Showing posts with label Heian. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Heian. Show all posts

25 Jan 2018

SHRINES - Yama no Kami 08 Regional

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and Legends from Fukushima 福島県




. yama-inu, yamainu 山犬、豺 "mountain dog" wolf legends Fukushima .

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Akagi Myojin 赤城明神 Kami from Mount Akagisan
赤城大明神 Akagi Daimyojin 
4 legends of its own



. 赤城と日光の戦い The fight of Akagi and Nikko .
the huge centipede from Akagi and the snake of Nikko.

. Akagi 赤城山の鬼と榛名山の鬼 Mount Akagi and mount Haruna Demon legends .
(tba)

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Bandai Myojin 磐梯明神 Kami from Mount Bandaisan


- source : Fukushima Furusato -
磐梯明神 Bandai Myojin shrine at the top of the mountain

. Tenaga Ashinaga 手長足長 "long arms, long legs" - monsters .
Once upon a time, there lived Tenaga and Ashinaga on Mount Bandaisan 磐梯山.

- quote -
Mount Bandai (磐梯山 Bandai-san) is a stratovolcano located in Inawashiro-town, Bandai-town, and Kitashiobara village, in Yama-Gun, Fukushima prefecture. It is an active stratovolcano located to the north of Lake Inawashiro. Mount Bandai, including the Bandai heights, belongs to the Bandai-Asahi National Park.
... Sacred Mountains
The Enichi Temple, located on the south-western foot of the Bandai Mountain, is surrounded by mountains where people come to worship; Mt. Bandai (north east to the temple), Mt. Mayadake (north to the temple), and Mt. Azuma (north to Mt. Bandai).
The temple has served a central role in mountain worship because of its location. The Enichi Temple was founded in 807 A.D., one year after Mt. Bandai erupted. Some people[who?] think that there is a connection between the eruption and the foundation of the Enichi Temple. Several routes for visiting Azumayama Shrine have been established, all originating from the main temple of the Enichi shrine.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Enichiji 慧日寺 / 恵日寺 Enichi-Ji .
磐梯町大字磐梯字本寺上4950
and priest Priest Tokuitsu 得一 徳溢

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. Kawakami Onsen 川上温泉 legend .
磐梯町 Bandai Town / 磐梯村 Baidaimura

. Bandai Atami no hariko 磐梯熱海の張り子 papermachee dolls .


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Oyamazumi Jinja 大山祇神社
Okuboko-1445-2 Nozawa, 西会津町 Nishiaizu-machi, Yama-gun, Fukushima

大山神社 Oyama Jinja
Once a farmer was late on his way back from Oyama Jinja and it begun to become dark. He almost lost his way. As he said prayers for divine help, it became all light in front of his eyes and an old man with a white beard showed him the way.
When he followed the path as the old man had told him, he found his way back home!



- Homepage of the Shrine Oyamazumi Jinja
- reference source : ooyamazumi.net ... -

Behind the shrine is a sacred cave. If a couple goes in there, Yamanokami becomes jealous and very angry.


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The 17th day of every month is a day to honor Yamanokami and people are now allowed to go into the mountain forests.
Yamanokami counts the trees and gets angry if disturbed.

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A tree with two or three very large branches is sacred to Yamanokami and may not be cut down.
If someone tries to cut it, he will find divine punishment.
If they need to be cut down, wood cutters have to make an offering of shinshu 神酒 ritual sake rice wine and ask Yamanokami permission to cut this tree.

- More legends about the
. shinboku 神木, shinju 神樹 sacred tree, divine tree .

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If a woman has difficulties giving birth, someone has to lead a horse to the mountain to invite Yamanokami for help. If the horse stops on the way up to the mountain, this means the female Yamanokami has climbed on the horse and is now ready to go down to help.
On the way back if the first person they meet is a man, the baby will be a boy.

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Once a hunter met a woman deep in the mountain forest.
The hunter sensed that this was Yamanokami, who wanted him to stop killing.
So he stopped killing the forest animals and all other animals.

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At the sanctuary for Yamanokami at 四倉浜志津 pregnant women can borrow a special
morokoshi-booki もろこしぼうき maize broom to help with an easy birth (to wipe the child out of her body).
After giving birth, she has to bring it back with special offerings.



. Brooms originated in Shinto Rituals .
Many legends and tales about the broom are related to giving birth.


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会津郡 Aizu district

Yamanokami is called
yoru no hime sama ヨルヒメサマ "princess of the night"


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福島市 Fukushima city

Yamanokami 山の神
An old man living in 屶振 Nataburi forgot to bring an offering to Yamanokami on the 17th day of the 10th lunar month. Next time when he wanted to go to the top of the mountain there came a wolf jumping at him and preventing him from going on. So he went down to a boulder in the valley and made his offering there, begging Yamanokami for forgiveness. This stone is there to our day.

Offering aburage アブラゲ fried tofu to Yamanokami makes him happy and the food is gone by next morning.

If someone experiences a calamity in the mountains, it is said to be the punishment of Yamanokami.

If there is a boulder having fallen down and making a road impassable, a prayer to Yamanokami will help to move the stone.

On the first day of the New Year and the 17th day of the second and tenth lunar month people are not allowed to go into the mountain forest. These are the days when the female Yamanokami comes down to the village. The 17th day of the second lunar month is the date for 山の神の祭日 the Yamanokami festival.

