HEIAN - Sennin Ho-On Daishi

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2018/04/sennin-hoon-daishi.html

Sennin Hoon Daishi

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. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Hoo-on Daishi 報恩大師 Ho-On Daishi
報恩大徳 Ho-on Daitoku

He is Nr. 15 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .

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He was a monk in the Nara period.
Not much is known about him.
He was born in 備前国津高郡波珂, now 岡山市北区芳賀 Kaga, Okayama city.
Other sources quote he was born in Nara prefecture.
At the age of 15 he became a monk at the temple 法華経寺 Hokekyo-Ji , now 岡山市北区日応寺 Nichio-Ji in Okayama city.
He took on the name of 快賢芳賀坊 Kaiken Kaga-Bo .
At the age of 30 he went to 大和吉野山 Mount Yoshinoyama and later to the temple 山城国清水寺 Kiyomizudera.
There he learned how to jump freely up to the clouds in the sky.

Together with 摩訶上人 Saint Maka Shonin he organized 備前国内に四十八ヶ寺 the Pilgrim Route to 48 temples in Bizen on behalf of 孝謙天皇 Emperor Koken (718 - 770). The Emperor had fallen ill in 752 and wanted to something special to get better.
Ho-On founded the temple 報恩山子嶋寺 Hoonzan Kojimadera in Nara.
He died in 795, maybe at 千手山 Senjusan at Mount Hoonyama, where he had founded the temple
弘法寺 Kobo-Ji in Okayama
In the back of Kobo-Ji is a hall in honor of Ho-On, 報恩大師堂.
Okayama Prefecture, Setouchi, Ushimado Senju




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報恩大師　開基備前　48寺 Bizen Pilgrimage in honor of Ho-On Daishi
備前国四拾八ケ寺領并分国中大社領目録（金山寺文書・文禄４年ｰ1595）
- List and photos of all the temples
- reference source : s_minaga/bizen48... -


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報恩山子嶋寺 Hoonzan Kojimadera
Nara Prefecture, Takaichi District, Takatori, Kangakuji, 544


source : wikipedia

- quote -
Kojimadera Temple
One of the sacred sites of the Kannon Bodhisattva in western Japan, said to have been founded in 760, this temple followed Tsubosakadera and Hasedera in prosperity during the Heian period. Its gate, a secondary gate of Takatori castle relocated here, is the only portion of the castle buildings to survive.
When the head priest said prayers to cure the illness of Emperor Ichijo and he healed completely, he was granted as reward the Mandala of the Womb Realm scroll, which is a designated National Treasure.
The scroll is in the custody of the Nara National Museum, and a replica hangs in the temple's image hall, where it can be publicly seen.
- source : city.kashihara.nara.jp... -



- quote -
Kojima mandara　子島曼荼羅 / Also read Koshima mandara.
A pair of Mandala of the Two Realms *Ryoukai mandara 両界曼荼羅 in gold and silver paint on dark-blue twill originally kept at Kojimadera 子島寺 in Nara. but now preserved at the Nara National Museum. Also known as Tobi mandara 飛曼荼羅 or Hikou mandara 飛行曼荼羅 (flying mandara). The Matrix mandala *Taizoukai mandara 胎蔵界曼荼羅 is 349.1cm X 307.9cm in size and the Diamond World mandala *Kongoukai mandara 金剛界曼荼羅 is 351.3cm X 297.0cm.
According to the temple tradition, Shinkou 真興 Shinko (934-1004), who restored Kojimadera during the late Heian period, was given these two mandala by the emperor Ichijou 一条 during the Chouhou 長保 era (999-1004), and they remained treasured possessions of the temple until recent times. Iconographically they differ markedly from orthodox versions of the Ryoukai mandara as transmitted by *Kuukai 空海 (774-835): for example, the 16 deities of the Auspicious Aeon gengou juurokuson 賢劫十六尊 are missing from the Vanquisher of the Three Worlds, Gouzanze-e 降三世会 in the Kongoukai mandara, while in the Taizoukai mandara the positions of Tenkuraion 天鼓雷音 and Kaifukeou 開敷華王 in the Chuudai hachiyouin 中台八葉院 have been intercanged and the number of deities in the Soshitsuji-in 蘇悉地院 has been increased to 16.
It is generally considered that they date from around the Chouhou era when they are said to have been given to Shinkou but there are some scholars who place the date of their execution in the early Heian period. They are at any rate an unusually early example of the Ryoukai mandara, and because they are also in an extremely good state of preservation, they have been designated national treasures.
- source : JAANUS -


