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12 Dec 2017

HEIAN - Jigokudani Hell Valley

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .
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Jigokudani　地獄谷 "Hell Valley" -- Jigoku no Tani 地獄の谷

There are quite a few places with this name in Japan, especially in the many regions with volcanic activity and related onsen 温泉 hot springs.

- reference : jigokudani -

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Jigokudani Yaen Koen 地獄谷野猿公苑　Monkey Park
Even the wild monkeys enjoy a hot bath in a hell valley bath tub !

- quote -
The Jigokudani Yaen-koen
(altitude 850 meters) is located in the Valley of Yokoyu River sourced from Shiga-Kogen of the
Joshinetsu-Kogen National Park in northern part of Nagano prefecture.
- source : en.jigokudani-yaenkoen.co.jp -
Nagano Prefecture, Shimotakai District, Yamanouchi, Hirao, ６８４５

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source : MFA Boston

At Hell Valley on Mount Tate in Etchû Province,
Nikushi Dôjin Demonstrates a Battle of Frogs and Teaches Magic to the Two Comrades Yoshikado and Iga Ju
Etchû Tateyama no Jigokudani ni Nikushi Dôjin kawazu kassen no ki o arawashi Yoshikado Iga Ju no ryôyû
「越中立山の地獄谷に肉芝道人蛙合戦の奇をあらはし良門伊賀寿の両雄に妖術を授く」
by Yoshitora 芳虎画

Tateyama Jigokudani 立山の地獄谷

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

地獄谷あるとき群るる赤蜻蛉
jigokudani aru toki mururu akatonbo

hell valley -
sometimes red dragonflies
come in great numbers
Tr. Gabi Greve

岡田日郎 Okada Nichio

. akatonbo 赤蜻蛉 red dragonfly .
- kigo for autumn -

地獄谷くらく鴬老いにけり吉澤卯一
地獄谷ここにもケルン積まれあり塩川雄三
地獄谷すなわち石楠花谷として花谷和子
地獄谷小さき日傘の湧いてきし嶋野國夫
地獄谷老鴬もまた深く聞く藤浦昭代
地獄谷隣合せの大花野菅野一狼
ケルン灼け足奪はるる地獄谷河野南畦

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

................................................................................. Aichi 愛知県　
豊田市 Toyota

. oni no ido 鬼の井戸 the well of the Demon .
igokudani 地獄谷 "hell valley" at the river 田代川 Tashirogawa

tanuki 狸 badger
A farmer had to pass the Jigokudani every evening, and always had the feeling someone was following him.
At the road crossing with three paths there was a strange sound, ザダーン zadaaaan.
People said this must have been the mischief of a Tanuki.

................................................................................. Gifu 岐阜県　
益田郡 Masuta district 小坂町 Kosaka

天狗 Tengu
A person who did some rain rituals at 御嶽山 Mount Ontakesan went to the Jigokudani to give thanks. There is a rock formation named zoo no hana 象の鼻 nose of an elephant. When he passed there a strange being with a long nose could be seen.
And soon after there was a huge storm.

................................................................................. Hokkaido 北海道　

Meet the Demons (Oni) of Hell Valley in Noboribetsu Onsen Hot Spring - Hokkaido
. Oni 登別の鬼　The Demons of Noboribetsu .

................................................................................. Nagano 長野県　
上伊那郡 Kami-Ina district 中川村 Nakagawa

yama otoko 山男 "Mountain Man Monster"
In the North of 大鹿村 Oshika village is a place called Jigokudani. It is a spooky place with many bones of humans and animals.
Once a brave forest worker went there to cut trees. There were many good さわらの木 Sawara trees (Chamaecyparis pisifera), so he built a small hut and started working.
On a full-moon night there was an ominous rumbling in the mountain and something seemed to come closer and closer. Then a huge Mountain Man appeared in front of the hut, threw him the arm of a woman and said "Eat this!"
The man was so shocked and afraid, he made use of the moonlight and fled out of the forest and into his home in the village.

................................................................................. Niigata 新潟県　
西蒲原郡 Nishi-Kanbara district 赤塚村 Akatsuka mura

daija 大蛇 huge serpent
The master of 明かずの池 Akazu no Ike was a huge serpent.

. Legends about ike no nushi 池の主と伝説 the Master of the Pond .

Other legends tell of the master of the pond as
. aka-ushi 赤牛 the red bull / red cow .
The red bull had to flee from the pond and escaped to another one, the pond in Jigokudani.

................................................................................. Shizuoka 静岡県　
静岡市 Shizuoka city

At the back of 臨済寺 temple Rinzai-Ji in Shizuoka city there is a dreadful, scary place called Jigokudani.
If you go there unprepared and not careful, you might die.
During 賎機山の合戦 the battle at Shizuhatayama many people died and their souls came to meet and stay here.
The battle was between the forces of Takeda Shingen and Tokugawa Ieyasu.