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. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin legends .


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福島市 Fukushima city 飯坂町 Iizaka

While walking and working in the mountain forest, it is not allowed to sing or recite サンサしぐれ / さんさ時雨 the Sansa Shigure, a folk song from Miyagi, dating back to 1589 and the warlord 伊達政宗 Date Masamune.
One must also try not to cough.

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Yamanokami no tomari ki 山の神の止まり木
A tree with three trunks at the top of the mountain is sacred to Yamanokami and is never cut down. Yamanokami likes to sit and rest on this tree.
Once a man from 南郷村 Nango village tried to cut such a tree, but died as the tree fell heavily on him.


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石川郡 Ishikawa district 平田村 Hirata

Once a man wanted to make charcoal, but his ax fell down every time he tried to cut a tree. This was the doing of Yamanokami.
Another man begun to sing while making charcoal, but was told by Yamanokami to stop because he had made an error.
Yamanokami if fond of folk songs, so people should not sing while working in the forest.


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いわき市 Iwaki town

On the first day of the 10th lunar month, all the Kami take off to 出雲 Izumo to have a rest and celebrate. This is called
kantachibi カンタチビ in the local dialect.
In the Iwaki region however, Kamadogami 竈神 the Kami of the kitchen hearth and Ebisu 恵比寿神 stay back where they always are.

. kannazuki, kaminazuki 神無月 かんなづき "gods-absent month" .

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石城郡 Iwaki district / いわき市 / 田人村 / 田人町 Tabito village

If Yamanokami rides a horse, the poor animal will sweat very very much.

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nihon tsuno no aru hebi 二本角のある蛇 serpent with two horns
Just a few years ago, from under a rock in the shrine for Yamanokami there came a serpent with two horns.
This must be the messenger of Yamanokami! It was placed in alcohol and can be seen to our day.


ツノクサリヘビ / 角鎖蛇 Tsuno kusari hebi



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郡山市 Koriyama 湖南町 Konanmachi

Takaiharayama no kamisama 高井原山の神様
Once there was a war. The Kami from Takaiharayama came flying to help. But he bumped into the rock エボシ石 Eboshi Ishi and cut his habaki はばき leg protection and thus could not go.
So the villagers built the shrine 高井神社 Takai Jinja and made offerings to these leg protections.

Mount Takaiharayama / Takaibarayama, 981 (969) m high.



高井神社 Takai Jinja
Kōriyama-shi, Konanmachi Miyo, Teranomae / 福島県郡山市湖南町三代寺ノ前



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南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district

. juuniyamagami 十二山神 Juni Yamagami .
Juni Yamagami is seen as husband and wife.

In Hinoemata village, hunters have to make ablutions with cold water and say prayers to the 十二様 Juni-Sama deities every morning before leaving their mountain huts.

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南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 檜枝岐村 Hinoemata

Yamanokami koo 山の神講 prayer group for Yamanokami
All the menfolk from 18 to about 30 years take part in this group. Twice a year in Spring and Autumn, they gather at the home of the village head, bring food offerings, hang a scroll of Yamanokami and burn lights until the next morning. They eat rice cakes and drink a lot of sake 酒 rice wine.

If there has been a misfortune in the village, they have to start all the rituals again
matsuri naoshi まつりなおし .
The hunterns and tree cutters have to go down to the village to take part in the new rituals. Sometimes they bring a head or breast bones of a bear as offerings. In that case the heart of the bear is shared as a special food treat with Yamanokami at his festival, matsuri no sakana 祭りの肴.
Sometimes the liver is also eaten as an offering.
The kidneys and breast meat is put on sticks, grilled and eaten. This is called
Yamanokami no shishi 山の神のしし.

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kijiya 木地屋 wood workers making tools and toya are called やまうど(山人)yamaudo, yama-udo "mountain people". They celebrate in their prayer group on the first day of the New Year and the tenth month, each time in a different home of the members. They also have a feast. In former times women were not allowed to join the groups, but recently they may come and help with the cooking and kitchen work.
Before going to work, day pray to Yamanokami, まつりたて Matsuritate.
They also make mochi 餅 rice cakes and grill them on sticks, putting miso paste on them to eat.

At the kariba 狩場 hunting place, hunters have to venerate Yamanokami on three days:
first day はつこば hatsu koba
third day みっかのさび mikka no sabi
seventh day 七日さび nanoka sabi

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ooshida no ki おおしだの木 huge Shida fern tree
Branches of this tree are cut and used as ritual wands for the festival of Yamanokami at the hunter's place.

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oo-oni 大鬼 huge Oni Demon
At a flat place named 五十人小屋場 "a hut for 50 people" in the mountain forest, hunters erected a hut. At night a strange monster with three nails begun to scratch at the hut. The leader of the hunters made ablutions in water and prayed to Yamanokami. Thus the monster left.
The next morning at the well there was a huge monster with a very large head, as huge as a large cooking pot.
The leader felt he had not enough power to cope with this, renounced to be leader and left for the valley. The others also voted to go down with him.
On the way down they met a mother with her child, trying to climb up. They asked her to stay away from the mountian, but she refused and went up, never to be seen again.

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サルマ Saruma and アラバ Araba
Once the ancestors of two hunter families, サルマ Saruma and アラバ Araba were in the mountains hunting bears when they witnessed the female Yamanokami giving birth.
The Araba hunters left the place soon and did not help.
The Saruma hunters made a ritual wand with the Sakaki tree branch to purify the place.
The Araba later ate the meat of the bear, but all died.