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Senjusan Kobooji 千手山 弘法寺 Senjusan Kobo-Ji - Okayama



- HP of the temple
- reference source : nerikuyo.com -

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

................................................................................. Okayama 岡山県　

金山寺 Temple Kinzan-Ji
Once upon a time, at the temple Kinzan-Ji there lived a huge toad and a huge serpent.
They used to fight all the time, but thanks to the spiritual power of High Priest Ho-On they stopped.
Now this fight has become a round of "tug of war" with a huge rope at the temple festival.



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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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SENNIN - Yosho Immortal

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2018/04/sennin-yosho.html

Sennin Yosho

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Yooshoo Sennin 陽勝仙人 Yosho Sennin

He is Nr. 18 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .

He was born in 869 in 能登ノ国 Noto no Kuni (now 石川県北部（能登半島） Ishikawa, Noto peninsula) in the early Heian period. He was very merciful, he gave his robes to people who had none, he gave his food to people who had nothing to eat. He let the mosquitoes drink his blood.

His mother once had a dream about a strong light and then became pregnant with Yosho. The child was very clever and never forgot anything he had heard or learned. At age 11 he was sent to 比叡山 Mount Hieizan in Shiga and became a disciple of priest 空日律師 Kunichi Risshi. He almost never slept during this time.
Later he went on to Yoshino and practised austerities at 金峰山 Kinpusan (Nara prefecture).
In winter he stayed at temple 六田の牟田寺 Muden-Ji. But there was not much food and he spent days just eating one grain of millet.
At around 80 years of age he became a Sennin.
He slept without a blanket even in winter, he jumped on the smoke of incense and made it to heaven as he pleased.
He went on to other sacred mountains.
To 大峰山山上ヶ岳 Sanjogatake (1719 m) in Yoshino.
To the temple 竜門寺 Ryumon-Ji in the 洞川集落 Dorogawa hamlet.
His movements were fast and he could fly in the clouds.

Through his supernatural power he knew about the coming death of his father, He jumped on the roof of his parents home and begun to recite the 法華経 Hokekyo Lotus Sutra.
When the family went outside to have a look, there was no one to be seen.

He always came down from the sky to take part of the 不断念仏 fasting rituals at Mount Hiezan.

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Yosho, the Super Hermit
能登出身の仙人
- with literature references
- reference source : geocities.co.jp/une_genzaburo/Youshou... -


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陽勝仙人弟子仙　/ 陽勝弟子童 Hijiri, disciple of Yosho
陽勝仙人の弟子の仙（ひじり）

He is Nr. 19 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .


- quote -
Hijiri, 仙 / 聖 (Japanese: "holy man"),
in Japanese religion, a man of great personal magnetism and spiritual power, as distinct from a leader of an institutionalized religion. Historically, hijiri has been used to refer to sages of various traditions, such as the shaman, Shintō mountain ascetic, Taoist magician, or Buddhist reciter.
Most characteristically hijiri describes the wandering priest who operates outside the orthodox Buddhist tradition to meet the religious needs of the common people.
- source : britannica.com... -

Koya hijiri 高野聖 "mendicant priests from Mr. Koya"


Sengai Gibon 仙厓義梵 // 聖福寺 Shofuku-Ji

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陽勝寺 Yosho-Ji
浄土真宗本願寺派
岐阜県揖斐郡大野町大瀬古小辻142 / Gifu Prefecture, Ibi District, Ono,

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. Mount Hieizan, Hiei-zan 比叡山 .
Shiga prefecture

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日本奇僧伝
宮元啓一



Introducing special priests of Japan

異能の人（役小角)
行基
陽勝 - Yosho
仙人群像 Group of Sennin
反骨の人（玄賓)
性空
叡実
増賀
西行）
隠逸の人（空也)
教信
理満
千観
平等
東聖
徳一と行空
- reference : chikumashobo.co.jp -


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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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SENNIN - Kyotai Osho Miidera

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2018/04/sennin-kyotai-osho.html

Sennin Kyotai Osho

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Kyootai Osho 教待和尚 Kyotai Osho, Priest Kyotai

He is Nr. 14 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .