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

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- - #jigokudani #hellvalley -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 12/08/2017 10:15:00 am

SHRINES - Yama no Kami 05 Regional legends

Legends with Yamanokami and Sakaki are included below.

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.......................................................................　Aichi 愛知県 .....
豊田市 Toyota

kitsune 狐 a fox
Once a man regularly had the urge to defecate at a place sacred to Yamanokami. Every time as he squatted, he heard a strange sound of petapeta petapeta.
When he came next time, the faeces were gone, someone had eaten them. And sometimes he saw a beautiful young temple acolyte walking by.
Once he peeked between his legs and saw a fox, standing on his front legs, wiggeling with his tail, waiting for the feces - food.

.......................................................................　Aomori 青森県 .....

岩木山の神と鬼 Gods and Demons from Mount Iwakisan (Aomori)
畠山篤 Hatakeyama Atsushi

第１章　
岩木山の神の由来譚の生成― 百沢寺・イタコ・村人の語り（百沢寺が語る岩木山権現由来譚；二つ目の丹後日和の由来；三つ目の丹後日和の由来；丹後日和の背景と変容；イタコが語る"お岩木様一代記"　ほか）
第２章　
岩木山の鬼と水利伝承― 津軽の鬼・山人・大人（鬼・山人・大人伝承の分布と分類；単純型；山幸型；農耕型；鉄器型　ほか）

.......................................................................　Chiba 千葉県 .....
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長生郡 Chosei district 長柄町 Nagara

trees sacred to Yamanokami, not to be cut down in ti town of Nagara
-- tarai no ki タライの木 Ilex latifolia - it is used for funeral equipment.
(tarayoo タラヨウ / 多羅葉)
-- Trees growing near a shrine or place sacred to Inari Sama
-- sakaki 榊 Sakaki tree, Cleyera japonica

Yama no Kamisama 山の神様
The 金比羅 Konpira Shrine is dedicated to Yamanokami. On nights with a full moon the God comes out, has a drink and sings.
Yamanokami is also linked to 天狗 Tengu.

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夷隅郡 Isumi district 御宿町 Onjuku

Yama no Kami San 山の神さん - white horse
Day 19 and 20 of the first lunar month are dedicated to Yamanokami.
Once an old woman went to her mountain anyway when she saw a person on hakuba 白馬 a white horse, wearing red robes and making her terribly afraid. She apologized but suddenly all went black around her. When she came to her senses, people had thrown water on her to wake her up.

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八千代市 Yachio

Yamanokami 山の神
A man named 蜂谷竹吉 Hachiya Takekichi had been spirited away (kamikakushi カミカクシ) by Yamanokami when he was in primary school.
When he came back he had a bruise at his temple and did not remember anything.

.......................................................................　Fukui 福井県 .....
武生市 Takefu town 坂口村 Sakaguchi

白馬 white horse
. Yamanokami brings the first snow .

.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 桧枝岐村 Hinoemata

Yamanokami Sama 山の神様 - Sakaki
Once the ancestors of two hunter families, サルマ Saruma and アラバ Araba were in the mountains hunting bears when they witnessed the female Yamanokami giving birth.
The Araba hunters left the place soon and did not help.
The Saruma hunters made a ritual wand with the Sakaki tree branch to purify the place.
The Araba later ate the meat of the bear, but all died.

.......................................................................　Kochi 高知県 .....

炭焼達 charcoal makers who own only a small mountain forest do not worry about using the Sakaki tree.
But the owners of large mountain forests respect the Sakaki as a "taboo tree".

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幡多郡 Hata district 大正町 Taishocho

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
The Sakaki trees located between the mountain and the valley are the seat of Yamanokami and can not be cut down.
谷榊うね榊　(尾根 une). This tree is an imi-ki 忌み木 "taboo tree".

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中村市 Nakamura town

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
Sakaki trees that have grown very large in the mountain forest are sacred to Yamanokami and not to be cut down.

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土佐郡 Tosa district

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
Once a young man came home from working in the mountain forest when his leg begun to hurt very much. When asking a 太夫 Shaman about it, he was told it was the curse of Yamanokami for cutting down his sacred tree. He apologized and brought sacred branches of Sakaki and kashiwa 柏 oak. At the root of the tree they offered 12 白餅 white mochi rice cakes and buried them under the low branches. After all that, his pain was soon better.

.......................................................................　Kumamoto 熊本県 .....
玉名郡 Tamana district 玉東町 Gyokuto - 木葉 Konoha hamlet

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
The origin of 木葉猿 Konoha Saru 木の葉猿 monkey from Konoha
In the year 723 the tradition started with a monkey as the messenger from the deity Yamanokami. The monkey had a rather red face and a long nose.
His name was given as 真榊の真幸 Ma-Sakaki no Masaki.

meshikui zaru 飯喰猿 monkey eating rice balls

These monkeys are made from special sacred red earth and are all hand-twisted, thus all have an individual touch.
Now they are well-loved amulets to ward off evil and disaster, prevent illness and keep a happy family.

source :　niconiconico

The original kiln in Konoha makes 15 different types of monkeys.
The name of the village was then written like this, meaning
tooth of a tiger 虎の歯（このは）
where refugees from the capital lived. One of them had a dream sent from the deity of
Kasuga Daimyoojin 春日大明神 to use the clay of the local mountain 汝等雨山 and make the monkeys as his messengers.

