16 Jul 2017

EDO - Taito ward


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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
- - - - - Shitaya and Iriya
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Taitoo, Taitō 台東区 Taito Ward



- quote
Taitō (台東区 Taitō-ku) is a special ward located in Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. In English, it is known as Taito City.
- source : wikipedia

Taito is a rather new name from 1947, combining the old Shitayaku 下谷区 Shitaya Ward and
Asakusaku 浅草区 Asakusa ward. Asakusa and Ueno were rather famous places since the Edo period.

- - - - - Its sub-districts are :
Ueno 上野 
Ameyoko アメ横
Yanaka 谷中 
Asakusa 浅草 
Asakusabashi 浅草橋 

They all have their separate entries in this Edopedia.

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Shitayaku, Shitaya ku 下谷区 Shitaya Ward
One of the original 15 wards of Tokyo (1889).


Shitaya Hirokoji 下谷広小路  Utagawa Hiroshige

. Shitaya Jinja 下谷神社 .
to pray for 円満和合 a happy couple
- and 小野照崎神社 Onoterusaki jinja to pray for 学問芸能 Learning and progress in the arts

. Shitaya Sakamoto Fuji 下谷坂本富士 - Fujizuka 富士塚 mound .
(within the grounds of the Onoterusaki shrine)

. Chokugaku Fire 勅額火事 - October 9, 1698 .
from Surugadai to Shitaya 下谷, Then to 下谷池之端 Shitaya Ikenohata and on to Asakusa.
... Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 and the Shitaya Fire Haiku. Issa lived in Shitaya at that time.


- - - - - Iriya 入谷 - - - - -

- quote -
Iriya / Shitaya Area Guide
Shitaya and Iriya are neighbourhoods just north-east of Ueno Park on the other side of the railroad tracks. Taito Ward is the ward in which the bulk of Old Tokyo remainders can be found. However, it is not only Ueno and Asakusa where some gems can be discovered, the number of small temples and shrines in Iriya/Shitaya is impressive, and it retains the shitamachi feel that is common in several old Tokyo communities. When strolling through the streets, you will see many old houses in between the relics of worship. In particular check the streets around Hoshoji and
手児奈せんべい Tekona Senbei.
The good thing about Shitaya and Iriya are that there are actually no major tourist attractions and it is therefore likely one of the most authentic shitamachi areas in Tokyo. I visited this place at the start of the year, when many Japanese people were doing a 7 lucky gods pilgrimage and I could not spot many tourists. Iriya/Shitaya is just a couple of minutes away from Uguisudani Station on the Yamanote line, which gives easy access to the rest of Tokyo.
One major event in this area of Tokyo
is related to the Iriya Kishimojin (Shingen-ji Temple). Every year in July, the Morning-Glory Festival (Iriya Asagao Matsuri) is held at the temple grounds around Tanabata on 7 July. This festival at Iriya Kishimojin began in the Meiji period after a gardener planted morning glory flowers in various parts of Iriya. It grew to become a festival in which around 120.000 plants are on display, attracting 400.000 visitors over three days. It was organised for the 68th time in 2017.
You might see the name "Shitaya" pop up in the wider neighbourhood as well (such as Shitaya Shrine), as Shitaya used to be the name of a whole ward before the administrative reform of 1936. The same is true for Iriya, which spanned a larger area than is now apparent from the postal address system. ...
- 英信寺 Eishinji Temple -
This temple has a large string of prayer beads (called juzu) in front of its main shrine building that crackles as fireworks when you pull them to pray. It also enshrines Daikokuten, one of the seven lucky gods. Interesting is that if you look at the statue of Daikokuten, it resembles Benzaiten on the right side, Bishamonten on the left side, so you get 3 lucky gods at the same time. The birds they keep at this place are also nice.
- 法昌寺 Hoshoji Temple -
Hoshoji temple sports a huge colorful buddha poster and was very popular as one of the stops on the local 7 lucky gods pilgrimage as it has a small shrine on its grounds dedicated to Bishamonten.
- source : old-tokyo.info/shitaya-and-iriya -




. Iriya Kishimojin 入谷鬼子母神 Iriya Kishibojin .
and the market selling Morning-Glories, asagao ichi 朝顔市
Iriya asagao ichi 入谷朝顔市 morning glory market at Iriya

There is another famous Kishibojin Hall in Zōshigaya 雑司谷鬼子母神堂 / 雑司ヶ谷 Zoshigaya.