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. okoze 虎魚 / オコゼ stonefish offerings for Yamanokami .


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南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 南郷村 Nango village

Yamanokami is seen as female.
.
Once a mother went to a diviner, because her young son was very ill.
The shaman told her she should pray to the Yamanokami of mount 大宮鉱山 Omiya Kozan, which had been a mine, closed about 40 years ago.
The mother did as told and her son got well, could graduate from school and find a job.


- reference source : ja7fyg.sakura.ne.jp/kouzan... -


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相馬市 Soma town

. Hayama Jinja 葉山神社 Hayama Shrine .
shintaku 神託 oracles, divination / 黒沼神社 Kuronuma Jinja, Matsukawa, Kanezawa

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oonyuudoo 大入道 Onyudo monster
Oncxe an Onyudo monster sat high in an old Japanese oak acorn tree (nara 楢),
A farmer shot at it with a gun. At the first shot he had no hit. After a few more shots he also did not have the feeling of a hit.
He asked a hooin 法印 Buddhist priest for advise. He told him the Onyudo was maybe attracted by Yamanokami.

. Oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster - Introduction .


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耶麻郡 Yama district 高郷村 Takasato mura

miko ミコ shrine maiden
Once in a family in 西羽賀 Nishi-Haga their child fell from the river bank and died.
They asked a shrine maiden for an oracle to find the reason why this happened.
Part of their farm land was a place where Yamanokami used to be venerated. Since they had not gone there to pray, this was his punishment.
Since then every year on the 19th day of the 9th lunar month, they go praying at this place.

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A hoo no ki 朴の木 Magnolia hypoleuca tree with three trunks is sacred to Yamanokami and is not to be cut down.
Other large Magnolia trees of this kind are also sacred to him, If they need to be cut down, wood cutters have to make an offering of shinshu 神酒 ritual rice wine and ask Yamanokami permission to cut this tree.



. shinboku 神木, shinju 神樹 sacred tree, divine tree .

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説 .

from Gifu 岐阜県 to 山梨県 Yamanashi - will be updated.

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

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sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #fukushima #bandaisan #hayama -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 8/20/2017 11:00:00 am

17 Dec 2017

KAPPA - Todaiki Candlestick Oni


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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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toodaiki, toodai ki 灯台鬼 Demon with a candlestick 


鳥山石燕 Toriyama Sekien


- quote -
Tōdaiki "spirit candlestick"
... According to Sekien, long ago, a government minister named Karu no Daijin was sent on a mission to Tang China. This was a period of great movement of culture and ideas between China and Japan, so nothing is strange about that. However, when the envoy failed to return to Japan long after they were overdue, the minister's son, Hitsu no Saishō, began to worry.

Hitsu no Saishō traveled to China to search for his missing father. He traveled far and wide, and in one particular location he came across something he had never seen before: a tōdaiki — a candlestick fashioned out of a living human being! By some combination of strange drugs and sorcery, the man's ability to speak had been removed. His body was covered in tattoos, and a large candle had been placed in his head. He had been installed on a fancy little stand like a piece of furniture.

As Hitsu no Saishō looked in puzzlement at the strange sight, the human candlestick began to shed tears. Unable to speak, the man bit into he tip of his finger until it began to bleed. He scrawled out a few characters in his own blood. Upon reading them, Hitsu no Saishō realized in horror: the tōdaiki was his own father who he had come to China to search for!



The people involved in this story are real.
Hitsu no Saishō was the nickname of Fujiwara no Arikuni, a Heian period noble who lived from 943-1011 CE. Although the story about the tōdaiki is a fabrication, it's an interesting example of where fact and folklore intersect. Because this early urban legend involved real people who were well known to educated readers, it gives the story much more weight.
- source : matthew meyer -

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藤原有国 Fujiwara no Arikuni (943 – 1011)


南条範夫 Nanjo Norio
How he found the ningen toodai 人間燈台 "human candlestick"

- quote -
The Sudden Death of Fujiwara no Sukemichi, his Son Arikuni's handling of the Death Rites;
The Debate at Emma's Palace
- Religions of Japan in Practice -- By George Joji Tanabe
- source : books.google.co.jp -


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鬼百合や蛍火とぼす灯台鬼
oniyuri ya hotarubi tobosu toodaiki

tiger lily -
a candlestick demon glows
like a firefly



- On a summer evening, the tiger lilies in the late sunshine glow almost like candlestick demons.

. Kitamura Kigin 北村季吟 . (1625 - 1705)

. oniyuri 鬼百合 tiger lily, "demon lily" .
Lilium lancifolium - kigo

. hotarubi 蛍火(ほたるび) firefly glow .
kigo for mid-summer




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- reference - 灯台鬼 -

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 12/12/2017 02:05:00 pm

KAPPA - Misakayama Yamanashi Oni


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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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Misakayama 御坂山と鬼伝説 Oni Demon Legends - Yamanashi
Mount Misakayama is 1,568 m high.
Kawaguchi, Fujikawaguchiko, Minami-Tsuru District, Yamanashi



Misaka Sanchi 御坂山地 Misaka mountain range
and lake Shoojikoo, Shōji 精進湖 Lake Shojiko, Lake Shoji
Lake Shōji is the one of the Fuji Five Lakes and located in southern Yamanashi Prefecture near Mount Fuji.
- photo - wikipedia -


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- quote -
Misaka Tooge 御坂峠 Misaka Toge Pass
is one of the great view spot of Mt.Fuji in Yamanashi Prefecture. It is 1310m high. There is great tea house called Tengachaya (天下茶屋) where you can eat great Hoto and drink green tea. Matsutake is also one of the famous menu in this tea house. There are couple of hiking courses reached the spot for view of Mt. Fuji. 
- source : mustlovejapan.com... -




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Misakayama Onigadake no Oni 御坂山 鬼ヶ岳の鬼


source : toki.moo.jp/gaten.. gate632...

