EDO - Sumitomo family business

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The Sumitomo family　住友家
and doozan 銅山 Dozan copper mines in Japan

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The Sumitomo Group, of which Sumitomo Corporation is a key member, dates to the 17th century establishment of a book and medicine shop in Kyoto by 小次郎政友　Masatomo Sumitomo. Sumitomo's brother-in-law 蘇我理右衛門　Riemon Soga developed a technology to extract silver from copper, and Soga's son (who married Sumitomo's daughter) 住友友以　Tomomochi Sumitomo expanded this smelting business to Osaka.
From this start, the Sumitomo family expanded its business into copper mining (the Besshi copper mine), followed by textiles, sugar and medicine trading.
Its 家号 Yago house name was 泉屋 Izumiya.

The Sumitomo family was close to the Tokugawa shogunate throughout the Edo period. During the 1860s, this relationship became a liability for the firm as the Tokugawa clan warred with rivals in western Japan. Following the Tokugawas' defeat, Sumitomo was almost ruined and under pressure to sell the Besshi mine, which by that point was nearly unworkable. However, Sumitomo kept the mine and improved its output through adoption of new Western techniques.
During the rapid westernization of Japan in ensuing decades, Sumitomo started various new trading, manufacturing and financing businesses, becoming one of the major zaibatsu of early 20th century Japan.

Sumitomo Corporation (住友商事株式会社 Sumitomo Shōji Kabushiki-gaisha)
is one of the largest worldwide Sogo shosha general trading companies, and is a diversified corporation. The company was incorporated in 1919, it is a member company of the Sumitomo Group.
- source : wikipedia




Sumitomo Corporation
- source : sumitomocorp.co.jp -

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住友家の起源 - 始祖・家祖・業祖
住友の姓は、戦国の末、もともと先祖に順美平内友定という人物がおり、桓武天皇の曾孫・高望王の二十二代目にその子・小太郎（忠重）が父の姓と名をとって「住友」の姓を称して室町将軍に仕えて、備中守に任じられたのに始まる。

平家の末裔である戦国武士だった住友家の先祖は、国取り物語の戦国時代を有為転変の歴史を生きる。室町将軍に仕えた「始祖」・住友忠重の子・頼定は、足利義晴に仕え、頼定の子・定信は刑部承と称した。そして、定信の子・定重は、今川義忠（今川義元の祖父）に仕えるが、定重の子・信定の代になり、今川氏が滅んでしまったので、摂津の中川清秀に仕え、入江土佐守と称し、中川十六騎の一人として知られたが、尾崎の陣で戦死してしまう。また入江土佐守（信定）の子・政俊は越前国の柴田氏に仕え、若狭守と称し越前丸岡城にあったが、柴田勝家と共に北庄城で滅んでしまった。政俊の子・長行は、徳川家康の子で結城家へ養子入りした結城秀康に用いられるが、住友家の武家の歴史はここまでである。戦国の習いとはいえ、武家社会の興亡の激しさと無情を感じたのか長行は、自分の子供たちに武家の世界から足を洗わせた。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -


葛がくれ幕府御用の銅の道
kuzugakure bakufu goyoo no doo no michi

hidden in Kuzu
the copper road
of the Bakufu

品川鈴子 Shinagawa Suzuko



- quote -
The Besshi copper mine (別子銅山 Besshi dōzan) was a rich source of copper in Niihama, Ehime Prefecture.
The deposits were discovered in 1690, and mining began in the following year. From then until the closing of the mine in 1973, Besshi produced about 700,000 tons of copper, and contributed to Japan's trade and modernization. The Sumitomo family managed the mine, which helped build the Sumitomo zaibatsu. The Dōzan River was named after the copper mine.
- source : wikipedia -


別子銅山のぼれば桔梗また桔梗
Besshi doozan noboreba kikyoo mata kikyoo

Besshi copper mine
climbing up there are Chinese bellflowers
and more bellflowers

津村芳水 Tsumura Hosui


. kikyoo 桔梗 Chinese bellflower - Platycodon grandiflorus. .
- kigo for autumn -

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草笛に吹くよ別子の銅山節
kusabue ni fuku yo Besshi no doozanbushi

blowing it
on a reed flute -
the Besshi Copper Mine Song

品川鈴子 Shinagawa Suzuko




別子銅山せっとう節 Besshi Dozan Settobushi
江戸時代から鉱山へ出稼ぎにきた坑夫たちによって歌い継がれた作業歌とされています。
女は絣の着物にタスキがけ、男は坑夫のいでたちで登場します。
- reference -


. kusabue 草笛 "reed flute" .
- kigo for summer -

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- - - - - There was one more important copper mine in Japan.

Ashio doozan 足尾銅山 Ashio Dozan, Ashio Copper Mine

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The Ashio Copper Mine, Ashio, Tochigi prefecture, became very significant from the end of the 19th century to the mid-20th century. It was the site of major pollution in the 1880s and the scene of the 1907 miners riots.



The Ashio mine has been in existence at least since 1600 when it belonged to the Tokugawa shogunate. At that time it produced about 1,500 tons annually, although this declined when the mine was closed in 1800. It became privately owned in 1871 following the industrialisation initiated by the Meiji restoration. By 1877 it became the property of Furukawa Ichibei, and by the 1880s production had increased dramatically, reaching 4,090 tons by 1885, 78 per cent of the total output of the Furukawa mines and 39 percent of Japan's copper production.

The Ashio mine was shut down in 1973.
The Ashio Copper Mine Incident is the name given to the environmental disaster that occurred as a result of the Ashio mining operations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


製錬のにほひかそかに夏山路
seiren no nioi kasoka ni natsu yamaji

the faint smell
of metal smelting
on the summer mountain road

上村占魚 Uemura Sengyo (下野足尾銅山)

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足尾銅山枯葉に重さありにけり
Ashio doozan kareha ni omosa ari ni keri

Ashio copper mine
and the withered leaves
feel so heavy . . .

渡辺恭子 Watanabe Kyoko




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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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Akita 阿仁合村 Aniai - 阿仁銅山 Ani copper mine

gingitsune 銀狐 the silver fox
Once upon a time a rich merchant from Osaka found a silver fox in his garden, but when he woke up from this dream, his wife had turned into a silver fox. So the wife-fox left her husband, but he came after her, travelling around in Japan. One day his wife-fox appeared again and told him, if he climbed up this mountain he would find precious metal.
This is the beginning of the Ani doozan 阿仁銅山 copper mines in Ani .

阿仁鉱山 Ani Kozan mines for copper, gold and silver.
Copper was first found in 1716. Shut down in 1987.



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Originally developed as a gold mine in 1300s, Ani mine became one of the top three copper mines in Japan with the highest record copper production in 1716 when operated by the Satake clan.
German mining engineers were invited in the 19th century to further improve its production. Ijinkan is a western building that used to accommodate such engineers, including Adolf Meckel, and was later used as a guesthouse after they left. The building was designated a national cultural asset in 1990.
- source : akita-ecotown.com -


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Akita 土川 Tsuchikawa - 杉沢銅山 Sugisawa copper mine

katame no sakana 片目の魚 fish with one eye
The stonefish (kajika 鰍) from Tsuchikawa village living below the copper mine lost one eye when the paths were hit by a landslide and the blood of the killed workers flowed down the river, filling one of the fish's eyes.