木の葉猿窯元 Konoha Kiln
〒869-0303 熊本県玉名郡玉東町木葉60

. Mingei 民芸 Folk art from Kumamoto .

.......................................................................　Miyazaki 宮崎県 .....
児湯郡 Koyu district 都農町 Tsuno

白馬 white horse
Once there was a strange sound in the village, カツ、カツ、カツ gatsu gatus gatsu . . .
The young men of the village wanted to find out what this was about so they got up early and hid.
They saw a beautiful strong white horse riding in the morning mist.
This story became quite famous and since the horse usually disappeared in the deep mountain forest, they were sure it was Yamanokami riding it.

.......................................................................　Shimane 島根県 .....
飯石郡 Iishi district

Yamanokami San 山の神さん - Sakaki
At 穴見谷 Anamidani and 大向 Omukai there are special rituals on the 14th,
At 井原谷 Ibaradani there are special rituals on the 16th.
The evening of these days is called ホトホト Hotohoto.
Young men make 藁で馬 horses of straw, calling Hotohoto and throwing one at each home.
This sacred horse is placed on the shelf where Yamanokami is revered.
He is also called Aragami 荒神 Wild God and people place Sakaki branches to appease him.

.......................................................................　Yamagata 山形県 .....
岩野村 Iwano mura village

白馬 white horse
獄山 Takesan at the beginning of the climbing trail at Iwano Village is said to be a place for Yamanokami.
In the 天正 Taisho period, the God became angry, caused a huge mountain slide and earth and sand flow down to the village, covering all.
After the devastation, a white horse was seen riding straight to the sky.

.......................................................................　Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
南都留郡 Minami-Tsuru district 山中湖村 Yamanakako village

白馬 white horse
A Rokubu pilgrim once had a dream of Yamanokami riding a white horse. Yamanokami told him that a man named 楽ジン Rakujin ("easy going" and a kojiki 乞食 beggar-priest's wife had become pregnant.
When he got up next morning, he found the pregnant woman.
The daughter of the beggar-priest eventually married the son of Rakujin and for three years they lived an easy life (raku 楽). Then his parents found out she was the daughter of a beggar-priest, they had to divorce and the girl had to go away to work.
After that, the easy-going Rakujin had no more fun and his life went downhill.

. 六部 Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim .

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Japanese Legends about Yamanokami -
from 愛媛県 Ehime to 山梨県 Yamanashi - will be updated.

source : foshanshuan.pixnet.net/album...
木雕工藝佛具-白馬神駒 - A white horse from China

. uma 馬 koma 駒伝説　horse legends .

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - . Join the Updates of Facebook ! . - - - - -

. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #tanokami -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 8/19/2017 10:00:00 am

6 Dec 2017

KAPPA - Yoki Yokai Demons

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - ABC-List .
. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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yooki 妖鬼 Yoki - Yokai Monster Demon

The Chinese characters indicate beings that are part 妖 Yokai monsters and part 鬼 Oni Demons.
They include human beings that turned into demons
. kijin - onibito オニビト / 鬼人と伝説　"human demon" Legends .

kaii, kai-i 怪異 strange things
another expression often used with Yokai and Demons.

- source : 怪異妖怪伝承データベース　-

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妖鬼化（むじゃら）Mujara
Mizuki Shigeru 水木しげる
Series of 12 volumes, introducing Yoki monster demons.

- quote -
The Life and Death of Shigeru Mizuki
Mizuki was much more than a comic artist. He was a philosopher. A visionary. A bon vivant of the everyday. Japan's most important folklorist since Yanagita Kunio, Mizuki wrote and illustrated an 12-volume series of world folklore called Mujara that earned him membership in the Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology.
- source : Zack Davisson -

. Mizuki Shigeru 水木しげる .

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Yookihi Den 妖鬼妃伝 Legend of Princess Yokihi
美内すずえ Miuchi Suzue

. Yookihi 楊貴妃 Yokihi - Princess Yang Gui Fei .
a famous Chinese beauty

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haku yooki 白妖鬼 The White Yoki
高橋克彦 Takahashi Katsuhito

A historical novel about the Heian period, where special 陰陽師 Onmyoshi demon experts had to protect the capital of Heiankyo.
The hero Yuge no Koreo 弓削是雄 had to go all the way to 陸奥 Mutsu in Tohoku to fight with 烏天狗 Karasu Tengu.

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羅生門の妖鬼 Rashomon no Yoki
Movie from 1956 by Kiyoshi Saeki Kiyoshi

. The Demon of Rashomon 羅生門の鬼 .