Mount Onigadake has a rock on its top which looks like the tsuno 角 horn of an Oni.
In former times two wicked Oni used to live on this mountain.
The mountain priest 役行者 En no Gyoja banned these two with a special paralyzing spell, 不動金縛り Fudo no Kanashibari. They could not move any more and eventually became aware of their bad deeds.
The demons changed their ways and became famous disciples of En no Gyoja:
. Zenki 前鬼 and his wife Goki 後鬼 .



The legends about En no Gyoja and the two demons, Zenki and Goki are told in many mountain regions of Japan.


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .


............................................................................ Yamanashi 山梨県
東八代郡 Higashi-Yatsushiro district 御坂町 Misakacho

At the graveyard, a bluish fire-light was seen every night. The villagers were afraid, thinking it was the soul of a villager and did not even dare to pass the road during daytime.
玉吉 Tamakichi wanted to see it for himself and went out one evening, carrying 地神の魂の扇 a hand fan with the soul of the Jigami in one hand. When he reached the graveyard, he could see the bluish light. While fanning with his hand fan he went closer. The ground of the grave was still fresh so Tamakich started to dig, found the coffin bound with a cord and pulled it up.
But it was not a coffin but a hookei 包茎 (the dictionary says: a phallus with phimosis).

. chijin 地神 Kami of the Earth / the Land .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 12/14/2017 09:59:00 am

KAPPA - Kukiyama Yamanashi


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Kukiyama 九鬼山の鬼伝説 "Mountain with Nine Demons"
Legends from Yamanashi 山梨県




Mt. Kukiyama is one of Yamanashi's 100 famous mountains. It is 970 m high.
The view via Kukiyama to Mount Fujisan is splendid.
The mountain is not so high and can be climbed in about 1 hour.

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. Kōshū Kaidō 甲州街道 Koshu Kaido Road .
The Highway from Edo via Kofu to Suwa


- reference source : free-age.jp/bridgestone-

There are various legends along the Koshu Kaido.
Even Momotaro, the Peach Boy, was here!
This story is basically fun with the pun words.
桃太郎伝説もある甲州街道

From the mountain in the North of the road, called 百蔵山 Momokurayama (momo 百 is a pun with momo 桃, the peach) the peach came rolling down the river. It was picked up at 鶴島 Tsurushima (Tsurukawa) in 上野原 Uenohara. From this peach Momotaro was born. When he grew up, he got his helpers, the dog from 犬目 Inume, the 雉 pheasant (bird) from 鳥沢 Torizawa and the monkey from 猿橋 Saruhashi.

They went to Mount 九鬼山 Kukiyama (Mountain of the nine demons) in 大月南方 Otsuki-South
and to Mount 岩殿山 Iwatonosan, Iwadonosan in 大月北方 Otsuki-North to drive away the demons.
One of the demons was wounded and bleeding, so now at the shrine 子神神社 Nenokami Jinja there can be found red soil, remains of the demon's blood.


- reference source : ymnco2.sakura.ne.jp/me/onitue -

The red soil, used for a stone wall in the shrine compound, had to be demolished in 2003 due to the danger of collapsing.

. Momotaroo 桃太郎 Momotaro the Peach Boy .


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Dōshi town 道志 - 九鬼山の伝説


source : toki.moo.jp/gaten.. gate 369...

Once upon a time there lived nine bad demons on Mount Kukiyama.
They stole the food and Sake from the villagers.
And then came Momotaro to drive them out, as told above.

kuki 九鬼, クキ is also written 久木, a geological term referring to a low mountain.


百蔵山 Momokurayama
is a mountain where the famous Yamanashi peaches are grown. It is about 1,003 m high.



..............................................................................................................................................


Another legend tells of the nine Demons having a quarrel among themselves and drove out some
Aka-Oni 赤鬼 Red Demons.
They fled and begun to live on 岩殿山 Mount Iwatonosan, 634 m.
Again they disturbed and pestered the farmers and eventually Momotaro came to get them. He killed them all and their blood tainted the earth around all red.
Their tears became the river 浅利川 Asarigawa, which eventually flows into the river 桂川 Katsuragawa.

Now it is a region famous for its cherry trees and azaleas.