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Exhibition 浮世絵でめぐる台東区

浮世絵師が描く江戸のまち



- reference source : city.taito.lg.jp/index -

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- quote -
The Taito-ku Shitamachi Museum
Alan Gleason
One of central Tokyo's 23 wards, Taito-ku contains some of the most historic sites and popular tourist destinations in the entire metropolis -- the museums and zoo in Ueno Park, the Asakusa entertainment district, Sensoji temple with its big red lantern. The area's reputation as an adult amusement mecca extends several centuries back into the Edo period, when it also contained the bustling Yoshiwara red-light district, backdrop to many a Kabuki play and ukiyo-e print.

Over the past century, Taito-ku has gone through some wrenching changes -- leveled by fire twice, after the Kanto Earthquake of 1923 and in the fire-bombings of 1945, then subject to rapid, often indiscriminate postwar development like the rest of the city. Yet the district has managed to hang on to some of the old flavor of the shitamachi once inhabited by plebeian Edoites. It has also displayed sufficient civic pride to build its own museum, with funding and exhibit materials donated by local residents, in homage to the shitamachi culture. ...



Ueno-koen 2-1, Taito-ku, Tokyo
- source : dnp.co.jp/artscape/eng -

. Shitamachi 下町 and Yamanote 山の手 .


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Asakusa Kannon 浅草観音 and temple 浅草寺 Senso-Ji, Asakusadera .
Around the year 1802, a country bump came to Edo for sightseeing. After visiting the Asakusa Kannon he then was on his way back home. On the bank of the river he met a very drunk man who attacked him and killed him . . . at least the man lost his conscience and fell to the ground. When he came back to his senses, he felt for the amulet of the Asakusa Kannon, which he had placed into his breast pocket. The imprint of Kannon had disappeared from the paper. Now he knew that Kannon had taken his place and saved his life.



. More Legends about Asakusa Kannon 浅草観音 .

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akuryoo 悪霊 evil spirit

At the pond 忍ばずの池 Shinobazu no Ike lived the family of 山名勘十郎 Yamana Kanjuro.
. jishin 地震 Legends about Earthquakes .

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amagoi 雨乞い praying for rain

A disciple of 松尾芭蕉 Matsuo Basho, Shinshi, wrote a haiku to pray for rain at the Shrine
三囲稲荷社 Mimeguri Jinja
雨乞や田を見めぐりの神ならば
amagoi ya ta o mimeguri no kami naraba
And indeed, it started to rain after that.

. Takarai Kikaku 宝井其角 / Enomoto Kikaku (1661-1707) 榎本其角 .
Shinshi Ki 晋子忌 Shinshi Memorial Day

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daija 大蛇 huge serpent

The beautiful daughter of the 禁丹屋 Kintan shop had attracted the attention of the huge serpent in the pond Shinobazu no Ike and disappeared in the pond.
Later when part of the pond was filled with land and water became scarce, one beautiful lady was seen coming out of the pond, taking a ride in a wooden cart all the way to a lake in Chiba. and continued to live there.

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okame おかめの 面 face mask of O-Kame san

Once an 鳴物師 instrument maker picked up the mask of おかめの面 O-Kame san. Since he had picket it up, his family experienced a lot of misfortune. And every time before something bad happened, the mask opened her mouth and laughed. He finally broke the mask and burned it in a fire. But even after everything was reduced to ashes, when he turned around the mask was again sitting on the chest of drawers, with an open mouth, laughing loudly.



. Okame, Okamesan おかめ【お亀/阿亀】O-Kame San .

. Narimono no Kamisama 鳴り物の神様 "Deity of Instruments" - Ebisu .

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Taira no Masakado 将門

After the beheading of Masakado, his head flew to the shrine 鳥越神社 Torigoe Jinja, which is located in 東京都台東区鳥越 Taito ward, Torigoe.
. Taira no Masakado 平将門 (? - 940) .

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yuurei 幽霊 ghost

Around 1884 there lived a monk named 霊瞬 Reishun at 三縁山 Sanenzan. He frequently went to the pleasure quarters of Yoshiwara and eventually fell in love with 琴柱 Lady Kotoji. He told her about his miserable life and how all would change if he had some money to get a better job. So Kotoji gave him all her money, made him promise never to go to Yoshiwara again and committed suicide.
When he went back anyway, the ghost of Kotoji showed up and scolded him severely. Now finallyt he changed his easy-going way and later became a high-ranking priest.

. Yoshiwara 吉原 pleasure quarters of Edo .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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- - - - - #taitoward #taitoedo #taidotokyo - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/10/2017 03:41:00 pm

13 Jul 2017

YAKUSHI - TEMPLES - Tama Henro Yakushi Temples



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. Tama Shikoku Henro 多摩四国八十八箇所 Pilgrimage .
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Tama Henro - Yakushi Nyorai Temples

There are 10 temples with Yakushi Nyorai as the main deity in the pilgrimage. They will be introduced here.
As the Buddha of Healing, Yakushi is very popular and his temples are well visited.