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

............................................................................................................ Gifu 岐阜県
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郡上郡 Gujo district

yooki 妖鬼 Yoki - Yoki Demon / 鬼人 Kijin Human Demon

This legend dates back more than 900 years.
. unagi to oni 鰻 the Eel and yooki 妖鬼 the Monster Demon .
Fujiwara no Takamitsu 藤原高光 (939 - 994)
瓢ヶ岳 Mount Fukubegatake (1,159 m)

............................................................................................................ Hyogo 兵庫県

Tengu 天狗 - kaii 怪異 strange things
In the mountains of Tanba 丹波 Tamba the Tengu have their own "road" and if people happen to built a home there, they will be cursed.
The Confucian scholar 伊藤仁斎 Ito Jinsai (1627 - 1705) once built his home there, but every night there was a huge noise and rumbling and he could not live there.
He sold the home to someone who did not know about this (and Jinzai did not tell him either) but - oh wonder - it all kept quiet with the new owner.

- quote -
Itō Jinsai (伊藤仁斎, August 30, 1627, Kyoto, Japan – April 5, 1705, Kyoto),
who also went by the pen name Keisai, was a Japanese Confucian philosopher and educator. He is considered to be one of the most influential Confucian scholars of seventeenth century Japan, and the Tokugawa period (1600–1868) generally, his teachings flourishing especially in Kyoto and the Kansai area through the final years of the Tokugawa shogunate.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

............................................................................................................ Kyoto 京都府

bakemono yashiki 妖怪宅地 home with monsters - kaii 怪異 strange things
In Kyoto there was a home with monsters (化物屋敷 bakemono yashiki). When the owner tried to lend it to someone, ever for very cheap, after 5 or 10 days a Yoki would make its appearance and scare them away.
Once a scholar with a strong mind lived there and for 2, 3 months all kept quiet. Later sometimes when he washed his hands outside in the hand basin, the Yoki would grab his hand, but that was all.

............................................................................................................ Miyagi 宮城県
白井市 Shiroi town 斎川 Saigawa

hitokami-zawa 人噛み沢 swamp biting humans
The 荒沢 Arasawa swamp is West of the swamp 馬主沼 (horse-master swamp).
They say there lives a Yoki which bites humans to death.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
- reference - 妖鬼　-

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. - - - Join the Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #yoki #oniyokai #kaii #strangethings -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 5/14/2017 02:12:00 pm

3 Dec 2017

Tanokami - Yamanokami Inugami Wolf Deity

I use the term Yamainu do refer to the wolf as the messenger of Yamanokami.
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- - - - - Yamanokami has some animal messengers :

. Sarugami 猿神 The Monkey Deity .

. yamainu 山犬 wolf - "mountain dog" .

. inoshishi 猪 wild boar .

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- quote -
Inugami 犬神 "Dog Deity"
Japanese folklore describes Inugami as zoomorphic or anthropomorphic, dog-like beings, often similar to werewolves. They are masters of black magic and similar to the Shikigami.
Like the possession of a fox, kitsunetsuki, it is a spiritual possession by the spirit of a dog, widely known in Western Japan.

. Inugami from Oita 大分県 .

. Inugami and Legends with tofu 　豆腐伝説 .

. NUE, nue 鵺, 鵼, 恠鳥, or 奴延鳥 the Nue monster .
- - - - - The cursed Nue came floating in the sea to Shikoku.
Its head landed in Sanuki and became a monkey deity.
Its tail landed in Iyo and became a serpent deity.
Its hands and feet landed in Tosa and became a dog deity 犬神 Inugami .

. yama-inu, yamainu　山犬、豺 "mountain dog" - wolf .
Legends about the wolf, not related to Yamanokami.

. Wolf Worship in Japan .
Mitsumine Jinja 三峰神社 and other shrines

- under construction
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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin .

.......................................................................　Aichi 愛知県 .....

Yamainu 山犬
In the mountains live Yamanokami (Yamainu) and 天狗 Tengu. Deep mountains and high mountains are their special places and duly venerated.

.......................................................................　Ehime 愛媛県 .....

yama no mamono 山の魔物 monster of the mountain
When building a new home, farmers tried to avoid the foot of a mountain protruding in a plain. This was the living space of the wolf, messenger of Yamanokami and of other mountain monsters.
If someone built a house there, his family would be cursed.

.......................................................................
今治市 Imabari

Inugami 犬神 / イヌガミ
In olden times people have been feeling tsukimono 憑き物 possessed by many things, like a muenbotoke 無縁仏 grave of an unknown person, hebigami 蛇神 Serpent Deity, Inugami 犬神 Dog Deity, 稲荷 Inari the Fox Deity
or even 山の神 Yamanokami.
Possessed by the Serpent Deity they could not speak any more.
Possessed by the Dog Deity they begun to bark like a dog.
Possessed by Inari they begun to eat abura-age 油揚げ fried Tofu.
Once a woman from the village married to a man in a different village, but because her family had a history of possessions, she took that with her and now this kind of possession happened in her new home and village too.