..............................................................................................................................................


oni no tsue 鬼の杖 Bisquits of the staff of an Oni
flavored with sansho 山椒 "mountain pepper"
speciality from 大月市 Otsuki city






. sanshoo 山椒 "mountain pepper .
(Zanthoxylum piperitum)


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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 12/14/2017 01:13:00 pm

SHINTO - Yama no Kami 06 Regional


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and Legends from Ehime 愛媛県




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山の神硝子工房 Yamanokami Glass Factory
360 Tamagawacho Koya, Imabari, Ehime Prefecture 794-0115 / 愛媛県今治市玉川町高野360



- reference source : yamanokami-glass.jimdo.com -


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Yamanokami Kosenjo 山の神古戦場 - War Landmark in Matsuyama
799-2468, Ogawa, Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture 799-2468



In memory of a battle in 1179, remembering Minamoto no Yoritomo 源 頼朝 (1147 - 1199) and 河野通清 Kono Michikiyo (? - 1181).
Michikiyo killed himself 大松 under a huge pine tree.
The tree lasted until 1965, when it dried of old age.


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ツール・ド・玉川 - 山の神降臨 Tour de Tamagawa - Yamanokami Korin



An event to enjoy the villages, gorges and peaks of Japan.
The tour is 68 km long and climbs to an altitude of 1604 m.
- reference source : cyclesports.jp/depo... -


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....................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県 .....


. Yama no Kami matsuri 山の神祭り Yamanokami festivals .
山の神の火祭り Yamanokami Fire Festival at 内子町 Uchiko

. Yamanokami and okoze 虎魚 / 鰧魚 / オコゼ stonefish .
. Yamanokami and yamainu 山犬 wolf .


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On the first day of the New Year, farmers are not allowed to go to the mountain forest or the fields.
On the 20th day of the New Year, Yamanokami comes out and again farmers do not go to the mountain forest.
On 盆の16日 the 16th during the O-Bon rituals for the ancestors it is taboo to go fishing.
On doyo no ushi no hi 土用の丑の日 (a day in mid July) the special dog day of Doyo
it is taboo to make 味噌 Miso paste.

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今治市 Imabari city

. muenbotoke 無縁仏 graves of the unknown pilgrims .
and their spirits possessing humans

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今治市 Imabari 玉川町 Tamagawa

Yamanokami no Shoogatsu 山の神の正月 New Year of Yamanokami
The ninth day of the first lunar month is the "New Year of Yamanokami".
If people go to the mountain forest for work, they will met with divine punishment.
They also make special offerings to Yamanokami.
Every month on the 9th day there is a taboo of cutting down trees.

This "New Year of Yamanokami" is also celebrated in 新潟県 Niigata.


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浮穴郡 Kamiukena district 久方町 Hisakata-cho

Yamanokami gets angry easily and curses peopole.
The old mountain hag, 山姥 Yamanba, is an incarnation of Yamanokami.
But she also brings a good harvest if venerated properly.


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喜多郡 Kita district

shiroi mizu 白い水 white water
Deep in the mountain there is Yamauba Jinja 山婆神社, often called バアサン Baa-San and also shrine Oyamatsumi Jinja 大山祇神社, where Yamanokami is venerated.
There is a huge boulder with two small caves. On the right cave ヤマノジサ Yama no Jisa (Grandfather) is venerated, on the left side ヤマノバサ Yama no Basa (Grandmother).
In olden times there was white water coming out from a hole between 山の爺さん Grandfather and 山の婆さん Grandmother. (They used this hole to talk to each other, says the legend.)
The water has been sent to the prefectural government for analysis and found to be quite healthy. So many people came here to get it. The water was also known to cure ear diseases, help weak children and grant an easy birth.
They said the water was white because Grandmother uses it daily to wash her rice.
Nowadays there is just normal water flowing there and if bad people come, it stopped flowing.
Grandfather was also called 金時さん Kintoki San.

. Yamanba, Yamauba 山姥 / 山婆 Yamanba "mountain hag" .

- - - - -

If Yamanokami talks to a person, they should not try to argue with him.
In the hamlet 帯江 Obie there is a small sanctuary above the home of the 中村氏 Nakamura family, where Yamanokami is venerated.

- - - - -

Ashi nashi tengu 足なし天狗 Tengu without feet
On the left of the sanctuary for Yamanokami there is a rock called 足なし天狗の足休めの岩 "Rock where the Tengu without feet rests his legs"
Once a forest worker was cutting a tree the rock when he had the feeling someone was stomping on his head repeatedly. He got angry and swung his ax in the space above his head - and indeed cut off the feet of the Tengu. The Tengu was not clever enough to sense what the man was up to so he got his legs cut off.
The Tengu in this region are also seen as a kind of kaze no kamisama 風の神様 God of the Wind.

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .



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松山市 Matsuyama

The 12th day of the 12th lunar month was called
hate no hatsuka 果ての二十日 the final day 20 .
This is an evil day. To avoid angering Yamanokami, people should not enter a mountain.
In former times victims used to be beheaded on this day.
In 怒和 Nuwa it is called ミテの二十日 mite no hatsuka.
It is taboo to go to the forest or go fishing or to cut material to make robes.
At 大浦 Oura it is the day of the festival for Yamanokami.
On this day it is taboo to go to the forest.

. hate no hatsuka 果ての二十日 the final day 20 .

- - - - -

On the 20th day of the first luner month, people prepare a special meal for Yamanokami. If the smoke of the fire while preparing this food comes to the eyes, the person will go blind.

. Yama no Kami matsuri 山の神祭り Yamanokami festivals .
西条市 Saijo and others


.......................................................................
南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district

14 families who did not venerate Yamanokami were cursed and their houses burned down.
When they asked a Shaman about it,
It seems they had chopped vegetables and left them on the stone hearth (ishiguro 石グロ), which is the living quarter of the Deity.