This mine for gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc in the 大仙市 Daisen town district was closed in 1972.

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Gifu 洞戸村 Horado

hitokui Ebisu 人喰いエビス man-eating Ebisu
This man-eating Ebisu was hit by an arrow from 正之御前 Masa no Gozen at 弓保木, the blood of Ebisu flew down the river at 赤谷 Akadani and he finally fled to 恵比寿山 Mount Ebisusan to the copper mine grotto 銅山岩屋 (also called Ebisugura エベスグラ.)

There is a small shrine in honor of Masa no Gozen 正の御前, 正之御前社.
It is about 540 meter high on Ebisu mountain.



In the shrine is a deity and two bronze mirrors.
A warrior from Echizen who had lost his head in battle and his retainer Masa no Gozen burried it on the mountain.
- source : sankyoharinko -

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- source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 12/27/2015 12:37:00 pm

EDO Mingei - nails and poles kugi kui

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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .
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kugi 釘 nail, hook, Nagel



- quote JAANUS -
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kugi 釘 A nail made of metal, wood or bamboo and shaped according to use.
Traditionally, metal kugi are square, kakukugi 角釘. However there are a great variety of other kugi: flat nails hirakugi 平釘; double pointed bent nails aiorekugi 合折釘; double pointed nails aikugi 合釘; twice bent end nijuu orekugi 二重折釘, a thrice bent nails inazuma orekugi 稲妻折釘; and a bag hanging nails fukurokakekugi 袋掛釘.

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aikugi　合釘
Also kurekugi 呉釘, kirikugi 切釘. A straight nail with both ends pointed. It is made of wood, bamboo, iron, or bronze and used to join wooden boards. Some are round in cross section and others are square kakuaikugi 角合釘.
Note that maruaikugi 丸合釘 refers to a Western type nail, and not a round aikugi.

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aiorekugi　合折釘
Also called oreaikugi 折合釘 or mageorekugi 曲折釘. A type of double-pointed iron nail, square in section, and bent into an L-shape. Used to attach the frames of opaque paper sliding screens fusuma 襖, to a skeletal framework, hammered down so that they are not visible from the exterior. Aiorekugi typically are spaced about 21cm apart.

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asagaokugi 朝顔釘
Lit. morning glory nail. A two-pronged nail bent into a right angle for the purpose of hanging a flower vase. The nail usually is driven into the bamboo lath of a vine-laced, lattice-reed window shitajimado 下地窓, or on the lath of a small window hana-akarimado 花明窓, found at the side of the tea house alcove tokonoma 床の間. The points of this nail are bent around the bamboo lath of the window lattice after it has been pounded in. Typically, morning glories 'asagao 朝顔', are displayed in this vase hence the name, but sometimes other flowers are displayed.

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fukurokakekugi 袋掛釘 Lit. bag hanging nail.
A bamboo or iron nail inserted into the middle post nakabashira 中柱, of a tea ceremony room. It is used to hang up the tea caddy bag, shifuku 仕服. The nail is bent to form a hook with the under part being bent at a right angle and rounded to make it easy to hang up the bag gracefully. A small guard regulates how far the nail is to be hammered into the post. The nail is positioned about 11cm above the horizontal wooden piece which holds the extended sleeve wall sodekabe 袖壁, and terminated by the nakabashira. This prevents the bag from touching the floor. Example: Kohouan 孤篷庵 Daitokuji 大徳寺 (rebuilt by Matsudaira Fumai 松平不昧 flourished ca. 1800), Kyoto.

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hanakugi 花釘
A nail used to hang a flower vase in a tea ceremony room chashitsu 茶室. Some are hammered into the center of the alcove tokonoma 床の間, wall and others are hammered into the alcove pillar tokobashira 床柱. The former is also called nakakugi 中釘 and the latter hashirakugi 柱釘 or tokobashira hanakugi 床柱花釘. All are metal nails, bent up into an L- shape to form a hook.

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inazuma orekugi 稲妻折釘
Also nijuu orekugi 二重折釘. A twice bent nail that is used under the ceiling molding or under the attached lintel for hanging scrolls. They are created by first bending them 90 degrees and then a second time.
If set in a channel, musou shibuichi 無双四分一, nails of this type can also be moved to the left or right and are also used for hanging scrolls in an alcove. In this case, they are called inazuma hashirikugi 稲妻走釘 (running right angle hook). The bottom part is inserted through the opening in the web of the channel, and the prongs are bent so that they hang on the edges of the web. When a pair or set of three scrolls are hung, these special nails can be slid to the position needed.

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jikukakekugi 軸掛釘 / Also jikukugi 軸釘, kakemonokugi 掛物釘.
A hook for hanging scrolls kakemono 掛物 that is made of metal or bamboo and hammered into the upper part of the back wall, or the bottom edge of the ceiling molding of a tea ceremony alcove tokonoma 床の間. Metal jikukakekugi are bent twice to form a three-pronged, trident shape. If made of bamboo, the hook is hammered straight into the wall, or with a slight upward incline in a rustic style tea ceremony room.
Bamboo nails are 0.63cm long and are nailed 2.8cm below the ceiling molding, projecting from the wall. Around the late 16c - early 17c, in shoin 書院 style tea rooms one, three, four or eight scrolls were hung and each had a hook. When three hooks, mitsukugi 三ﾂ釘, were used, the right and left ones were made smaller and projected 3cm. When a set of three scrolls, sanpukutsui 三幅対, were hung, in a large shoin style room, a board 6-8mm thick, 12-30cm wide and 180cm long was nailed to the bottom edge of the ceiling molding and a groove was made so that the inserted zigzag shaped nails could be moved easily.

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kaiorekugi 貝折釘
Also written 皆折釘. A large, square, angular nail used for wooden or bamboo fences. Its head is bent at right angles but has a gable-shaped top. It varies from 8-9cm to 20-30cm long.

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musoukugi　無双釘 Musokugi
Also musou orekugi 無双折釘. A type of nail used to hang a scroll in an alcove nakakugi 中釘. A nail which is composed of two parts: a sharply pointed tip and a second part which is bent up at a right angle to form a hook. The pointed part is securely driven into the plastered wall of an alcove and the latter part can be inserted into a fixed pocket and removed at will. This type of nail prevents damage to the scroll. It may also be used to hang a flower vase.

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nakakugi 中釘
Also hanakugi 花釘, tokonakakugi 床中釘 (see orekugi 折釘).
A nail hammered into the center of the back wall of an alcove tokonoma 床の間, on which to hang a flower vase or a scroll in a tea ceremony room. The nail is bent in such a fashion that when it is driven into the wall the back of the scroll is not damaged. Most nakakugi are placed about 1 m above the surface of the straw mat tatami 畳, but this distance varies widely, usually from 90cm-150cm, depending on the height of the ceiling.

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nijuu orekugi　二重折釘
Also called kakemonokugi 掛物釘. A type of hooked nail orekugi 折釘.
A square, double-bent nail that is used to hang scrolls kakemono 掛物. The nail head forms a ' コ' shape. A nail with three bends is called sanjuu orekugi 三重折釘.