.......................................................................
南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district

Yamainu 山犬 - yosuzume 夜雀 sparrows at night
Once an old woman was coming home from 岩松 Iwamatsu late at night, when Yamainu was surrounded by chirping sparrows. The Yamainu jumped around and made some sound too.

.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....

Yamainu 山犬
At the entrance to 奥の院 the mountain temple people offer eggs, mochi 餅 rice cakes, vegetables or fish.
If they find some of these eaten half-way by a Yamainu, they take the rest and eat it themselves as
o-te tsuita 御手付いだ "he has partaken of it".
At the mountain temple are also votive tablets of Yamainu. They will keep away conscriptions to the army and protect from bullets.

.......................................................................
石城郡 Iwaki district 田人村 Tabito

Yamainu 山犬
In 1883 someone got an amulet from Mitsumine Shrine and put it up. Since then the damage by wolves has subsided.

.......................................................................
相馬郡 Soma district 飯館村 Iitate

Yamainu 山犬
As a messenger of Yamanokami he can hide in small amounts of grass (三寸の草がくれ).
(This expression is also used for brown bears.)

.......................................................................
田村郡 Tamura district 小野町 Ono

Yamainu 山犬
If people walked in the forest in olden times, wolves would come after them, so they hang a hinawa 火縄 glimmering rope from the belt.
There were also many farmers being possessed by Yamainu. But the Yamainu would not bite a human, unless the human was lying on the ground, having fallen down.
If the Yamainu was jumping over a human, he would pee and the urin come into the eyes, making the human almost blind.
So while walking in the mountains, you better look down and do not stumble.

.......................................................................　Gunma 群馬県 .....

碓氷郡 Usui district 松井田町 Matsuida

Yamainu 山犬
The monkey (saru) is also a messenger of Yamanokami, so the word SARU サル was not to be used while working in the mountains.

.......................................................................　Kagawa 香川県 .....

Yamainu 山犬
In the mountains is a road where evil spirits pass (Mashoosuji 魔性筋 Masho, Evil Spirit Road").
Even if farmers are in a hurry and have to take this road, they will hear strange noises. If they pray to Yamanokami for help. a wolf will come along and show them the road.

Yamainu 山犬
Once a man was on his way back home from cutting tobacco leaves, but was very tired. From the place with the sanctuary of Yamanokami a Yamainu was following him until he was back home safe.
If people get lost in the mountains, a Yamainu often comes to lead them to safety.

.......................................................................
仲多度郡 Nakatado district 琴南町 Kotonami

Yamainu san 山犬さん
If people spent the night in a mountain hut but have to go home fast for some reason, they must be careful not to meet monsters on the road.
If they are in peril, they call out
"Yama no Kami san tasukete kudasare" 「山の神さん助けてくだされ」Please, Yamanokami, come and help me!
then two wolves come along and lead him the way home.

.......................................................................　Nagano 長野県 .....

.......................................................................
東筑摩郡 Higashi-Chikuma district 四賀村 Shiga

Yamainu 山犬 - 天狗 Tengu
Tengu as an incarnation of Yamanokami is quite wild, but Tengu is not an ancestor deity.

.......................................................................
北安曇野郡 Kita-Azumino district 小谷村 Otari

Yamainu 山犬 - 天狗 Tengu
The Tengu of this village is a monster with one eye and one leg.
Also called Chinba チンバ (the lame one) in Matsumotodaira 松本平, the Matsumoto plain.

.......................................................................
下伊那郡 Shimoina district, Shimo-Ina 天龍村 Tenryu

Yamainu 山犬
Once a hunter wanted to have a young Yamainu and prayed to Yamanokami. He granted his wish and gave him two puppies.　Once he went hunting but could not find anything, so he made a fire to rest.
He said to the wolves: "I will have a bite and go to sleep here. Since I could not find anything today, you will have to go without food, I am very sorry."
The wolves put their tails in water and extinguished the fire many times. He thought that was strange and climbed on a tree to have a look. He saw the wolves biting into his straw coat on the ground and finally realized they wanted to kill him. So he shot them. Then he prayed for their souls.

O-Inu sama お犬様
At the 太子堂 Taishi-Do temple hall the object of veneration is the skull of a Yamainu. The 村松家 Muramatsu family takes care of the sanctuary. Their ancestor had once shot a wolve and then realizet it was a Yamainu, so he prayed for his soul and handed the custom down in his family.

.......................................................................

Yamainu 山犬 - 六ツ地蔵 / ムツジゾウ Mutsu Jizo - Six Jizo
On the border between Nagano and Aichi there is a memorial mound called Mutsu Jizo (the normal reading is roku Jizo).
This mound is not very old. Once during a strong rain six human skeletons were washed down and then buried and venerated here. The seventh man of this group had survived to tell the story. He had been rescued by a Yamainu showing him the way to the village 三河の富山村漆島 Tomiyama in Aichi.
The Yamainu is venerated in this region as the messenger of Yamanokami.