教待堂 Kyotai Do Hall
at temple Miidera, Shiga, Otsu.

He was an old priest taking care of Miidera until priest 智証大師 Chisho Daishi came to the temple.
In the Kyotaido Hall in honor of Kyotai there is a statue of the priest.



After Chisho's arrival, Kyotai went into a cave and did not come out again.
Later Chisho Daishi put up a stone memorial on the cave.

Since olden times, people who come here to become a monk have their hair cut and offer it on the altar of this hall.
- reference -


. Miidera, Mii-dera 三井寺 Temple Mii .


. Chisho Daishi 智証大師 / 智證大師 / Enchin 圓珍 / 円珍 .
(814 - 891) nephew of Kobo Daishi

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. oshoo 和尚　priest - Introduction .

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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SENNIN - Gyoei Koji

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Sennin Gyoei Koji

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Gyooei Koji 行叡居士 Gyoei Koji

He is Nr. 13 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .

The dates of his life are not clear. He was a monk, maybe living in the Asuka or Nara period.
He lived in a hermitage in the 東山山麓 Higashiyama Mountain range in 山城国愛宕郡八坂郷 Yasaka, Atago district of Yamashiro no Kuni.
In 778 priest 延鎮 Enchin came to visit him.
Gyoei gave Enchin a precious piece of wood and soon after he left for the Eastern Provinces and was not seen again.
Enchin was involved in the building of temple 清水寺 Kiyomizudera, together with Sakanoue no Tamuramaro.



清水寺　観音像　Kiyomizu Kannon

- quote -
It was said that Kiyomisu Dera was found by a Nara monk named Enchin who practiced asceticism in 778.
He met a Buddhist old recluse called Gyoei Koji while wandering nearby Otowa-ni-taki waterfall, to look for a site with a golden stream to build a temple, after being inspired in a dream.
Gyoei told him that he was a devotee to Kannon Bodhisattva and had been waiting for him to come as he was to leave. He presented the monk a piece of wood and left.
Monk Enchin soon found a pair of sandals on top of the hill and realized that the old hermit was a Bodhisattva.
The monk Enchin later created an image of eleven headed thousand armed image of Kannon and carved it on the sacred log given to him by Gyoei, and built a little hut to house it.
One day, General Sakanone Tamuramaro (758-811) happened to pass by the waterfall when hunting a deer. He met Enchin. Seeing him killing a deer and carrying it in hand, the monk delivered him a Dharma talk and lectured him with merciful teaching of Kannon Bodhisattva. General Tamuramaro repented and became a pious disciple to Enchin, devoted and in faith to Kannon. He donated a proper hall to enshrine the image of Kannon by dismantling his own house and in year 794, he contributed to the master
The Emperor's old residence that was gifted to him after the emperor built a new palace when moved to Kyoto. The building was made into the main shrine hall of the temple.
- source : ANICCA -

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. Kiyomizu-dera 清水寺 Kyoto .


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .



. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 .
(758 - 811)
conquering the Emishi (蝦夷征伐 Emishi Seibatsu) in Tohoku.


................................................................................. Fukushima 福島県　
田村郡 Tamura district 三春町 Miharu

kinma 木馬（きんま) "wooden horse"
Tamuramaro fought against the local tribesman, 大多鬼丸」（大滝丸） Otaki Maru, who lived in a cave at 大滝根山 Mount Otakine san (1,192 m).
延鎮上人 Saint Enchin had carved the statue of Kannon at temple Kiyomizudera and from the left-over pieces of wood had carved 鞍馬 100 wooden horses with saddles and sent them to Tamuramaro. Tamuramaro put the horses in his armor and left for Tohoku. When he was in a pinch fighting, all of a sudden 100 horsemen came out and helped him fight at Mount Otakine.
When he returned in triumph, the horses had disappeared from his armor.
One day later, one of the wooden horses was found all sweating at 高柴村 Takanomura village near 三春 Miharu. A man named 杵阿弥 Kiami realized it was one of the wooden horses given by Enchin and out of piety he carved the other 99 anew.
Three years later, the one horse became missing. The family of Kiami still preserves the memory of the wooden horses.
When they gave a horse to a family with an ill child, the child got well very soon. Now the horses are a kind of amulet for bringing up healthy children in Miharu.