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noshigata-no-kugi 熨斗形の釘
An archaic term for taru-no-kuchi 樽の口. Also called kanimekugi 蟹目釘 or noshigashira kugi 熨斗頭釘.
A large, half-dome-shaped nail similar to a present day rivet. The WAMYOUSHOU 倭名抄 describes it as a large, high-headed nail, kashiradaka ookugi 頭高大釘. It is used to secure a gable pendant, gegyo 懸魚 or a non-penetrating tie beams, nageshi 長押.

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orekugi　折釘 A type of hooked nail made from one piece of iron.
It is bent at a right angle and is square in cross section. The name is a corruption of orikugi 折釘. Orekugi are used for both the interior and exterior of a tea ceremony house *chashitsu 茶室. There are many different sizes and most have stops or guards which determine the extent to which the nail can be inserted into a wall, post, or molding. Orekugi are named according to their placement, or purpose. There are many types of bent nails.
These include: fukurokakekugi 袋掛釘; musoukugi 無双釘; asagaokugi 朝顔釘; *tokobashirahana kugi 床柱花釘; tokonakakugi 床中釘; tokokakenaka kugi 床掛中釘; and tokootoshikake kugi 床落掛釘.

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sanjuu orekugi　三重折釘
A nail that is bent in three tines at a ninety degree angle.

Like the twice bent nail, nijuu orekugi 二重折釘, it is used to hang various kinds of decorative objects. Also called *inazuma orikugi 稲妻折釘.

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takekugi　竹釘 bamboo nail
Usually the nail is 7.5mm square and made from giant bamboo, madake 真竹 (also nigatake 苦竹). They have a hook on which to hang scrolls and are used in a small room or alcove, tokonoma 床の間. When pounded into a wall, the nail project 27mm with the exterior skin on the upper side. Kobori Enshuu 小堀遠州 (1579-1647) and Kanamori Souwa 金森宗和 (1584-1656) preferred nailing takekugi into a wall with the exterior skin on the under side. Hooked bamboo nails were used in a tea ceremony houses, chashitsu 茶室, kitchen, mizuya 水屋, for hanging up towels used to wipe tea implements.
Bamboo nails made from a smaller variety of bamboo that has a smooth surface with non-protruding joints are used by cabinet makers. Once shaped as nails, they are roasted in an iron pot and therefore have a brownish color.

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tokobashirahana kugi 床柱花釘 / hashirakugi　柱釘
tokonakakugi 床中釘; tokokakenaka kugi 床掛中釘; and tokootoshikake kugi 床落掛釘.
Also hanakugi 花釘. A nail on which a flower vase can be hung. It is nailed onto an alcove post tokohashira 床柱 in a tea ceremony room chashitsu 茶室. Opinion varies on its proper position which ranges from 33cm below the alcove lintel otoshigake 落掛, to 97cm above the straw mat tatami 畳 floor.

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wakugi 和釘
Also called nihonkugi 日本釘. A square nail used during and after the Tumulus period (CE 300-538/552). The nail was made of hand-wrought iron and was from 3cm-60cm long. Wakugi were classified by the shape of the nail head. The oldest nail of this type had a square head. Other heads were flat or spiral in shape. The nails were used to secure roof tiles yanegawara 屋根瓦, to eave ends, *nokisaki 軒先. Double pointed nails were used to join two wooden members to make a line like a seam, nuime 縫目. This method appeared during the Heian period (794-1185). At the Houryuuji Gojuu-no-tou 法隆寺五重塔, 27 different types of nails have been identified, ranging in length from slightly over 3.03,to over 60.9.

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yanagikugi 柳釘
Also yanagikakekugi 柳掛け釘. A nail hammered into a partially plastered post yanagibashira 柳柱 (see youjibashira 楊子柱), usually found in a 4 1/2 mat tea ceremony room chashitsu 茶室. The nail is hammered into the upper part of the post (the unplastered part) and a hanging flower vase is hung from it. According to Sen Soutan 千宗旦 (1578-1658) the nail gets its name from springs of willow draped from the nail at New Years. Examples can be seen at Yuuin 又隠 at Urasenke 裏千家, and Onigawara-no-seki 鬼瓦席 at Koudaiji 高台寺 both in Kyoto.

- source : JAANUS -
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. kasugai 鎹 / かすがい clamp, cramp, cleat, staple .

. yanefuki 屋根葺き roofer, craftsman making roofs .
using nails

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deru kugi wa utareru 出る釘は打たれる "A nail that sticks out will be hammered"
deru kui wa utareru 出る杭は打たれる "A stake that sticks out will be hammered"

. The nail that sticks out . . . .




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kui　杭 - kigui 木杭 Pile
A wooden stake or post driven into the ground.
Closely placed round wooden posts, often shaved to a point, pounded into the ground to form a base that can transfer the down bearing load from the superstructure through the footing, sills, or foundation to the ground. This system has been used from very ancient periods for foundation ground work. Pine logs were most common, but Japanese cedar, sugi 杉, and evergreen oak, kashi 樫, were also used. The stakes had to reach down below the water table, as they decayed if they dried up. In order to strengthen the tip of the kui when driving into hard ground, a protective metal band called a pile shoe, kutsukanamono 沓金物, was sometimes added.

hikaegui　控杭 pole, post
Any upright pole or post added to the inside of a castle wall for extra support. While hikaegui increased the strength of the wall, they did make it more difficult to move around close to the wall on the interior because the light was dim and people could easily fall against these protections.
- source : JAANUS -


国分尼寺守る杭打つ初仕事
Kokubun Niji mamoru kui utsu hatsu shigoto

first work of the year
to strengthen the piles
of nunnery Kokubun-ji

土屋尚 Tsuchiya Masa

. Kokubunji 国分寺 Kokubun-Ji .


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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. kugi 釘 伝説　Legends about nails and curses .

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折釘に烏帽子かけたり春の宿
orekugi ni eboshi kaketari haru no yado

On a bent hook
hangs an official's cap,
the lodging house in spring.
Tr. Yuki Sawa

. Yosa Buson - Collection - 蕪村句集 Kushu .


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kugikakushi, kugi kakushi 釘隠し "hiding the nails" nail-hiding ornament

- quote
kugikakushi　釘隠
An ornament used to conceal the head of a large nail on a pressing tie rail *nageshi 長押 and on doors. Made of wood, copper, iron, or gilt bronze. From the Momoyama period techniques of cloisonne *shippou 七宝, inlay *zougan 象嵌, and openwork *sukashibori 透彫, decoration were used, and new materials such as ceramics were introduced. Pre-10c kugikakushi were hemispherical in shape and known as *bai 唄, manjuu kanamono 饅頭金物 (see *manjuugata 饅頭形) or *chichikanamono 乳金物.
From about the 10c, kugikakushi were designed using a circle of flower-petal shapes.
The most common types were the four-petalled *shiyou 四葉, six-petalled *rokuyou 六葉, and eight-petalled *hachiyou 八葉. They consisted of a central projection *taru-no-kuchi 樽の口 (cask plug), a round body *kikuza 菊座, and surrounding petal shapes *zagane 座金.
- source : JAANUS


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CLICK for more photos !