.......................................................................　Shizuoka 静岡県 .....

Yamainu 山犬
Once a couple was preparing the mountain fields, burning down the bushes. When they took a break, ate their rice and made some tea, they forgot to make an offering of some ears of rice to Yamanokami. That night Yamainu were howling all night around their home. After that, they never forgot to make the offerings.

.......................................................................　Tokushima 徳島県 .....

. Inugami and suikazura スイカズラ / 吸葛 / 忍冬 honeysuckle .

In 徳島県三好郡祖谷山 the Iya valley of Tokushima there is a kind of Inugami monster called Suikazura.
It is said to be a bit larger than a rat and lives in the warmth of the hearth in homes.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. jūni sama 十二様 Juni Sama, "Honorable 12" mountain deities, .

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 11/08/2017 10:14:00 am

30 Nov 2017

TANOKAMI - Yamanokami inoshishi wild boar

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and his messenger, the inoshishi 猪 wild boar

. Ta no Kami, Tanokami 田の神 God of the Rice Fields
and inoko 亥の子 / イノコ / 亥子　the "young wild boar" .

- - - - - Yamanokami has some animal messengers :

. Sarugami 猿神 The Monkey Deity .

. Inugami 犬神　The Wolf Deity .

. inoshishi 猪 wild boar .

.......................................................................

. Misaki ミサキ / 御先 / 御前 / 御崎 Legends about the Misaki deity .
A deity that can bring misfortune or curses (tatari-gami 祟り神).
Yamanokami is also venerated as ミサキさん Misaki san in some regions, especially in Okayama.

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伊吹山の山の神は「白猪」White Wild Boar from Mount Ibukiyama

. Mount Ibuki 伊吹山 Ibukiyama .

Yamato Takeru was a legendary prince and warrior who traveled a lot and defeated his enemies. However, he met his demise at Mt. Ibuki when he battled an evil god disguised as a white boar.
Yamato Takeru defeated the boar, but not before the boar showered him with poisonous mist. He went to Isame no Shimizu in Samegai whose waters healed him.
Then he went on to Ise, but died soon afterward.
- source : photoguide.jp/pix/thumbnails... -

. Prince Yamatotakeru 日本武尊 Yamato Takeru .

..............................................................................................................................................

下河辺行平 Shimokobe Yukihira (around 1180) tried to shoot an Inoshishi, the alter-ego of Yamanokami,
but he missed the shot. He was cursed however and died that night.

Shimokobe Soshi Yukihira was a famous archer who taught archery to shogun Minamoto no Yoriie in 1189.
He was a descendent of Fujiwara no Hidezato, a famous archer of the Heian period.
- Koga Castle 古河城 Koga-jō
The fortification at Koga may date to the late Heian period or early Kamakura period, and the Azuma Kagami refers to a fortification in Koga built by Shimokobe Yukihira before 1180, although it is not certain if it was in this location.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.......................................................................　Ehime 愛媛県 .....

.......................................................................
南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district 城辺町 Shobencho

Yamanokami 山の神 Misaki ミサキ
A member of the Konishi family had killed an Inoshishi and was cursed by Yamanokami.
They had killed an Inoshishi which had destroyed the rice fields in Autumn, dug a shishiana 猪穴 hole to throw in the dead body of a wild boar and were thus cursed.

.......................................................................
南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district 城辺町 Shobencho 　御荘町 Mishocho

shishi misaki シシミサキ "Wild Boar Misaki Deity"
In 城辺町僧都 Tanabe Sozu there is a place called Shishi Misaki.
During the siege of Mount Heiizan in 1571, many people fled via 上岡 Kamioka. A soozu 僧都 high priest prayed and let them flee when a group of wild boar hunters came by. But a child cried and they were arrested and killed.
The priest and the wild boar had been an incarnation of Yamanokami and so the people now call this event Shishi Misaki.

. Misaki ミサキ / 御先 / 御前 / 御崎 Legends about the Misaki deity .

.......................................................................　Gifu .....

猪穴（ししあな） Shishiana and 猪垣 Shishigaki
not related to Yamanokami
星宮神社 Hoshinomiya Jinja
- reference source : sukima.com/08_hida00_02... -

.......................................................................　Hyogo 兵庫県 .....
神崎郡 Kanzaki district 神河町 Kamikawa

山の神の祟り the curse of Yamanokami
On January 9, 1900, a hunter went hunting for Inoshishi. He had forgotten that this was 山神祭 the day of the festival for Yamagami.
When he rested at a spot where wild boars usually pass, one wild boar came trotting along. He took aim and wanted to press the trigger, when suddenly the wild boar became invisible and instead 黒牛 a huge black bull, like a monster, stood there. This beast became bigger and bigger. Going crazy with fear, he fled the spot and ran home, but never recovered.

山神祭 - おやまのかみさままつり O-Yama no Kami Sama Matsuri
. Yama no Kami matsuri 山の神祭り Yamanokami festivals .

.......................................................................　Nagano 長野県 .....