. 薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai Bhaisajyaguru .


多摩八十八ヶ所霊場の案内 - homepage reference for each temple
- reference source : tesshow.jp/tama/tama... -

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03 Ikooin 井口院 Iko-In
神竜山 井口院 開空寺
新義真言宗 // 三鷹市上連雀7-26-26 / Mitaka, KamiRenjaku



The temple was constructed on request of 井口八郎左衛門春重 Iko Hachirozaemon Harushige, who was the first developer of the land around the village 石神井村 Shakujiimura. He called 清長和尚 priest Kiyonaga in 1672, who came from 中野宝仙寺 Nakano Hosen-Ji.

- 朱印 - stamp of the temple :


Nr. 70 at 関東八十八ヵ所霊場 Kanto Henro Pilgrimage


- - - - - 不動明王 Statue of Fudo Myo-O


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06 Jooshooji 常性寺 Josho-Ji
医王山 長楽院 常性寺
真言宗豊山派 // 調布市国領町1-2-8 Chōfu-shi, Kokuryōchō

The temple has been erected along the river Tamagawa in the Kamakura period. 祐仙法印 Priest Yusen got a copy of the Fudo statue from Narita and the temple is thus known as
調布不動尊 Chofu Fudo Son

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- - - - - goshuin 御朱印 stamp




Nr. 69 at 関東八十八ヵ所霊場 Kanto Henro Pilgrimage


Hotei of the 調布七福神の布袋尊 Chofu pilgrimage to the Seven Gods of Good Luck.



The seated statue of Yakushi is 二尺五寸 high.
also called Yakuo Nyorai 医王如来.

本堂には、薬師如来(金剛仏・丈二尺五寸)座像が安置されています。
薬師如来は、別名「医王如来」ともいい、医薬を司る仏様として仏の教えを聞き、悟りの道を実践することができるように、多くの人々のさまざまな心身の病を癒してきました。
- source : www.josyoji.jp -

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22 Fumonji 普門寺 Fumon-Ji
大悲山 清涼院 普門寺
新義真言宗 // 府中市宮町3-17-1 Fuchū-shi, Miyamachi

The founding of the temple in not clear, but in 1522 it has ben revived by 惠傳法印 Priest Eden.

The main statue beside Yakushi Nyorai is 観世音菩薩立像 Kannon Bosatsu.

- - - - - goshuin 御朱印 stamp


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25 Hooshooin 宝性院 Hosho-In
泰明山 寶性院 薬師寺 Yakushi-Ji
真言宗豊山派 // 府中市是政2-7-13 Fuchū-shi, Koremasa

Founded about 1660.

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29 Kokubunji 国分寺 Kokubun-Ji
医王山 / 醫王山 Iozan - 西勝院
真言宗豊山派 // 国分寺市西元町1-13-16 Kokubunji-shi, Nishimotomachi

The main statue beside Yakushi in 大日如来 Dainichi Nyorai.
Founded in the Nara period.
The 薬師堂 Yakushi Hall was built later by the 新田氏 Nitta clan.

- - - - - goshuin 御朱印 stamp


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34 Hoojuin 宝樹院 Hoju-In
慈光山 宝樹院
真言宗智山派 // 西東京市泉町2-7-25 Nishitōkyō-shi, Izumichō

Founded in 1711

- - - - - goshuin 御朱印 stamp


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42 Shinpukuji 真福寺 Shinpuku-Ji
龍華山 清浄光院 真福寺
真言宗豊山派 // 武蔵村山市中藤1-37-1  Musashimurayama-shi, Nakatō



Founded in 710 by 行基 Gyoki Bosatsu. The building was lost in 1220 through fire and rebuilt in 1260 by 瀧性法師.

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43 Yakuooji 薬王寺 Yakuo-Ji
医王山 薬王寺
真言宗豊山派 // 青梅市今井1-2520 Oume-shi, Imai



The temple was founded in 1339 by 法相宗の僧良誓.
The statue of Yakushi is said to be made by 聖徳太子 Shotoku Taishi. The 薬師堂 Yakushi Hall was built on request of Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1649.
The temple is famous for its azalea park.

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61 Shoofukuji 正福寺 Shofuku-Ji
今熊山 Imakumazan 正福寺 Shofuku-Ji
真言宗豊山派 // 八王子市上川町377 Hachioji, Kamikawamachi

Founded in 1364 by 重円上人 Saint Choin . The building was lost to fire in 1705 and 1844.
Related to the shrine 今熊神社 Imakuma Jinja.


painting of a dragon


- Legend of Mount Imakuma and 刈寄山 Mount Kariyoseyama in Oku-Tama -


source : toki.moo.jp/gaten..655..