- - - - -

. shishi misaki シシミサキ "Wild Boar Misaki Deity" .


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西条市 Saijo

inu hito sanjin 犬人三神 "Two Dogs and one man as three deities"
At a small sanctuary at 川来須 Kawagurusu the person 伊藤綱次郎 Ito Kojiro is venerated as a deity.
Once upon a time there was a famous hunter in Kuwagurusu, who could throw a spear skillfully. He went hunting with his two beloved dogs, one white and one black. He was attacked by a bear and killed.
The two dogs decided to take revenge for their master, killed the bear and then killed themselves.
This episode is remembered as "Two Dogs and one man as three deities".
Kojiro is now venerated together with Yamanokami as the protector of the area. If someone walks past and happens to see the two dogs, he must return home fast, otherwise he will have bad luck.

- - - - -

Yamanokami no ki 山の神の木 The Tree of Yamanokami
If someone tries to cut down this kind of tree, he will be cursed, get all red in the face and almost faint.
He has to turn to the Northern direction fast, sit down and be fanned with a mino 箕 straw coat three times to get better.

. shinboku 神木, shinju 神樹 sacred tree, divine tree .


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四国中央市 Shikoku Chuo Town 富郷町 Tomisato

Yamanokami no ki 山の神の木 The Tree of Yamanokami
It is not allowed to cut a tree of Yamanokami. The huge trees at the top of the mountain are resting places for the local Tengu and if cut down, the person will be cursed.
A bifurcated tree with two stems is called heigushi ヘイグシ(幣串) "Shinto purification wand" and it is strictly taboo to cut down such a tree.



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周桑郡 Shuso district 丹原 Tanbara  小松町 Komatsu

Tengu 天狗 at mount Ishizuchisan 石槌山
Once a man took off early in the morning to be the first to climb Mount Ishizuchisan, when a man carrying a young boy on his shoulders came down the path, all clad in white robes.
They greeted each other and when the man turned around a moment later to observe the two climb further down, they were already gone. It must have been Yamanokami, who did not want a human to be the first in the morning on the mountain, who got angry. So he had asked his disciple, the Tengu, to interrupt the man on his climb.

. Hōkibō 法起坊天狗 Tengu Hoki-Bo, Hokibo .
石鎚山法起坊 / 石槌山法起坊 - Ishizuchizan Hoki-Bo

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説 .

from Fukui 福井県 to 山梨県 Yamanashi - will be updated.

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- - - - - . Join the Updates of Facebook ! . - - - - -


. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

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sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #tanokami #ehimeyamanokami -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 8/19/2017 03:30:00 pm

12 Dec 2017

GOKURAKU - Yakushi and oni Demons Legends


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yakushipedia - ABC-Index 薬師如来 .
- Shichibutsu Yakushi 七仏薬師 - see below
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Yakushi Nyorai and Oni Demon legends 薬師如来と鬼伝説


source : イスム谷中店 twitter


Yakushi with the lantern-carrying demons
. 天燈鬼 Tentoki and 龍燈鬼 Ryutoki .


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .


............................................................................ Aichi 愛知県
名古屋市 Nagoya 熱田区 Atsuta

. 高蔵不動院 Takakura Fudo-In .
"Festival of the Demons of Yakushi Nyorai 大薬師の鬼祭"





............................................................................ Mie 三重県
熊野市 Kumano

The samurai 小栗判官 Oguri Hangan had been given poison by his enemies and turned almost into a gaki 餓鬼 hungry demon. Yakushi Nyorai appeared in his dream and told him to go to Yunomine Hot Spring to be healed.

. Oguri Hangan 小栗判官 Legends .
Yunomine Onsen 湯の峰温泉 and Oguri Hangan - 和歌山県 Wakayama



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Shichibutsu Yakushi 七仏薬師 Seven Yakushi Statues


............................................................................ Kyoto 京都府
与謝郡 Yosa district 野田川町 Nodagawa

muchi yakushi 鞭薬師 "whip Yakushi"
麻呂子親王 Prince Maroko Shinno carved seven statues of Yakushi Nyorai and offered them to 天照大神 Amaterasu Omikami with the prayer of help to drive out the Demons of the Oeyama region.
A white dog 白い犬 showed him a cave where he could carve the statues.
The third son of 用明天皇 Emperor Yomei (518 - 587), 金丸親王 Prince Kanemaru Shinno, is also known as
麻呂子親王 Prince Maroko Shinno or 当麻皇子 Prince Taima no Miko.
Many legends about this prince are found in the region of 福知山 Fukuchiyama.
Some are related to 吉田氏 the family Yoshida which is now known as 鞭氏 Muchi family.

After carving the statues he was powerful enough to drive out the 鬼神 Kijin Demons.
The demons hid in a cave called

鬼の岩屋 Oni no Iwaya.

Maroko had victory over the three demons at 大江山 Mount Oeyama:
英胡 Eiko, 軽足 Karuashi and 土熊 Tsuchiguma

The three demons 英胡 Eiko, 軽足 Karuashi and 土熊 Tsuchiguma
They lived with their subordinate Demons in the region of Fukuchiyama.
Two of these three, Eido and Karuashi, had been captured and almost killed by the army of Maroko.
Tsuchiguma had been captured alive. He came forth and asked for all Oni to be pardoned.
Prince Maroko had one condition:
"You have to build seven temples, for each of the seven statues of Yakushi Nyorai, in one night!"
The Oni had no difficulty in building these temples and where then banned to
立岩 Tateiwa, a huge boulder at the end of 丹後半島 Tango Peninsula.