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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

雛の間へ一間ごとの釘隠し
hina no ma e hitoma goto no kugi kakushi

to the room with Hina dolls
every room is decorated
with nail-hiding ornaments

Yasome Aiko 八染藍子 (1934 - )

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釘隠しまでも梅鉢あたかかし　
kugi kakushi made mo umebachi atatakashi

even the nail-hiding ornaments
like a plum-blossom
feels so warm 　

Gotoo Yahan 後藤夜半 Goto Yahan (1895 - 1976)




umebachi was the family crest of the Maeda clan.
Kaga-umebachi kamon
Umebachi kamon in the shape of an ume blossom is the family crest of the Maedas of Daishoji clan (a branch family of Kaga clan) who originated Kutaniyaki Porcelain. An ume, together with a chrysanthemum, bamboo and an orchid was one of four flowers likened to wise man in old China, and the crest has deep relation with Tenjin faith.
The design is classified roughly into two patterns －realistic pattern and geometric pattern in the shape of ume blossom with five single petals. The Maedas used design to be called Kaga-umebachi that intended particular distinction from other similar family crests in shape of ume blossom.
source : kutanimus-volunteers.com


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啓蟄の日がとどきたり釘隠
小室善弘

春荒れのひと夜や鶴の釘隠し
長崎玲子

水亭は釘隠さへかきつばた
飴山實

行く春や緑青をふく釘隠し
渡部義雄

釘隠良夜の釘を隠しをり
真鍋呉夫

黴の戸の栄枯高きに釘隠
古舘曹人


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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .


. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 1/25/2015 03:41:00 pm

EDO - Aomonocho District

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Aomonochoo　青物町 Aomonocho "vegetable" district



After Tokugawa Ieyasu founded the town, many people came to work here and to feed them all was one of the great projects that had to be taken care of. For fresh vegetables, Ieyasu had a market set up with the help of

Soga Kozaemon 曽我小左衛門　/ 曾我小左衛門
He had come from Odawara, Kanagawa and settled in the district near Nihonbashi and Yorozucho 萬町, which soon took the name of the Odawara original.

- quote
江戸へ行った小田原の『青物町』
- source : 田代道彌

To the North of Aomonocho was
Ikedai Yashiki　活鯛屋敷　
where the fish for Edo Castle were kept in ikesu　生洲 fish preserve ponds.

Soon other wholesalers came to live in Amonocho too, like tea merchants, soy sauce merchants, dried foods merchants and even incense stick merchants and many more
問屋が多く、定飛脚問屋、乾物問屋、茶問屋、紙煙草入問屋、鍋釜問屋、干菓子問屋、薬屋、筆墨硯師、醤油酢問屋など . . .
Near the wholesalers, smaller vegetable shops also set up business.

Most of this area got lost and parts of it are now reconstructed and excarvated from the ruins.

aomono-tori 青物取り taking green things,
is still a common word for collecting sansai　山菜 mountain vegetables in spring.

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Edo no Aomono Ichiba 江戸の青物市場 Vegetable Markets in Edo
In the "three vegetable district" 青物三ケ町 Aomono Sangamachi in Kanda
Tachō, 多町 Tacho - 連雀町 Renjakucho - 永富町 Eifukucho

From there street vendors would take off every day.



aomono uri 青物売り vegetable vendor

正徳４年（1714）から幕府御用となり、享保１０年（1725）には、問屋は９４人も居たというのです。
- source : edosanpo.blog109 -

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There are other districts in Japan with this name.

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神奈川県 Kanagawa　小田原 Odawara



Aomonocho Shotengai　商店街　 Shopping Street


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岩手県 Iwate, 盛岡市 Morioka



The district used to be called 仙北町新小路 Senboku and was re-named to Aomonocho in 1812. It is the district in front of the shrine 駒形神社 Komagata Jinja.



The 明治橋 Meiji Bridge of Aomonocho

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. Kappa legends from Iwate 河童 / かっぱ / カッパ .

カッパ Kappa and Sumo wrestler 七つ瀧 Nanatsu-Taki (Seven Waterfalls)
At 青物町 Aomonocho there lived a former Sumo wrestler, he now dealt with horses (bakuroo バクロウ). Once he went to the river with a horse, where he met a Kappa. The Kappa wanted to pull the horse into the water, but the strong Nanatsutaki pulled him out with ease. The Kappa apologized and promised never to pull humans into the water again.
He promised to stay off from 明神淵 Myojin-Fuchi to 御舟小屋 Ofune-Koya. And all other Kappa would also respect this promise.
Since this day, no fatal water accidents happened there and people now bring offerings to the local shrine festival

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- - - - -　 H A I K U　 - - - - -

青物を買ふ女房の袷かな
aomono o kau nyoobo no awase kana

the summer robe
of my wife buying
vegetables . . .


貧乏な青物店や夏大根
binboo na aomonoten ya natsu daikon

this poor
vegetable shop -
Daikon in summer

. Kawahigashi Hekigoto 河東碧梧桐 .


. daikon 大根　Radish, Reddish, Raphanus sativas .

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春風や青物市の跡広し
harukaze ya aomono ichi no ato hiroshi

spring wind -
the remains of the vegetable market
are quite large

at Senju 千住 in Tokyo

こほろぎや青物市のこぼれ菜に
koorogi ya aomono ichi no koboreha ni

this cricket -
it sits on a fallen leaf
at the vegetable market

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .


. koorogi 蟋蟀 cricket, Gampsocleis buergeri .
- kigo for autumn -

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そらまめ剥く祭の路地の青物屋
野澤節子

はつゆきや青物市のよめがはぎ
高井几董

大根干す青物市場のフエンスにも
五十嵐波津子

打水を店の中まで青物屋
中田勘一

朝寒や青物洗ふ高瀬川
村上霽月

青物に涼しき月の巷かな
尾崎紅葉

青物を軒に培ひ長屋夏
石塚友二

魚屋に青物売つて小鳥来る
石川桂郎

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #aomonocho - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 12/23/2015 10:45:00 am

TEMPLE - Sennyuji Kyoto

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .
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Sennyuji, Mitera 御寺 泉涌寺 Mitera Sennyu-Ji, Kyoto

Mitera 御寺 The Honorable Temple (of the Imperial Family)



京都府京都市 東山区泉涌寺山内町27 / 27 Sennyuji Yamanouchi-cho, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto

- quote -
Temple for the imperial family
Sennyu-ji Temple is the headquarters of the Sennyu-ji School of the Shingon sect of Buddhism standing at the foot of Mount Tsukiwa 月輪御陵拝所 .
Since this temple is the home to successive imperial members' graves, it is also respectfully called Mitera. According to temple history, the important Buddhist priest, Kukai opened a temple at this location in the early 9th century and named it Horin-ji. Later in 1218, when another Buddhist priest called 月輪大師俊仍 Gachirin Shunjo constructed new temple buildings, water sprang up from the ground so the name of the temple was changed to Sennyu-ji Temple, or temple where water springs.
Sennyu Mizuyakata 泉涌水屋形 The Water Well House
This water still continues to provide pure water to this day.