. Monkey and wolf - messengers of Yamanokami .

.......................................................................　Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
富士吉田市 Fujiyoshida

山の神の天罰 divine punishment of Yamanokami
A skilfull hunter almost shot down a wild boar at 富士の裾野 the foot of Mount Fujisan. When the animal came closer, he prayed to Yamanokami to help him win this battle and said it would be the last Inoshishi. And indeed, he could shoot the animal and carry it home. He begun boasting about his "deal with Yamanokami".
But then he went out hunting again and never came home.
When they looked for him, they found him stuck in the snow.
This was the divine punishment of Yamanokami.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. coping with Inoshishi in my mountain area .
October 2017

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #yamanokami #godofthemountains ##inoshishi #wildboar -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 11/04/2017 02:17:00 pm

HEIAN - Yama no Kami Festivals matsuri

. ta no kami matsuri 田の神祭り Tanokami festivals and rituals .
Including some for Yamanokami.
- Fukui, Wakasa no Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り

- Kigo for early winter
. yama no kami matsuri 山の神祭 festival for the god of the mountain .
yama no kami matsuri 山の神祭 festival for the god of the mountain
yama no maki koo 山の神講 prayer group for the god of the mountain
..... yama no koo 山の講（やまのこう）
yama no ko matsuri 山の講祭 festival of the prayer group for the god of the mountain
Held in the winter months at various shrines.
The prayer groups consisted of people who worked in the mountains. They had offerings twice a year, in early spring to open the season and in early winter to give thanks for the year.

Most festivals are held on the day 16 of a lunar month, one day after the full moon
. izayoi 十六夜 (いざよい) moon on day 16 .
In Spring to welcome Yama no Kami to the fields
In Autumn to see him off to the mountain.
Many rituals involve the offering of 16 rice dumplings.

. juuroku dango 十六団子 dumpling offerings for day 16 .

Some dates are given in the old lunar calendar, some in the modern version.

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

............................................................................ Aichi 愛知県

Sanjinsai 山神祭
People carry home some branches with flames from the festival bonfire - and there has never been a damaging fire in the village.
Even if sparks fall on dry leaves or grass, they will not cause a fire.
If people drink ritual sake and mochi rice cakes on top of the mountain to venerate Yamanokami, they will not get ill all summer.

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知多郡 Chita district 南知多町 Minami-Chita

mikigura 神酒倉 storehouse for ritual Sake
In 中洲 Nakasu there are eight families who prepare ritual sake (miki　神酒) for Shinto rituals.
Once there was a huge fire in Nakasu and most of the homes burned to the ground.
But the Storehouse in the middle of the village was spared !

............................................................................ Ehime 愛媛県
上浮穴郡 Kamiukena district 久万町 Kuma

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭
The festival is on the 9th day of June. It is celebrated near a big tree between two villages. To cut down this tree will bring bad luck.
Every month on the 9th day the lumberjacks will not go into the mountain to cut trees.

............................................................................ Fukui 福井県
武生市 Takefu 坂口村 Sakaguchi

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 9th day of January and December. Yamanokami is quite wild and usually brings frost on these days.
Some people have seen Yamanokami to ride past on a white horse on these days.

............................................................................ Fukushima 福島県
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 檜枝岐村 Hinoe

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
If something unfortunate happens in the mountains, the hunters go back to the village and start the festival all over again (matsuri naoshi まつりなおし).
They bring the head and breast bones of a bear as offerings, sometimes even the heart of a bear as a ritual dish for Yamanokami.

............................................................................ Hyogo 兵庫県

. 山の神の祟り the curse of Yamanokami .

............................................................................ Ibaraki 茨城県
西茨城郡 Nishi Ibaraki district 岩瀬町 Iwase

Sanjinsai 山神祭
The day of the festival is the 15th day of the 11th lunar month. The straw rope around the sacred tree is burned. Eating fish grilled at this fire will prevent getting a cold in winter.

............................................................................ Iwate 岩手県
雫石町 Shizukuishi

Yamanokamisama no o-matsuri ヤマノカミ様のお祭り
At the village 南畑 / ミナミハタ Minamihata they have a festival in honor of Yamanokami. They all come together, a furoshiki 風呂敷 cloth wrapper around the head, dancing in the Shrine compound and then fall asleep all together, a custom known as zakone 雑魚寝.
This is also called daki matsuri 抱き祭 festival of embracing each other.
If people do not do it, the growth of asa 麻 hemp will be bad in the coming year.

............................................................................ Niigata 新潟県

. 山の神，猿，犬 Yamanokami, monkey and dog .
The 9th day of February and December are set for rituals of Yamanokami.

.......................................................................
東蒲原郡 Higashikanbara 鹿瀬町 Kanose

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 9th day of February and December.
The 9th day is 山の神の木調べの日 the day when Yamanokami inspects the trees.