The old Temple 無量寺 Muryo-Ji has kept written documents of these events.
京都府福知山市字筈巻963 / 963 Hazumaki, Fukuchiyama-shi, Kyōto

At 雲原 Kumohara there is a valley called 仏谷 Hotokedani, where Prince Maroko prayed for power to drive out the Oni and carved the seven Yakushi statues.
Other temples in Fukuchiyama with legends about Prince Maroko are
長安寺 Choan-Ji / 577 Okunobe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto
and
願来寺 Ganrai-Ji / 794, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto

The three Oni may be related to the three elements 「火」fire 「風」wind and 「水」water -
necessary elements for the production of iron with tatara bellows, and thus have been sword smiths.
Maybe this is also the reason why Maroko is called 金丸親王 Kanemaru or 金屋皇子 Kanaya (metal hut) in this region.

The Chinese character 胡 in the name of demon 英胡 Eiko might be related to the 胡族 Ko clan from China, famous for their metal making technology.
Other place names in Fukuchiyama which might be related to metal manufacturing are
魔谷 Matani "Devil's valley"(大江町北原)
and
火の谷 Hinotani (valley of fire) - 福知山市天座


. Ooeyama Oni Densestu 大江山鬼伝説 Demon Legend of Mount Oeyama .
related to Saka Doji 酒呑童子 a Sake Yokai Monster .
Shuten-dōji 酒呑童子 Shuten Doji 酒顛童子, 酒天童子, or 朱点童子

. Takadono tatara 高殿鑪 Metal making in ancient Japan .

. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神の伝説 Oni Deity Demon Legends .


- The Three Legends of Defeating the Oni in Mt. Oe
Prince Maroko - Shuten Doji - Hikoimasu no Kimi and the demon 玖賀耳之御笠 Kugamimi no Mikasa
- source : city.fukuchiyama.kyoto.jp/event... PDF file -


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- quote -
Emperor Yōmei 用明天皇 (Yōmei-tennō, 518 – 21 May 587)

was the 31st Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Yōmei's reign spanned the years from 585 until his death in 587.
..... Because of the brevity of his reign, Emperor Yōmei was not responsible for any radical changes in policy, but his support of Buddhism created tension with supporters of Shintoism who opposed its introduction. .....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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丹後の七仏薬師 Seven Yakushi Temples of Tango
- reference : geocities.jp/k_saito_site -

七薬師伝説 The seven temples with Yakushi Legends

1 - 施薬寺 Seyaku-Ji -- 善名称吉祥王如来 
1369 Taki, Yosano, Yosa District, Kyoto (与謝野町) ・桓武天皇勅願所、旧根本寺

2 - 清園寺 Seion-Ji -- 宝月智源光音自在王如来
(福知山市大江町) - 略縁起と縁起絵は府の指定文化財

3 - 元興寺 Gango-Ji -- 金色宝玉如来
(京丹後市丹後町) 竹野郡 Takeno district

4 - 神宮寺 Jingu-Ji -- 無憂寂勝吉祥如来
(京丹後市丹後町)・・麻呂子親王のものと伝わる墓がある

5 - 等楽寺 Toraku-Ji -- 法界雷音如来
(京丹後市弥栄町) Yasakacho Torakuji, Kyōtango

6 - 成願寺 Jogan-Ji -- 法界勝恵遊戯神通如来
(宮津市) Miyazu city

7 - 多禰寺 Tane-Ji -- 薬師瑠璃光如来
(舞鶴市) 346 Taneji, Maizuru, Kyoto
用明天皇勅願所 Built on request of Yomei Tenno
西国薬師第三十番霊場 Nr. 32 of the Saikoku Pilgrimage to Yakushi Temples


There are other temples claiming to be related to the seven Yakushi statues

円頓寺 Endo-Ji (京丹後市久美浜町 Tango Kumihamacho)
月光寺 Gekko-Ji (廃寺 not existant any more, 、京丹後市大宮町 Tango, Omiya)

- reference source : hirase.sakura.ne.jp/s1/oni -


.......................................................................




Busshoji 仏性寺 Bussho-Ji, now 如来院 Nyorai-In
in 大江町 Oe-cho village. It is close to the Oni no Koryu Hakubutsukan 鬼の交流博物館 Demon Museum.
Hidden in the statue of Yakushi Nyorai is a small statue said to be Maroko himself.
The name of the temple is also 鎌鞭山 Kamamuchizan - referring to the event when Maroko made offerings of the weapons used to capture the demons:
kama 鎌 sickle and muchi 鞭 whip

The name of the temple derives from Bussho-Ji of 高野山真言宗如来院 Nyorai-In at Mount Koyasan.
It is also famous for the legends of Minamoto no Yorimitsu driving out the demons of 大江山 Mount Oeyama.
There is also the
. Onigajaya, Oni-Ga-Chaya 鬼ヶ茶屋 Tea stall of the Demons .

After 1916, 黄銅鉱・磁硫鉄鉱 various metals like brass and pyrrhotite iron were found in the region.

. 源頼光と坂田金時 Minamoto Yorimitsu and Sakata Kintoki .


. Inage 稲毛七霊場 - Seven Yakushi Temples in Yokohama and Kawasaki .