The large temple precinct consists of Dai-mon 大門 main gate, Butsu-den Hall　仏殿, Shari-den Hall　舎利殿　 and Reimei-den Hall 霊明殿　where successive imperial members' spirit tablets are placed.
Many other buildings are accommodated in the large temple property. Each sub-temple has a different deity and characteristics, so visiting them one by one is also very interesting.
Being apart from the central city area, this temple emanates serenity and seasonal beauty no matter which season you visit.
- source : eng.trip.kyoto.jp/spot -

Gozasho 御座所 The Place where the Emperor rests
usually shown with a traditional elevated seat on tatami mats
(but when the Emperor visits, it is replaced by a tabel and chairs for the Imperial family).
And its adjacent beautiful park 御座所庭園　
This park is especially beautiful with the red autumn leaves.


CLICK for more colorful autumn photos !

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- quote -
Sennyu-ji temple in Kyoto
Located on the slopes of Higashiyama, Kyoto's eastern mountains, Sennyu-ji temple might be a little bit hard to reach as it is off the main tourist tracks. Despite its lack of accessibility, it is a must see among Kyoto's Buddhist temples. Surrounded by a dense forest, it is a secret well preserved, even from many locals, a haven of peace which contains more than twenty-five imperial mausoleums.

A simple but massive wooden gate west of the temple marks the frontier between the secular and the sacred world as your journey begins here with a short but steep climb. Turn right at the intersection and follow the main road to reach the temple's main gate (daimon).


Sennyu Mizuyakata 泉涌水屋形 The Water Well House

Sennyu-ji, or the "temple of the gushing water", is said to have been founded during the 13th century by the illustrious monk Junjo. Sponsored by feudal lords and aristocratic families, he was allowed to build the first pavilions of what would become a flourishing Buddhist school during the next centuries. Burnt down almost entirely during the 15th century, most of the buildings were rebuilt in the mid-seventeenth century and still stand today.

Start by heading left to reach a small pavilion, the yokihi kannon-do. You can admire a very rare statue of Kannon, the Buddhist goddess of compassion, brought back from China in 1255. It is said to have been carved to reflect the beauty of the legendary Chinese Empress Yang Guifei. Until 1955, this treasure used to be kept hidden and shown to the public only once every hundred years!

Turn left as you exit and follow the path down to reach the main hall (honden) and, behind it, the hall of Buddha's relics (shariden). Both are heavily influenced by Chinese architecture. Feel free to enter the first one as it contains several treasures, including a rare set of gold-layered Buddha statues. The shariden, where a tooth taken from the historical Buddha's relics is said to be enshrined, is unfortunately closed to the public except on special occasions. You can still enjoy its splendid curved tile roof, covered with a silvery sheen on rainy days.

Before entering the last pavilion of the temple compound, you should make your way to the right, behind the hall of relics. A narrow approach along the forest will lead you to an imperial mausoleum, one of a kind in Japan. Since 1242, fourteen Emperors and several other members of the Imperial Family have chosen to be buried here. Far from the city lights and bustle, this is probably when you will realise that you have not heard a sound for the last hour.

Visit the gozasho, used as a resting place by the Imperial Family since the 19th century, photographs, personal artifacts, pieces of art and folding screens are on display here. From mid-November to early December, the blaze of maple trees will paint the charming inner garden with vivid colours. Enjoy this moment of tranquility while sitting on the wooden balcony.

Often called Mitera, or The August Temple, due to its connections with the Imperial Family, Sennyu-ji is a witness to the passing of time like no other place in Kyoto. The superb architecture and unique atmosphere within an ever-changing city is a delight for the senses. Whatever the season, you will hardly ever forget the journey.
- source : en.japantravel.com/kyoto - Julian Bohler -

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Yookihi Kannon, Yōkihi Kannon 楊貴妃観音 Yokihi Kannon

大門を入って左手奥の堂内、六羅漢像の中央に安置される聖観音像（重文）で湛海律師が寛喜2年（1230）月蓋長者像らとともに将来された像である。
像容の美しさから、玄宗皇帝が亡き楊貴妃の冥福を祈って造顕された像との伝承を生み、楊貴妃観音と呼ばれて来た。

. Yookihi 楊貴妃 Yokihi - Princess Yang Gui Fei .
a famous Chinese beauty


source :　hotsuma816nifuku

. Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩 .

. bijin 美人 beauty - beauty amulet 美守 - bijin kigan 美人祈願お守り .
- Introduction -

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- Homepage of the temple

仏教と巡礼は深い関わりがあります。四国八十八ケ所や西国三十三ケ所巡りは人々の信仰に新たな経験となり心を慰めるものでした。江戸時代の平和の中で商業や手工業が発達し、庶民にも旅するゆとりが生まれると、巡礼や名所巡りは大きな楽しみとなりました。泉涌寺山内においても楊貴妃観音は洛陽三十三所の、今熊野観音寺は西国三十三ケ所巡りの、雲龍院は西国薬師四十八所の霊場となっています。
- source : www.mitera.org

The temple is part of many Kannon pilgrimages and other pilgrimages since the Edo period.


amulet to become as beautiful as Princess Yokihi


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- Yearly Festivals -

1月1日～3日 修正会
1月成人の日 泉山七福神巡り（山内寺院）
1月 大般若法要
2月節分 星供法要
3月14、15、16日 涅槃会
3月21日 弘法大師正御影供法要
3月 春季彼岸会
4月1日～8日 開山忌法要
5月 大般若法要
7月14、15日 盂蘭盆法要
9月2日 静寛院宮法要　薮内献茶式
9月 大般若法要
9月 秋季彼岸会
10月7、8日 舎利会法要
11月4日 解脱会法要
12月31日 結界諷経（涅槃会、舎利会には月輪末生流献花）


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. Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師　空海 .
(774 - 835)

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

Kanmu Tenno 桓武天皇 (737 - 806) wanted to make sure 平安京 Heiankyo (Kyoto) would stay the capital of the empire for ever. So he ordered a huge statue of a warriour in armor, holding a bow and arrow, made of about 240 cm and burried it in a mound at Higashiyama, facing West.
This is the mound above temple Sennyu-Ji, 将軍塚 Shogunzuka.
Sometimes the mound rumbled as an omen.
For example in the year 1156 at the Hogen no Ran 保元の乱 Hōgen Rebellion, in the year 1177 when Taira no Kiyomori moved to Fukuhara 福原遷都 and in the year 1493 and 1511 during the Ashikaga Shogunate.
Also in 1598 when Toyotomi Hideyoshi died.

- source : nichibun yokai database -


- quote -
The Shogunzuka Mound (将軍塚, Shōgunzuka) is located on the eastern mountains of Kyoto on the spot where Emperor Kanmu is said to have first surveyed the valley where he ultimately build the ancient capital city of Kyoto.
Keeping with this tradition, Shogunzuka is perhaps best known these days for its observation decks which offer spectacular views out over the city below. The area is part of Shorenin Temple whose main buildings stand at the base of the mountain.
- source : japan-guide.com/e -


- photo wikipedia -


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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .

. O-Mamori お守り　Amulets and Talismans .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 12/03/2015 01:21:00 p.m.