The wife of 安閑天皇 Ankan Tenno (466 - 536), Empress 橘仲皇女 Tachibana no Nakatsu Himemiko, was lost and could not be found. Following a divination of the deities he went to pray at Mount Imakumasan and called out her name. And indeed, he found her. Since that time, the Shrine is famous for helping people to find lost ones and abducted children, by calling out the name of the missing.
yobawari yama 呼ばわり山
Not only humans, all kinds of missing or lost things can be found calling out the name of the item and waiting for an echo to come back.

At the back of the mountain shrine is a stone memorial 天狗の文字 for a Tengu - so maybe - it's this Tengu who abducts humans and takes away things, only to bring them back when called for it properly.
This story relates to the temple 正福寺 Shofuku-Ji and Saint Choin, who had come from 熊野本宮 Kumano Hongu, Wakayama

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今熊神社 Imakuma Jinja



今熊神社遥拝殿 背後の山が今熊山 - 朝日に輝く今熊神社本殿
今熊稲荷明神 Imakuma Inari Shrine
今熊神社中興の祖 鳳明線刻像 Saint Homei
今熊神社のミツバツツジ Rhododendron dilatetum
今熊神社獅子舞 Imakuma Shishimai lion dance


金剛ノ滝 Waterfall - 滝を見下ろす不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
- reference source : kawaguchitengou.sakura.ne.jp/imakumajinnja -

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76 Daigiji 大義寺 Daigi-Ji / Taigi-Ji
龍華山 Ryukazan 大義寺 Daigi-Ji
真言宗智山派 // 八王子市元横山町2-8-4 Hachioji, Motoyokoyamachō



Founded in 1336 by 徳翁法印  priest Tokuo Hoin .
- source : hachibutu.com/daigiji.html -


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. O-Mamori お守り Amulets and Talismans .

. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja - Fudo Myoo .


. 薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai 薬師如来 Bhaisajyaguru - ABC .


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. Tama Shikoku Henro 多摩四国八十八箇所 Pilgrimage .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 7/02/2017 10:45:00 am

11 Jul 2017

DARUMA - Mihara Yassa Daruman Festival


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. Hiroshima . Mihara Daruma 三原だるま - Introduction .
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Mihara Yassa Daruman やっさだるマン 

Mihara Yassa Matsuri 三原やっさ祭り Yassa Festival



quote
The Mihara Yassa Festival is held in front of Mihara Station over a three-day period each summer. This festival, in which a great many revelers enjoy dancing what is called the "Yassa Dance," has a long and storied history. It is said to have begun around the mid-16th century, when Takakage Kobayakawa, a general of the Warring States Period, constructed a castle in Mihara to gain control over the surrounding land and sea and the townspeople celebrated the construction of the castle by singing and dancing throughout the night.

Although the form of the Yassa Dance has gradually changed with the times, the custom of dancing in an unconventional way while singing "Yassa, Yassa" to the accompaniment of shamisen (three-stringed lute), drums and other musical instruments has remained the same here in Mihara. Many of Mihara's local citizens participate in the festival, which is currently held over a three-day period during the "Obon" holiday, timed to welcome the spirits of our ancestors who visit during this period.

Many teams put on Yassa Dance performances in the festival grounds while wearing happi (livery coats) or yukata (summer robes) in a scene so lively that spectators often will jump in and start dancing with them-- everyone can have fun at the Mihara Yassa Festival. With the always effervescent Yassa Dance recently recognized as a distinctive folk dance of Hiroshima Prefecture, more and more visitors are coming to watch with each passing year.


The festival grounds are also lined with street stalls and there are fireworks displays at night. This summer, why not visit Mihara and enjoy participating in this light-hearted and cheerful dance?
source : visithiroshima.net/things_to_do/seasonal_events

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- - - - - Yassa Daruman やっさだるマン

やっさだるマンが,三原市の情報や日々の出来事などを発信しています。
- reference : city.mihara.hiroshima.jp/site -















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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Omamori - Japanese Amulets on 7/08/2017 02:07:00 pm

EDO - nengo era names


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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nengoo, nengō 年号 Nengo, "year name", era name, period name

The system of Japanese era names (年号 nengō, "year name") was irregular until the beginning of the 8th century. After 701, sequential era names developed without interruption across a span of centuries.
..... The system on which the Japanese era names are based originated in China in 140 BC, and was adopted by Japan in AD 645, during the reign of Emperor Kōtoku.
The first era name to be assigned was "Taika" (大化), celebrating the political and organizational changes which were to flow from the great Taika reform (大化の改新) of 645. Although the regular practice of proclaiming successive era names was interrupted in the late seventh century, it was permanently re-adopted in 701 during the reign of Emperor Monmu (697–707). Since then, era names have been used continuously up through the present day.
..... In historical practice, the first day of a nengō (元年 gannen) starts whenever the emperor chooses; and the first year continues until the next lunar new year, which is understood to be the start of the nengō's second year.
- quote : wikipedia -