People kept them as talismans for an easy birth of their horses.
They also build statues of a Kannon with a horsehead (Bato Kannon) at the entrance of their villages to protect their animals.

. Miharu koma 三春駒 horses from Miharu .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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PERSONS - Udagawa Yoan

http://darumapedia-persons.blogspot.com/2018/04/udagawa-yoan.html

Udagawa Yoan

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Udagawa Yooan, Udagawa Yōan 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan
(1798 - 1846)



- quote
a 19th-century Japanese scholar of Western studies, or "Rangaku". In 1837, he published the first volume of his Introduction to Chemistry (舎密開宗 Seimi Kaisō), a compilation of scientific books in Dutch, which describes a wide range of scientific knowledge from the West. Most of the Dutch original material appears to be derived from William Henry's 1799 Elements of Experimental Chemistry. In particular, the book contains a very detailed description of the electric battery invented by Volta forty years earlier in 1800. The battery itself was constructed by Udagawa in 1831 and used in experiments, including medical ones, based on a belief that electricity could help cure illnesses.

Udagawa's Science of Chemistry also reports for the first time in details the findings and theories of Lavoisier in Japan. Accordingly, Udagawa made numerous scientific experiments and created new scientific terms, which are still in current use in modern scientific Japanese: e.g., "oxygen" (酸素 sanso), "hydrogen" (水素 suiso), "nitrogen" (窒素 chisso), "carbon" (炭素 tanso), "oxidation" (酸化 sanka), "reduction" (還元 kangen), "saturation" (飽和 hōwa), "dissolution" (溶解 yōkai) and "element" (元素 genso).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Tsuyama Archives of Western Learning　津山洋学資料館


- reference source : tsuyama-yougaku.jp -

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Udagawa Yoan and Coffee




The origin of the Chinese characters for coffee 珈琲


- reference source : nsh-s.com/wp... -

蘭学者で津山藩医の宇田川榕菴
In Okayama there was a school for rangaku 蘭学 Dutch learning of the West.
One of the masters there was 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan.
He knew the Dutch word ｋｏｆｆｉｅ and introduced the Kanji for it.
There are now sometimes memorial services in a temple, where coffee is offered to the ancestors and the visitors
- but in tea cups of the time.

. Coffee, Kaffee and Haiku .


津山藩主松平家菩提所 天崇山 泰安寺 Taian-Ji

Offering Coffee at the temple
. 泰安寺 Taian-Ji .

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Mead, Mede in the Edo Period in Japan ミード / 蜂蜜酒　
During a recent research an essay was found in the Archives of Western Learning in the city of Tsuyama in Western Japan. One of the doctors working for the local feudal lord, Yudagawa Yoan (1798-1846), had studied European medicine and even introduced coffee to Japan.
He has written the following report about Mead, which he called MEDE:
Mead is an alcoholic beverage created by fermenting honey with water.
- Read the details here :
. Gabi Greve .


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He also distinguished four different types of onsen 温泉 hot springs
salt, sulfur, alkali and plain hot

榕菴の温泉試説
Yoan wrote about 諸国温泉試説 different types of hot springs when he was 29 years old.
榕菴はまず色や臭いを観察し、自ら飲んで味も確かめます。それからホクトメートル（浮き秤）を使って比重を測定し、薬品や熱を加えてその反応をこと細かに記録しました。
- reference source : tsuyama-yougaku.jp... -

- source : iloveyu.jp/type-of-hot-springs... -


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- Reference - 宇田川榕菴 -
- Reference - Udagawa Yoan -

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HEIAN - Sennin Kisen Hoshi

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2018/03/sennin-kisen-hoshi.html

Sennin Kisen Hoshi

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. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Kisen Hooshi 窺詮法師 Kisen Hoshi
窺詮仙人

He is Nr. 12 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .

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Kisen 喜撰 / 喜撰法師 Kisen Hoshi

One of the Rokkasen 六歌仙 Six Immortal Waka Poets.



- quote -
Kisen (喜撰) also known as Kisen Hōshi (喜撰法師)
was an early Heian period Buddhist monk (僧 sō) and poet.
Little is known about his life other than that he lived in Ujiyama.

When Ki no Tsurayuki wrote the Japanese preface (仮名序 kanajo) of the Kokinshū, he selected Kisen as one of the six poetic sages (六歌仙 rokkasen) whose work was to be considered as superior. Tsurayuki says the following to comment on Kisen's work.

ことばかすかにして 始め終り たしかならず
kotoba kasuka ni shite hajime wohari tashikanarazu.
The use of words is a delicate thing—from start to end it does not express the thing that actually is.

いはば、 秋の月を見るに、 暁の雲に あへるが ごとし
ihaba, aki no tsuki wo miruni, akatsuki no kumo ni aheru ga gotoshi.
That is to say, to speak of the autumn moon, one compares it to the clouds at dawn.

Kisen
is sometimes said to be the author of the poetry collection waka sakushiki (倭歌作式) (also known as the kisen-shiki (喜撰式)), but it is probably apocryphal and created well after the end of the Heian period.

The following two eika (詠歌) of Kisen are the only poems that can be confidently traced back to him.

わが庵は都の辰巳しかぞすむ世を宇治山と人はいふなり
waga iho ha miyako no tatsumi shika zo sumu yo wo ujiyama to hito ha ifu nari
Loosely:
People say that I am a secluded hermit living in Ujiyama, but my hermitage is just to the southeast of the capital!
(Kokinshū 18:983; also in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu)

木の間より見ゆるは谷の蛍かもいさりに海人の海へ行くかも
ki no ma yori miyuru ha tani no hotaru kamo isari ni ama no umi he yuku kamo
Loosely:
What I see through the trees seems to be the fireflies (蛍 hotaru) from the valley—or is that the luring fires (漁火 isaribi) of the fishermen as they head to the sea?
(Gyokuyōshū 400)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



source : gregorius.jp/presentation...


Kisenyama 喜撰山 Mount Kisen - 91 m high
in Kyoto, UJi 京都府宇治市池尾南組
and
喜撰山ダム Kisenyama dam
a rockfill hydroelectric dam finished in 1970.



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- Rokkasen 六歌仙 6 Immortal Waka poets


source : yahoo.co.jp/image...

- quote -
The Rokkasen (六歌仙, "six poetry immortals") are six Japanese poets of the mid-ninth century who were named by Ki no Tsurayuki in the kana and mana prefaces to the poetry anthology Kokin wakashū (c. 905–14) as notable poets of the generation before its compilers.
... There are numerous phrases that show the conceptualization of these six as a cohesive group, but the term "Rokkasen" first appeared in an early Kamakura-period commentary on Kokin wakashū,
titled Sanryūshō 三流抄.

僧正遍昭 Sōjō Henjō, 17 poems
在原業平 Ariwara no Narihira, 30 poems
文屋康秀 Funya no Yasuhide, 1 poem
喜撰法師 Kisen Hōshi, 1 poem
小野小町 Ono no Komachi, 18 poems
大友黒主 Ōtomo no Kuronushi, 3 poems

The concept of the rokkasen had a lasting legacy on poetic scholarship both in the pre-modern and modern periods....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

喜撰法師蛍の歌も詠まれけり
Kisen Hoshi hotaru no uta mo yomarekeri

Kisen Hoshi
has also written a poem
about fireflies . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

山口素堂 Yamaguchi Sodo

. kigo - hotaru 蛍 firefly .