EDO - Edo Yuzen Dyeing

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. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .
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Edo Yuuzen 江戸友禅 Edo Yuzen

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yuuzenzome　友禅染  "Yuzen-style Kimono dyeing."
A form of paste-resist dyeing with beautiful colors and pictorial designs. Itis named after the Kyoto fan painter 宮崎友禅 Miyazaki Yuzen, who is credited with perfecting the technique around 1700.
. yuuzenzome　友禅染 - "Yuzen-style dyeing" .
- Introduction -




- quote
Tokyo Tegaki Yuzen　東京手描き友禅 友禅

Main Areas of Manufacture
Shinjuku Ward, Nerima Ward, Arakawa Ward

Traditional Technologies and Techniques
-- For Tokyo Tegaki Yuzen (hand-painted kimono), preliminary designs are sketched on textiles using an extract from spiderwort （青花 aobana, Asian dayflower), etc.
-- Resist dyeing is done by applying either dye-resistant pastes to textiles or by covering areas with wax.
-- Various types of brush are used for coloring and the painting of designs.
-- Crests are applied either by brush or by using paper cut-out stencils.
-- Embroidery is undertaken by hand.
1- 下絵は、青花等を用いて描く。
2- 防染は、糸目糊、白付け糊、堰（せき）出し糊、伏せ糊、又はろう（原文は「ろう」は漢字）描きによる。
3- 挿し及び描き染めは筆又は刷毛（はけ）を用いる。
4- 紋章上絵（もんしょううわえ）は、毛描き又は紋章彫刻をした型紙を用いる刷り込みによる。
5- 刺繍（ししゅう）は、手刺繍による。

Traditionally Used Raw Materials
Woven silk textiles - 絹織物




History and Characteristics
The origins of yuzen dyeing are said to lay in the Edo Period's Jokyo Era (1684-1687) during which there was an artist in Kyoto whose real name was Hioki Kiyochika 日置清親 (1650-1736). This person nevertheless used Miyazaki Yuzensai 宮崎友禅斎 as his professional name.

In 好色一代男 "The Life of an Amorous Man," a well-known work of fiction of the Edo Period by Ihara Saikaku (1642-1693), there is a woodblock print called "The Twenty Dyed Fan Yuzen," this title hints at the fact that Miyazaki Yuzensai was also known to be a painter of fans. One day, due to a request received from a drapery, Miyazaki painted a design that featured a pattern of family crests, and it subsequently became wildly popular. The pattern represented a departure from dyed goods up until then, with its popularity said to have stemmed from its use of color. Ogata Korin 尾形光琳 (1658-1716), one of the most well-known artists in Japanese history also tried his hand at yuzen techniques, and examples of his work remain with us today.

When Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) established the Edo Shogunate (1603-1868), many dyers and artists employed by daimyo (feudal lords) relocated from Kyoto to Edo. Various technologies and techniques were patronized, and this resulted in the creation of a wide variety of both woven textiles and dyed goods. That water was an integral part of dyeing processes also proved a very important factor. Thus, many dyers ended up living along the banks of the Kanda River.

A drapery called "Echigoya" 越後屋呉服店 opened in Nihonbashi (now known as the Mitsukoshi Department Store) in the first year of the Enpo Era (1673). It established a dye works further up the Kanda River around Tokyo Yamanote (close to modern Takadanobaba in Shinjuku Ward). Even today, the largest number of dye works in Tokyo is found in Shinjuku. Concerning Tokyo Tegaki Yuzen (hand-painted kimono), from development of conceptualizations, the sketching of preliminary designs, and until project completion, craftspeople carry out tasks as a continuous operation, each working individually. A feature of such kimono is that even within garments of a single color, there is a sense of beauty and elegance.

Tokyo Kogei Senshoku Cooperative Association
- source : sangyo-rodo.metro.tokyo.jp

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yuuzenzomeshi 友禅染師　artisan dyeing Yuzen cloths

Since the very expensive Kimonos made of stiching patterns with gold and silver thread and other kinds of high-class patterns were eventually forbidden in Edo, the craftsmen had to think of other methods to bring some "color" in the daily life of the citizens.

The process of Yusen-dyeing is quite complicated and soon specialists for each process came together in a workshop to share the work.
From painting the images, applying paste, adding color, steaming, drying,
washing in a river (yuuzen nagashi　友禅流し Yuzen nagashi
. . . , drying again . . .



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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

. Kaga Yuzen 加賀友禅 from Ishikawa .

加賀友禅えがく百花や冬灯
Kaga yuuzen egaku hyakka ya fuyu tomoshi

Kaga Yuzen
painted with so many flowers -
winter lights
Tr. Gabi Greve

楠久子 Kusu Hisako



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行く秋や加賀友禅の小風呂敷
yuku aki ya Kaga yuuzen no koburoshiki

autumn has come to an end -
this small Furoshiki wrapper
from Kaga Yuzen
Tr. Gabi Greve

新田美智子 Nitta Michiko


CLICK for more Yuzen Furoshiki !

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加賀友禅筆より草の花生まる 野崎ゆり香

しぐるるや加賀友禅の鏡掛 中橋文子
人とその影加賀友禅を晒しをり 石原八束
冬ざれの赤を散りばめ加賀友禅 中山純子
冬川をたぐり寄せては布放つ(加賀友禅) 飴山實

春雨の加賀友禅の街にあり 岩崎すゞ
短日や加賀友禅の先ぼかし 新井佳津子
赤多き加賀友禅にしぐれ来る 綾子

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. densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 11/24/2015 09:29:00 a.m.

DARUMA - Roku Jizo

[http://darumasan.blogspot.jp/]
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- Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - ABC-List -
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Roku Jizō, Roku Jizoo 六地蔵 Roku Jizo, Six Jizo Statues


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- quote
Jizō vowed to assist beings in each of the Six Realms of Desire and Karmic Rebirth, in particular those in the hell realm, and is thus often shown in groupings of six.

.. more details on the six states (also called the Six Paths of Transmigration or Reincarnation, the Wheel of Life, the Cycle of Samsara, or Cycle of Suffering), ..
In Japan, groupings of six Jizō statues (one for each of the Six Realms) are quite common and often placed at busy intersections or oft-used roads to protect travelers and those in "transitional" states. Jizō also often carries a staff with six rings, which he shakes to awaken us from our delusions. The six rings likewise symbolize the six states of desire and karmic rebirth and Jizō's promise to assist all beings in those realms. In Japanese traditions, the six rings, when shaken, are also meant to make a sound and thus frighten away any insects or tiny animals in the direct path of the pilgrim, thus ensuring the pilgrim does not slay or accidentally kill any life form.
In Chinese traditions, Jizō shakes the six rings to open the doors between the various realms.

Worship of the Six Jizō can be traced back to the 11th century in Japan, but this grouping has no basis in Mahayana scripture or in the writings of Buddhist clergy. Its origin is probably linked to a similar grouping of Six Kannon (one for each of the six realms) that appeared in the early 10th century in Japan's Tendai 天台 sect. This grouping of Six Kannon originated much earlier in China, and draws its scriptural basis from the Mo-ho-chih-kuan (Jp. Makashikan 摩訶止観), a work (circa 594 AD) by the noted Chinese Tien-tai master Chih-i 智顗 (538 - 597). By the 11th century, Japan's Shingon sect also began venerating the Six Kannon. The worship of Six Jizō appeared around the same time. The six emanations of Jizō vary among temples and sects.