All the Nengo have a detailed Timeline in the wikipedia:
- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1596 慶長 Keichō

. Keicho no Eki 慶長の役 Fight of Keicho .
Kato Kiyomasa 加藤清 in Kumamoto

Tokugawa Ieyasu founded the Edo Bakufu in Keicho 8.
He passed on the title of Shogun to Hidetada in Keicho 10.
The 鎖国政策 Sakoku policy of closing the land for trade, except for Holland, was introduced in Keicho 14. (1609)
Banning Christianity followed in Keicho 18 (1613).
大坂冬の陣 Osaka Fuyu no Jin, the Winter Siege of Osaka and final victory for the Tokugawa government was in Keicho 19. (1615).

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1615 元和 Genna - also Genwa

Genna 02 - Death of Tokugawa Ieyasu (1616)
- - Summer Siege of Osaka
- - . Buke Shohatto 武家諸法度 laws for the Samurai .
Genna 09 - Tokugawa Iemitsu becomes Shogun

. Unpei fude 雲平筆 Unpei brush - Fujino Unpei 藤野雲平.
made since the Genna period

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1624 寛永 Kan'ei (Kanei)
Empress Meishō, 1629–1643; Emperor Go-Kōmyō, 1643–1654.

Kanei 01 - Spanish trade ships were banned.
Kanei 10 - Japanese were forbidden to travel outside of Japan - Sakoku policy was firmly installed.
Kanei 11 - Building of 出島 Dejima island in Nagasaki.
Kanei 12 - Buke Shohatto Samurai laws became even stricter. 参勤交代 Sankin Kotai visits to Edo were enforced.
Kanei 14 - . 島原の乱 Shimabara no Ran Rebellion .
Kanei 19 - 1642 . 寛永の大飢饉 Great Famine of Kanei .

. Kaneiji 寛永寺 Kanei-Ji - Temple in Ueno .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1644 正保 Shōhō

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1648 慶安 Keian also Kyōan

Keian 06 - 1651 . Keian jiken 慶安事件 The Keian uprising .
- - - Yui Shoosetsu - Shōsetsu 由井正雪 Yui Shosetsu (1605 - 1651)
- - - Marubashi Chuuya - Chūya 丸橋忠弥 Marubashi Chuya (? - 1651)

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1652 承応 Jōō also Shōō; Emperor Go-Sai, 1655–1663.

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1655 明暦 Meireki also Myōryaku or Meiryaku

Meireki 03 - . Great Fire of Meireki 明暦の大火 .
March 2–3, 1657 / 3 Meireki/1/18-19

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1658 万治 Manji
- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

1661 寛文 Kanbun Emperor Reigen, 1663–1687.
- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

1673 延宝 Enpō also Enhō - Enpo
- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1681 天和 Tenna also Tenwa

Tenna 02 - . Great Fire of Tenna 天和の大火 .
January 25, 1683 / 2 Tenna/12/28

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1684 貞享 Jōkyō Emperor Higashiyama, 1687–1709.

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1688 元禄 Genroku

Genroku 11 . Chokugaku Fire 勅額火事 .

. 元禄 Haiku Poets of the Genroku period .

- quote -
This period spanned the years from ninth month of 1688 through third month of 1704. The reigning emperor was Higashiyama Tennō (東山天皇).
..... The years of Genroku are generally considered to be the Golden Age of the Edo period. The previous hundred years of peace and seclusion in Japan had created relative economic stability. The arts and architecture flourished. There were unanticipated consequences when the shogunate debased the quality of coins as a strategy for financing the appearance of continuing Genroku affluence. This strategic miscalculation caused abrupt inflation. Then, in an effort to solve the ensuing crisis, the bakufu introduced what were called the Kyōhō Reforms. .....
- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !



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1704 宝永 Hōei      Emperor Nakamikado, 1709–1735.

Hoei 04 - 1707 . 富士山が噴火 Great Eruption of Mount Fujisan .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1711 正徳 Shōtoku - Shotoku

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1716 享保 Kyōhō Emperor Sakuramachi, 1735–1747.

Kyoho 17 - 1732 . 享保の大飢饉 Great Famine of Kyoho .

Kyoohoo no kaikaku 享保の改革 Kyoho, Kyōhō reforms
- and Tokugawa Yoshimune,
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1736 元文 Genbun

1741 寛保 Kanpō also Kanhō

1744 延享 Enkyō Emperor Momozono, 1747–1762.