. Akamon Shichibutsu Yakushi Do Hall 赤門七佛薬師堂 .

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shichibutsu Yakushi 七仏薬師 / 七佛薬師 Seven Yakushi statues - the Aura of Seven

- quote -
Lit. seven Buddhas of healing.
Seven manifestations of Yakushi 薬師 or the Master of Healing, said to reside in realms to the east of our world.
They were thought to be efficacious in appeasing the revengeful spirits of fallen political figures implicated in social calamities.
The names in Japanese are as follows (in order of progressive distance from our world):
Zenmyoushou kichijouou 善名称吉祥王, Hougatsu chigon kouon jizaiou 宝月智厳光音自在王, Konjiki houkou myougyou jouju 金色宝光妙行成就, Muyu saishou kichijou 無憂最勝吉祥, Hokkai raion 法海雷音, Hokkai shoue yuge jinzuu 法海勝彗遊戯神通, and Yakushi rurikou 薬師瑠璃光 (this last corresponding to the full name of Yakushi).
First mentioned in the fourth and latest extant Chinese translation in 707 of the YAKUSHIKYOU 薬師経 (Sk:Bhaisajyaguru-sutra, or Scripture of the Master of Healing) a text devoted to the cult of the Buddha Yakushi. In Japan they are represented either by seven independent images or, more frequently, by six or seven figurines attached to the halo of Yakushi sculptures. Popularity and worship of the Seven peaked in the late 8c and 9c.
Today the ritual service dedicated to them Shichibutsu Yakushi-no-hou 七仏薬師の法; first recorded to have been performed by Tendai prelate Ennin 円仁 in 850 survives only in the Tendai 天台 sect, where it is counted as one of the four major rituals shika daihou 四箇大法 of the "Mountain School" Sanmon 山門 or Mt. Hiei 比叡 branch.
- source : JAANUS -




source : The Sumitomo Foundation.

The central statue is 128.1cm, the ones to the right and left are 84.4 - 88.4cm
Made from katsura カツラ / 桂 Japanese Judas tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum.
They are in the temple hall 赤沢薬師堂 Akazawa Yakushi-Do, Iwate.
They date back to the Heian period and the 藤原氏 Fujiwara clan in Hiraizumi.

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- reference source : matumushidera -

Matsumushidera 松虫寺 Matsumushi Temple
千葉県印西市松虫 / Matsumushi, Inzai, Chiba 270-1602
Its statue is 七仏薬師 瑠璃光如来 Yakushi Ruriko Nyorai.

松虫姫伝説 - Legend of Princess Matsumushi

The temple has been founded in 745 on request of 聖武天皇 Emperor Shomu Tenno by 僧行基 Priest Gyoki Bosatsu.


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. Yakushi Nyorai - - by Gabi Greve .

Shichibutsu Yakushi 七仏薬師 Sieben Yakushi-Statuen
In der Tendai-Sekte gibt es eine Form der Verehrung des Yakushi in seinen sieben Inkarnationen ( 七仏薬師法 Shichibutsu Yakushiho). Dabei bitten die Gläubigen vor allen Dingen um Heilung von Krankheiten und um eine leichte Geburt.



Eine große und sechs kleine einzelne Statuen des Yakushi Nyorai mit jeweils sieben kleinen Verkörperungen im Nimbus. Entsprechend dem Sutra der sieben Yakushi-Buddhas (Shichibutsu Yakushikyoo).
Diese Stauten werden bei Fürbitten für die Heilung von Krankheiten und um einfache Geburt besonders angebetet.
Diese sieben Figuren haben dann als Inkarnationen des Yakushi eigene Bezeichnungen :



1 Zenmyooshoo Kichijoooo Nyorai 善名称吉祥王如来 Zenmyosho Kichijo-o Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is A - 梵字:ア
The name of his paradise is 光勝国.




2 Hoogetsu Chigonkoo Onjizaioo Nyorai 宝月智厳光音自在王如来 Hogetsu chigonko Oniizaio Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is RA - 梵字:ラ
The name of his paradise is 妙宝国.




3 Konjiki Hookoo Myoogyoojooju Nyorai  金色宝光妙行成就王如来 Konjiki Hoko Myogyo Joju Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is BAA - 梵字:バー
The name of his paradise is 円満香積国.




4 Muyuu Saishoo Kichijoo Nyorai  無憂最勝吉祥王如来 Muyu Saisho Kichijo Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is SHIRA - 梵字:シラ
The name of his paradise is 無憂国.




5 Hookai Raion Nyorai  法海雷音如来 Hokai Raion Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is DAA - 梵字:ダー
The name of his paradise is 法幢国.




6 Hookai Shooe Yuugijintsuu Nyorai 法海勝慧遊戯神通如来 Hokai Shoe Yugi Jintsu Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is A - 梵字:ア
The name of his paradise is 善住法海国.




7 Yakushi Rurikoo Nyorai  薬師琉璃光如来 Yakushi Ruriko Nyorai
His Sanskrit letter is BEI - 梵字:ベイ
The name of his paradise is 浄瑠璃国.


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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. Yakushipedia - ABC-Index 薬師如来 .

. Yakushi Nyorai - Legends from the provinces .

. Yakushi Nyorai Pilgrimages 薬師霊場巡り - Introduction .


. O-Mamori お守り Amulets and Talismans .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC List .


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 12/08/2017 09:39:00 am