- - - - - Six Jizō (listed in Butsuzō-zu-i 仏像図彙, 1690) :

Chiji Jizō 地持地蔵, also known as Gosan Jizō 護讃地蔵
Darani Jizō 陀羅尼地蔵, also known as Ben-ni Jizō 牟尼地蔵
Hōshō Jizō 宝性地蔵, also known as Hashō Jizō 破勝地蔵 or Gasshō Jizō 合掌地蔵
Keiki Jizō 鶏亀地蔵, also known as Enmei Jizō 延命地蔵 or Kōmi Jizō 光味地蔵
Hōshō Jizō 法性地蔵, also known as Fukyūsoku Jizō 不休息地蔵
Hōin Jizō 法印地蔵, also known as Sanryū Jizō 讃龍地蔵


Hats for Six Jizō, Popular Children's Book
Kasa Jizō 笠地蔵 (Hatted Jizō or Jizō with Hat),
also known as Hibō Jizō 被帽地蔵) is an extremely popular fairy tale attributed to both Iwate and Fukushima prefectures. Below summary from the Japan Society. On New Year's Eve, a poor old man goes to the village, hoping to sell a piece of cloth his wife wove to make some money for the New Year's holiday. He meets a man who is trying to sell straw hats, and he exchanges the cloth with the man's five hats. On the way back home in the snow, the old man spots six stone statues of Jizō looking cold. The kind old man covers their heads with five straw hats and his own scarf. He returns home with empty hands but his wife is happy for what he has done. During the night of New Year's Eve, the six Jizō reward the couple for the their unselfish generosity.
- source : Mark Schumacher -




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Six Jizo moving during the earthquake



On the morning after the strong earthquakes of March 11, felt here three times with a strength of about 6 within two hours, these six statues had changed their direction, from looking south, to about 90 degrees further toward the direction of the earthquake, toward Sakae-mura village 栄村.
The road and railway were disrupted and the 2000 villagers had to be evacuated.

The statues are about 70 cm high, made of stone.
The first Jizo, the leader, did not change his position, but the six others faced Sakae-Mura as if to protect the villagers from harm. And indeed, no casualities in the village.

Now they are venerated even more as protectors of the village.



The Six Earthquake Jizo Statues

. Japan - after the BIG earthquake 2011 .

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Rokutai - 六体童形地蔵像 Six Jizo as Children
鞍馬寺 Kurama Temple, Kyoto

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Alphabetical order of the prefectures :

....................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県 　.......................................................................

喜多郡 Kita gun

reikon 霊魂

死人と血の濃い者が、霊魂を菩提寺へ連れて行くとて、溝を渡る時はそのことを告げ、橋を渡る際も同じように知らせる。寺に着けば持参の六道銭を一文づつ六地蔵尊に供え参り、霊魂は本尊の檀下の穴から裏面の位牌堂へ飛び越す。生前に善光寺に行ってない亡霊は葬式までに善光寺へお手判取りに行って戻る。

....................................................................... Fukushima 福島県 　...................................................................

Jizo and the Old Man
Once upon a time
there lived an old man and an old woman. The new year was just around the corner, so the old woman, with flaxen textiles she had woven by hand with heart and soul, said to the old man,
"The new year is coming closer. We'd better sell these textiles in Tadami and prepare for the new year. Would you go to Tadami to sell them?"
"All right," said the old man, and totteringly set out for Tadami in the rain, wearing a straw rain coat and a bamboo hat. In his hands were the textiles the old woman had woven.



- Read the end here:
. Minwa Jinja 民話神社 Minwa Shrine of Folk Tales .
Fukushima


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郡山市 Koriyama 湖南町 Konan village

地蔵さまの祟り The Curse of Jizo

地蔵様は六地蔵である。文政年間頃に地蔵様が邪魔になったので正福寺境内に移したところ熱病がはやった。もとの場所に戻すと熱病も治まった。


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いわき市 Iwaki

死人がでると檀那寺よりは十三仏の掛物、箱入りの六地蔵を持ってきて床にかけ安置する。しかし六地蔵を家の中にいれぬ処もある。優待してご馳走すれば始終六地蔵が出たがって村に死人が絶えないから虐待するのである。


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平田村 Hirata village

If a woman does not make offerings to the Roku Jizo, a stupid child will be born to her.
These children would go to the Roku Jizo and play "yarekarame やれからめ, tying their legs with the long hair they cut off.

....................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県 　.......................................................................

Sanjugonichime no mairi 三十五日目の山参り

餓鬼達が握り飯で争う間に極楽へ行く話

昔、兵庫県淡路島の辺りでは亡くなった人が遠い極楽へ向かい何日も旅をすると思われていた。貧しい百姓の長助も働きづめだった父親を亡くしたばかりで深く悲しんでいたが、長助の叔父は極楽に着けば生きていた時よりも幸せに暮らせるだろうと長助を慰めた。

叔父に励まされ長助は安心して畑仕事に打ち込めるようになったが、ある夜長助の枕元に極楽に旅立ったはずの父親が現れる。父親は極楽への道を歩いていたのだが、歩き続けてから三十五日目頃にようやく極楽が見えたかと思うと、恐ろしい餓鬼(飢えと乾きに苦しむ亡者)達が食い物をせがみ襲ってくるので引き返してきたのだという。

極楽に辿り着くには餓鬼達の腹を満たすしかないと父親が言うので、早速長助は十三個の握り飯を作ったが霊となった父親にはこの世の物は渡せない。しかし父親が東山寺(とうざんじ)の裏山があの世とこの世に通じている事を思い出し、長助は大急ぎで東山寺に来ると閻魔堂に四つ、六地蔵に六つの握り飯を供え父親の無事を祈った。

そうして長助はいよいよ東山寺の裏山へ上ったが、ここが餓鬼達のいる難所に通じていると思うと恐ろしくなり、長助は後ろ向きになって残り三つの握り飯を坂へ転がした。三つの握り飯は長い坂を転がると、やがて餓鬼達の前に落ちてきた。すると餓鬼達が握り飯の奪い合いを始めたため、その隙に父親は餓鬼達の前を通り抜け無事極楽へ行く事ができたのであった。

長助がこの出来事を叔父に話すと、叔父もそれはぜひ村人達にも伝えるべきだと喜んだ。この事があってから淡路島では三十五日目の法要の際、親戚一同で寺にお参りした後持ってきた十三個の握り飯のうち四つは閻魔堂に、六つは六地蔵に、残った三つは紙に包んで東山寺の裏山から後ろ向きに転がし、振り返らずに帰る習わしとなった。この三つの握り飯を餓鬼達が追いかけているうちに、亡くなった人達は無事この難所を通り抜ける事ができると言われている。


....................................................................... Ibaraki 茨城県 　.......................................................................

水戸市 Mito town

Once one of the Roku Jizo went out to enjoy himself at night and did not come back.
So the villagers built a new one and placed it beside the 5 others.
But then - two years later, the old statue was back in its place - Jizo had come back.


....................................................................... Kyoto 京都府 　.......................................................................


oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster

Near the Roku Jizo crossing on the road to Nara there lived a Tanuki.
A villager tells the story of his boyhood, when he passed that road at night. There he met the monster O-Nyudo with the long neck. He was so afraid, he ran home all the way.



. Oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster .



....................................................................... Nagano　長野県　.......................................................................