1748 寛延 Kan'en

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1751 宝暦 Hōreki also Hōryaku;
Empress Go-Sakuramachi, 1762–1771.

Horeki 10 - . Hōreki Fire 宝暦の大火 Horeki Fire .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1764 明和 Meiwa       Emperor Go-Momozono, 1771–1779.

Meiwa 09 - . Great Fire of Meiwa 明和の大火 .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1772 安永 An'ei (Anei) Emperor Kōkaku, 1780–1817.

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1781 天明 Tenmei

Tenmei 03 - 1783 . 浅間山が大噴火 Great eruption of Mount Asamasan . 浅間山が大噴火
- followed by
Tenmei 03 - . 天明の大飢饉 Great Famine of Tenmei .

Tenmei 04 - 1784 . Tenmei inflation of currency .
and the reforms of Tanuma Okitsugu 田沼意次

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1789 寛政 Kansei
1801 享和 Kyōwa

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1804 文化 Bunka      Emperor Ninkō, 1817–1846.

Bunka 03 - . Great Fire of Bunka 文化の大火 .
- - 江戸神田佐久間町の大火 Great fire in Sakumacho 1829

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1818 文政 Bunsei

Bunsei 12 - . Great Fire of Bunsei 文政の大火 .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1830 天保 Tenpō also Tenhō

Tenpo 03 - 1832 . 天保の大飢饉 Great Famine of Tenpo .

Tenpoo no kaikaku 天保の改革 Tenpo no taikaku Reforms
and Mizuno Tadakuni.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Tenpooreki 天保暦 Tenporeki Calendar
- 天保壬寅元暦 Tenpō jin'in genreki - by Shibukawa Kagesuke
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1844 弘化 Kōka Emperor Kōmei, 1846–1867.

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1848 嘉永 Kaei

Kaei 06 - 1854 . Commodore Perry and the "black ships" ペリー来航 - 黒船 .

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1854 安政 Ansei
1860 万延 Man'en (Manen)
1861 文久 Bunkyū
1864 元治 Genji

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1865 慶応 Keiō

慶應義塾 Keio University
Keio University (慶應義塾大学 Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a Japanese private university located in Minato, Tokyo. It is known as the oldest institute of modern higher education in Japan. Founder Fukuzawa Yukichi originally established it as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo (now Tokyo).
- quote : wikipedia -

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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1868 明治 Meiji - Emperor Meiji, 1868–1912.

- - - Timeline in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- source reference : wikipedia

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/06/2017 10:47:00 am

5 Jul 2017

EDO - jikan time in Edo


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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jikan 時間 time in Edo - Edo no jikoku 江戸の時刻

Many words designating the time of the day, the days of a month and the months of a year are kigo for Haiku.


source : blog.livedoor.jp/hontino/archives...

The circle of time has two hours (a double-hour) for each section.

- - - - - Names of the double-hours from four to nine:
akatsuki kokonotsu 暁九つ=24時、akatsuki yatsu 暁八つ= 2時、akatsuki nanatsu 暁七つ=4時、
akemutsu 明け六つ=6時、asa itsutsu 朝五つ=8時、asa yotsu 朝四つ=10時、
hiru kokonotsu 昼九つ=12時、hiru yatsu 昼八つ=14時、
yuu nanatsu 夕七つ=16時、kuremutsu 暮れ六つ=18時、yo itsutsu 夜五つ=20時、yo yotsu 夜四つ=22時


- - - - - Names of the double-hours according to the 12 zodiac animals;
子の刻(23:00~01:00) ne (nezumi)、丑の刻(01:00~03:00) ushi、 寅の刻(03:00~05:00) tora、
卯の刻(05:00~07:00) usagi、辰の刻(07:00~09:00) tatsu、巳の刻(09:00~11:00) mi、
午の刻(11:00~13:00) uma、未の刻(13:00~15:00) hitsuji、申の刻(15:00~17:00) saru、
酉の刻(17:00~19:00) tori, 戌の刻(19:00~21:00) inu、亥の刻(21:00~23:00) inoshishi


The life of Edo was structured around the hours of daylight and work.
With no street lights, nights were dark and spooks, monsters, demons and other folk populated the streets.

At the top right, Number 2, is Ushimitsu.
At Number 4 it was time for a Daimyo Gyoretsu procession to start moving from Nihonbashi.
At Number 6, Akemutsu, the wooden doors separating each district were opened, shops were opened, public bath houses opened and the theaters and entertainment business started.
Between 6 and 8, the craftsmen went to their place of work.
At Number 14 昼八つ it was time for a food break 八つ O-yatsu (Number Eight).
Between 16 and 18, the craftsmen came back home.
At 18, Kuremutsu, the shops were closed. The evening entertainment at the pleasure quarters in Yoshiwara started.
At Number 20 it was time for children to go to sleep.
At Number 22 the wooden doors separating each district were closed.
At Number 24 the wardens at the wooden doors begun their patrols, especially looking out for fires.