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東蒲原郡 Higashikanbara 津川町 Tsugawa

. Yamanokami oroshi 山の神おろし for the festival .
kamioroshi, kami oroshi カミオロシ / 神おろし / 神降ろし "calling a Kami to earth" for an oracle

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糸魚川市 Itoigawa

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
If people go to the mountain on the festival day of the second and 12th lunar month, they will never come back.

.......................................................................
岩船郡 Iwafune district 朝日村 Asahi

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
On February and December. The 12th day is called
山の神の木種蒔きの日 - Day when Yamanokami is planting seedlings of trees
.
On the 12th day of the 12th lunar month, they call a Yamabushi 山伏 mountain priest from 山形県小国町 Oguni village in Yamagata. He puts a sacred rope around the festival altar in the home of the tooya 頭屋 "head of the festival" / 当屋. The men of the village are dressed as shrine acolytes, have their eyes blindfold and hold a ritual wand while the Yamabushi recites the 陀羅尼 Darani Sutra. Next the villagers hit the floor with a stick while chanting the 心経 Heart Sutra. Some kind of oracle is performed, asking about the hunting season and other village affairs.
shiratsuke シラツケ or shiramono tsuke シラモノツケ.
This custom has been abolished in the early Taisho period (1912).

.......................................................................
刈羽郡 Kariwa district 小国町 Oguni

「十二講」まつり Juniko Matsuri

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 12th day of the third lunar month. The people celebrating belong to the juunikko ジュウニッコウ（十二講) Junikko.
Everyone in the village takes a rest. If someone dares to go to the forest, he will be punished by Yamanokami.
Going to the forest on the day before the festival, one has to get a purification ritual from a special priest, 太夫様 Tayu sama.
People who do not follow the Junikko rituals are not allowed to go to the forest in spring to gather firewood.

. juunisama, jūni sama 十二様 Juni Sama - Yamanokami .

.......................................................................
南蒲原郡 Minamikanbara 下田村 Shitada

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 9th day of February and December.
On the ninth day Yamanokami is sowing seedlings 種蒔きの日.
On the 12th day is the New Year for Yamanokami, where he goes 木調べ to inspect the trees.

.......................................................................
三島郡 Mishima district 三島町 Mishima

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
On the 9th day of February and December.
On this day the villagers are not allowed to use saws, sickles, howes and other tools.
Since Yamanokami is a female deity, they never make a knot in the rope around the charcoal hut with the binding of men 男結び.

.......................................................................
中頚城郡 Nakakubiki district 清里村 Kiyosato

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 8th day of February, and also called Miyama ミヤマ "Honorable Mountain".
If there are clouds in the moutain forest on this day, the harvest will be bad.

.......................................................................
佐渡郡 Sado district 相川町 Aikawa

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 9th day of February.
On this day Yamanokami is shooting arrows and nobody can enter the mountain forest.

..............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................ Tottori 鳥取県
岩美郡 Iwami district 岩美町 Iwami

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 9th day of February and October.
On these days Yamanokami walks through the forest and counts the trees. If a human is in the forest, he will be counted as a tree and die.
In the 荒金集落 Arakane hamlet, Yamanokami is giving birth, so nodody can go to the mountain. If anyone does, he will meet monsters and become crazy for the rest of his life.

............................................................................ Toyama 富山県
.......................................................................
氷見市 Himi

Sanjinsai 山神祭
On this festival day, Yamanokami gets drunk and nobody is allowed to disturb him.

.......................................................................
南砺市 Nanto city

Tengu han 天狗ハン Mister Tengu - Sanjinsai 山神祭
On the day of the festival, the charcoal makers take a rest, come together and offer ゴヘイモチ Goheimochi rice cakes and buri no sashimi ブリの刺身 Sashimi of yellowtail to the Tengu.
Once a man went into the forest to cut a tree, but was hit 睾丸 in the testicles by a branch of a tree and died.

.......................................................................
西砺波郡 Nishi-Tonami district 福岡町 Fukuoka

Yamanokami 山の神 / Sanjinsai 山神祭
On the festival day, Yamanokami inspects the mountian and humans are not allowed to go there.
They also should not use tools with blades on this day.

............................................................................ Yamagata 山形県
西村山郡 Nishimurayama district

Yamanokami Matsuri 山の神祭り
The festival is on the 17th day of March. On this day people do not go to the mountain. If they do and happen to meet Yamanokami, they will have bad luck for the rest of their life.

Another festival day for Yamanokami is the 12th day of the third and 12th lunar month.

............................................................................ Yamaguchi 山口県

Sanjinsai 山神祭
The day of the festival is the 26th day of the 2nd lunar month.
People bring yamaimo 山芋 yam as offerings, but they are not allowed to whistle in the compound or underground in the coal mines. To kill a dog was forbidden.
There were other taboos concerning the tankoo 炭鉱 coal mines.

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- - - - - Yamanokami as the protector deity of the coal mines.

古河好間炭鉱山神祭（昭和20年) Koga Yoshima Tanko Saijinsai Festival
Fukushima

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

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sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 11/08/2017 10:24:00 am