佐久市 Saku town

六反田にある。江戸時代，悪疫が流行った時，領主祢津の殿様がこの六地蔵を江戸に運ばせて，霊験によって悪疫の蔓延を阻んだという。江戸に運ぶときには大変重くて碓氷峠を越えるのに苦労したが，帰りには実に軽くなって容易に超えられた。


....................................................................... Niigata 新潟県　.......................................................................

O-Roku Jizo お六地蔵 The Venerable Roku Jizo

At the beginning of the Bon Dance in Autumn there appeared a beautiful girl which sang with a wonderful voice.
When the villagers followed her on the way home, she disappeared at the crossroads with the Roku Jizo.
She never came back for the Bon Dance and the villagers were sorry they had disturbed her incognito.

....................................................................... Shimane 　島根県　.......................................................................

飯石郡 Iishi gun

昔、金原から大志戸へ向かう街道を馬に乗った1人の侍がいた。ちょうど大志戸の入口付近にある六地蔵（円柱の石に六地蔵を彫っている）の前を通りかかったところ、地蔵の力で落馬してしまったので、侍は怒って刀で六地蔵を縦に3つに切ってしまった。道路拡張のため、今は観音像とともに大志戸の入口付近の道の脇に祭っている。
.
大正時代に奥明地区の徳島さんがリューマチにかかった。そこで家の前に六地蔵を置いたところ、よくなったという。


....................................................................... Tochigi 栃木県 　.......................................................................

宇都宮市 Utsunomiya town

Oshidori 鴛鴦 A good couple

大町に六面に六地蔵を彫った五重の石塔があり、鴛鴦塚という。昔この辺りに猟師がいて、求食川上流の求食沼で、雄の鴛鴦を射止めて首を切り、体だけを持ち帰った。翌日同所で雌鳥を射止めると、その翼の下に雄鳥の首を抱いていた。之を見た猟師は発心し、本宮寺に入り、求食川の河畔に草堂を結び、鴛鴦夫婦の塚を設け、冥福を祈ったという。


....................................................................... Wakayama 和歌山県 .................................................................

東牟婁郡 北山村 Kitayama village

bakemono 化け物 a monster

昔、六地蔵の下に小判などの秘宝があり、他の土地からきた人が、その小判を掘り返して盗んだために、そこには化け物が出るという話である。


....................................................................... Yamagata 山形県 　...................................................................

中津川村 Nakatsugawa village

Rokubu 六部
ある家に六部が泊った。金を持っていたので細引きで絞め殺した。六部は「この家を絶やして六地蔵にしてやる」と言った。一時栄えたが、はたしてやがて絶えた。

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Sechs Jizo-Statuen an Wegkreuzungen

Nach dem Tode gehen die Seelen der Menschen einen der sechs Wege (rokudoo) zu einem der sechs Existenzbereiche, in dem jeweils auch eine Kannon-Figur zu ihrer Errettung wartet: Welt der Götter (Wunscherfüllende Kannon), Welt der Menschen (Reineits-Kannon), Welt der Dämonen (Elfköpfige Kannon), Welt der Tiere (Pferdeköpfige Kannon), Welt der hungrigen Totengeister (Tausendarmige Kannon) und Welt der Höllenbewohner (Heilige Kannon). Die sechs Jizoos führen aus diesen sechs Bereichen zum Paradies. Besonders häufig in der Joodo-Sekte.

Häufig als sechs einzelne Steinfiguren mit roten Lätzchen und Mützchen an Wegkreuzungen oder am Eingang eines Friedhofes. Ganz selten sechs Figuren auf einem Stein, entweder je eine auf einem sechseckigen Stein oder auf drei Flächen jeweils zwei Figuren. Dabei unten die Reliefs der Jizoo-Statuen und oben eine Öffnung zum Einstellen einer Lampe, wie bei einer Steinlaterne (juusei rokumentoo) oder mit einer einfachen schirmförmigen Abdeckung (tansei rokumentoo).

Es gibt auch sechs Jizoo-Statuen in sechs verschiedenen Tempeln, z.B. in Kyooto an den ehemaligen sechs großen Verkehrswegen der Stadt während der Edo-Zeit.
Sehr selten als sechs Holzstatuen.

Die sechs Jizoo-Statuen nach Ashida:
Yotenga Welt der Götter (ten); Juwel.
Hookon Welt der Menschen (jin); langer Pilgerstab.
Kongoogan Welt der Hölle (jigoku); Banner der Hölle.
Kongoohoo Welt der Hungergeister (gaki); Juwel.
Kongootoo Welt der kämpfenden Dämonen (ashura); Banner der Hölle.
Kongoohi Welt der wilden Tiere (chikushoo); langer Pilgerstab.

Die sechs Jizoo-Statuen nach Tanaka:
Jizoo Bereich Linke Hand Rechte Hand
Daijoochihi Hölle langer Pilgerstab Juwel
Daitokuseijoo Geister Juwel Wunschgewährung
Daikoomyoo Tiere Juwel Wunscherfüllendes Juwel Seijoomuku Dämonen Juwel Sutraschatulle
Daiseijoo Menschen Juwel Fürchtet Euch nicht!
Daikengo Götter Juwel Sutrarolle

Nach einer anderen Version werden sie als Bosatsu bezeichnet:
Jizoo Bosatsu, Hooshuu Bosatsu, Hoosho Bosatsu, Hooinshu Bosatsu, Jichi Bosatsu und Kengoi Bosatsu.

Andere Versionen mit gefalteten Händen, Rosenkranz, Pilgerstab (mit zwei Köpfen (jintoojoo) oder mit einem Drachenkopf) und wunscherfüllendes Juwel, Baldachin, Räucherbecken oder einer Gebetsfahne kommen ebenfalls vor.

Gabi Greve

. Sechs Jizo-Statuen an Wegkreuzungen .

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- - - - - reference - - - - -

yokai database 妖怪データベース - 17
- source : www.nichibun.ac.jp

manga nihon mukashibanashi
丈六地蔵
旧正月の大福もち
三十五日目の山参り
- source : nihon.syoukoukai.com -

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Roku Jizo and Seven Daruma


source :　solitary journey

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六地蔵青野の端で暮れてゐる
roku jizoo aono no hate de kurete iru

six Jizo
at the end of a wild plain
in evening dusk . . .

小宅容義 Oyake Yasuyoshi

. natsuno 夏野 plains in summer, wild fields in summer .
aono 青野（あおの） green plains
uzukino 卯月野（うづきの）
satsukino 五月野（さつきの）plains in the fifth lunar month (in the rainy season)
no, nohara 野原 refers not the the planted fields, but to wild fields and plains, sometimes also translated as moors.
- kigo for all summer -

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冬うらら背丈のそろふ六地蔵
fuyu urara setake no sorou roku jizoo

bright winter day -
the hight of the six Jizo
all the same


みぞうえ綾 Mizoue Aya

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六地蔵の一体目深に夏帽載せ
北野民夫

赤とんぼ集めてをりぬ六地蔵
知崎浩子

三叉路に六地蔵立つ落し水
千原満恵



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- Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - Introduction -

. Pilgrimages to Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - 地蔵霊場 Jizo Reijo .

. Legends about Jizo Bosatsu - 地蔵菩薩 .




. Join the Jizo Bosatsu Gallery - Facebook .



. O-Mamori お守り　Amulets and Talismans .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC List .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 6/09/2015 01:06:00 p.m.