One hour was named hantoki 半刻 "half a double-hour"
30 minutes were names kohantoki (こはんとき), shihantoki 四半時 "quarter of a double-hour"


- - - - - Difference between the summer and winter solstice


source : blog.livedoor.jp/hontino/archives...

At the summer solstice, the day time was longest, at the winter solstice, the day time was shortest.

. geshi 夏至 summer / tooji 冬至 winter solstice.

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. oomagatoki, Ōmagatoki 逢魔時 / 大禍時 "demon dusk" .

. ushimitsu, ushi mitsu 丑三つ時 .
ushi mitsu, the old double-hour of the ox beginning at one o'clock. mitsu signifies the third part of this time slot.
A time when the spirits of the dead and the gods are alive too.
and wara ningyoo 藁人形 straw dolls for curses


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. akemutsu 明け六つ six o'clock in the morning .
- In the Edo Period, the dawn (Akemutsu) and the dusk (Kuremutsu) were set as reference points that divided the day into day and night. Day and night were then each divided into six equal intervals. The length of each interval differed for days and nights and varied with the seasons.
(seiko co jp)

. kuremutsu 暮れ六つ; 暮六つ six o'clock in the evening . .

. The Asian Lunar Calendar - Names of the Months - and
the changing Dates of Japanese Ceremonies



. tokei 時計 history of clocks .
shaku dokei 尺時計 Pillar clock and others


- quote -
Clocks and Time in Edo Japan
A review of Clocks and Time in Edo Japan, by Yulia Frumer.

The logic of mechanical clock faces is seemingly obvious. We look at them several times a day never questioning their rationality despite the mental gymnastics required to discern what the two, sometimes three, apparently uncoordinated hands indicate. So embedded is the clock in our daily life that we use it to describe other movements (e.g. clockwise, anticlockwise) or directions (ever told someone to head in the 3 o'clock direction?) Yet, when in 1551 Oda Nobunaga, arguably Japan's then most powerful warlord, was presented with a clock by the Jesuit Louis Frois, he returned it saying that "it would be useless in his hands" (p. 53).
In this dissertation Yulia Frumer shows that, despite Nobunaga's assertions, Western time-pieces could be very useful indeed. However, their utility could only be achieved by integrating them into early modern Japanese time-keeping practices. In this fastidious deconstruction of technological determinism, Frumer shows that the adoption of Western time-keeping mechanisms led not to a transformation in Japanese time-keeping practices, but rather to a transformation of Western clocks to fit Japanese conceptions of time.
- - - - - Chapter 1 provides an explanation of the differences between Western and early modern Japanese conceptions of time. The Western system of a 24-hour day and solar year had the benefit of seasons falling on roughly the same dates in each year, but the disadvantage of months of unequal lengths that started and ended on different days of the week. In contrast, Edo-period Japanese used a system of 'variable hours'. In this convention inherited from China, the day was divided into 12 'hours' (toki or koku), each designated by one of the twelve animal signs. Six of these 'hours' fell during daylight hours and the remaining six at night. Seasonal variations in daylight meant that an 'hour' could last anywhere from about 77 to 156 'minutes' with daylight and night time 'hours' equal only during the equinoxes. Frumer also shows how time-consciousness was nurtured and regulated centrally through calendar making and locally through the ringing of bells and drums. Far from being at the mercy of climatic divination, Edo-period Japanese were bound by a shared notion of human-regulated time.
. . . . . continue reading :
- source : http://dissertationreviews....Yulia Frumer -

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. 12 Zociac animals 干支  eto, kanshi .



There are 12 zodiac animals, also representing one of the heavenly directions.
They come in the following order:

. ne 子 (nezumi 鼠) Rat (mouse)

. ushi 丑 Ox (cow, bull) .

. tora 寅 Tiger .

. u (usagi) 卯 Rabbit .

. tatsu 辰 Dragon .

. mi (hebi) 巳 Snake, Serpent .

. uma 午 Horse .

. mi (hitsuji) 未 Ram (sheep) .

. saru 申 Monkey .

. tori 酉 Rooster (chicken, cock) .

. inu 戌 Dog .

. i (inoshishi) 亥 Boar (wild boar) .


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Further topics from this source
- reference source : blog.livedoor.jp/hontino/archives -

その1、お江戸の範囲や地図など
その2、江戸の時刻
その3、江戸の通貨
その4、武士、町人の収入、物価
その5、現代より便利だった江戸時代の庶民生活の一端




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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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- - - - - #timeinedo #edotime #edoclocks #akemutsu #kuremutsu - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/04/2017 03:21:00 pm

3 Jul 2017

EDO - Senju district


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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .
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Senju 千住 Senju district
千住 Senju, "one-thousand homes" - the local people call the place "Senji".


千住の大はし Great bridge at Senju
Utagawa Hiroshige

Since traffic passing Senju was busy since the early Edo period, Tokugawa Ieyasu allowed a large bridge to be built over the river 隅田川 Sumidagawa in 1594. It was about 200 meters more upstream than the bridge is now, and the postal station 千住宿 Senju-Shuku was on the North side of the bridge (Kita Senju). Most Daimyo stayed here on their way in and out of Edo, heading North. Providing fresh food for the many travellers was important.
Along the river where also lumber yards, storing the lumber coming downriver in rafts from Chichibu.

Kita-Senju 北千住 North-Senju
Minami-Senju  南千住 South-Senju


- quote -
Adachi-ku, Senju / Arakawa-ku, Minamisenju
Description
There are several theories for the origin of the area name, some say it is related to the 千手 senju (thousand hand) Kannon statue that was located at 勝専寺 Shosen-Ji Temple,
and others say it was related to the fact that the Chiba clan lived there (In Japanese the first character of the name 千葉 "Chiba" can be read as "sen" and "ju" can mean lived, so this could mean something like "place where the Chiba clan lived").


千住花街眺望ノ不二 - Senju kagai yori chobo no Fuji
Katsushika Hokusai

This was the first post station on the Nikko-kaido Road (Oshu-kaido Road) and one of the 4 posting stations of Edo. In 1594 the Senju-ohashi Bridge was constructed on the Arakawa-river (present day Sumida-gawa River), and the area developed as an important place for transportation and travel in conjunction with the construction of the mausoleum of Tokugawa Ieyasu and Tokugawa Iemitsu in Nikko in 1625.
From the Kyoho Era (1716-36) onward, morning markets were held every day in the やちゃば "yacchaba" (yatchaba) within the posting stations, and were as popular as the fish markets of Nihonbashi. The area also supposed Edo's prosperity through water transport as a stopping point on the Kawagoe yofune (Kawagoe evening ships) which linked Kawagoe and Edo in a single evening and transported tourists as well as grain, fuel and fresh fish.
There was an execution ground in Kozukahara on the southern coast, which was known as the area where Sugita Genpaku and Maeno Ryotaku attended the autopsies of executed criminals in 1771.
In 1667, the Ekoin Temple was established in order to hold memorial services for those who died while in prison or who were executed.
- source : ndl.go.jp/landmarks/e...


. Kozukahara, Kozukappara keijō 小塚原刑場 Kozukappara execution grounds .
located near the southwest exit of Tokyo's Minami-Senju Station. ...
and
kubikiri Jizoo 首切り地蔵 Jiso Bosatsu to help the beheaded


There is also a theory about a beauty named 千寿 Senju ("A thousand long lives"), mistress of 足利義政 Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1436 - 1490), who was born in a village here, thus later giving her name to the place.



千住大橋 Senju Ohashi Bridge - - 江戸名所図会 Edo Meisho Zue

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Senjuunegi, Senjuu negi 千住葱 leek from Senju, Senjunegi 千寿葱
They are best when simply grilled over charcoal.



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Kita Senju 北千住 "North-Senju"



source : tomochika0430


Senju shuku 千住宿
first stop on the Oshu Dochu and Nikko Dochu 奥州道中 - 日光道中

. Edo shishuku 江戸四宿 The four most important SHUKUBA out of Edo .

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. tsukegi no ema 北千住 付け木の絵馬 votive tablet on a wooden frame .
made at the shop Yoshidaya 吉田家


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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

行く春や鳥啼き魚の目は泪
yuku haru ya tori naki uo no me wa namida

spring is leaving ..
birds sing and the eyes of fish
are full of tears


Basho at Senju 千住 in 1689, taking final leave from his friends.
Departure 千住 江戸、旅立ち . 3月37日 (now May 16)

. Matsuo Basho, Oku no Hosomichi 奥の細道 .

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. Takebe Soochoo 建部巣兆 Takebe Socho (1761-1814) .
He was one of the leading haiku poets of Edo during his time, together with Suzuki Michihiko 鈴木道彦 and Natsume Seibi 夏目成美.
He was a famous resident of the Senju 千住 district.

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. Kobayashi Issa in Edo 小林一茶 .

早立は千住留りか帰る雁
haya tatsu wa Senju-domari ka kaeru kari

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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- - - - - #senju #kitasenju - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/02/2017 10:58:00 am