鮎汲や喜撰が嶽に雲かゝる
高井几董

喜撰山入道雲の頭出て Kisenyama
辻田克巳

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　. TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #senninkisen #kisenhoshi
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HEIAN - Sennin Gotenbayashi

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Gotenbayashi Sennin 御殿林仙人

He is mentioned in the second volume of
. 本朝神仙記伝 / 本朝神仙伝 Honcho Shinsenden .

He lived in 信濃国更科郡御殿林 Shinano no Kuni, Sarashina district, Gotenbayashi (now 長野県 Nagano)

He was born in 上野国 Kozuke no Kuni (now Gunma).
He is first mentioned in 1875. He was first seen in 六月（みなづき）村 Minatsuki mura by a farmer, named 信平（しんべい） Shinbei.
Shinbei saw a rather tall man who was looking for a horse to help with his farming. To pay for the horse the man gave Shinbei a medicine and said:
汝これを食はば死ぬまで病の患ひあるべからず
"Dear man, if you eat this you will never get ill until you die."
He gave the man the fruit of a tree named komoshii コモシイ.
The tall man said that he was 神仙にも天狗にもあらず neither a Shinsen nor a Tengu.
He had left the world of dust behind him and lived in the mountain, not counting the years he had been there.


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There is a famous Gotenbayashi Forest in Yamagata.
Kiyokawa, Shonai Town, Higashitagawa-gun, Yamagata / 山形県東田川郡庄内町清川


Gotenbayashi


- quote -
Gotenbayashi Forest
The forest is the battleground where the Shonai Clan and the new government army fought in the Japanese civil war between Imperial and shogunate forces. Today, there is a walking path.
In 1893, the poet, Masaoka Shiki visited and composed a poem about cicadas.
- source : navishonai.jp/spot... -




清川口古戦場「御殿林」に建つ子規句碑。次の「はて知らずの記」８月９日の条の一節を刻む。
漸くにして清川に達す。舟を捨てて陸に上る。河辺杉木立深うして良材に富む。此処戊辰戦争の故蹟なりと聞きて、
- reference source : bashouan.com... -


蜩（ひぐらし）の　二十五年も　昔かな
higurashi no nijuugo nen mo mukashi kana

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 (1867 - 1902) .


higurashi 蜩 evening cicada, Tanna japonensis
. hatsu higurashi 初蜩 first Higurashi .
- kigo for mid-summer -


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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　. TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #senningotenbayashi #gotenbayashi -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Heian Period Japan on 3/30/2018 09:57:00 am

HEIAN - Ariakeyama Ariakesan Nagano

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説 民話 昔話 - Introduction .
. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List.
- - - for Hachimen Daio, see below
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. Ariakeyama 有明山 Ariakesan, Mount Ariake - Nagano　

Nobutaroo 信太郎 Nobutaro
Once Nobutaro went with a friend to 有明山 Mount Ariakeyama.
When they tried to jump over the Tenguiwa 天狗岩 Tengu boulder, their bodies became an enormous in size and they jumped over 馬羅尾谷 Baraodani valley and disappeared.
Nobutaro's father 久作 Kyusaku, who had lost his only son, went everywhere to look for him. He could not find him and had to work in the fields all alone from that time on.
He build a small sanctuary for Nobutaro, 信の宮 Nobu no Miya.


有明山 Mount Ariakeyama (2268m).
Ariakeyama is also called
Shino Fuji 信濃富士 Mount Fuji of the Shino region.

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- quote -
Ariake-yama (2268m)
Today, rather few people know Ariake-yama.
Of those who do, not many pay the mountain much regard. And, although the ridgeways between Yari-ga-take and Tsubakuro may be crowded enough to qualify as an Alpine "Ginza", fewer still pay much attention to Ariake-yama even when they find it rearing up at them on their way to the foot of Tsubakuro. Rather, their eyes are drawn to the more imposing heights beyond. Ariake, it seems, has been consigned to the meizan of past ages.

In former times, though, people would direct their gaze not to those indistinct higher peaks but to the shapely mountain right in front of them, revering Ariake-yama as the Mt Fuji of Shinano Province. In an age when the Northern Alps were still "terra incognita",
Ariake was celebrated by no less a poet than Monk Saigyō:

In Shinano on a day
It sent me awestruck on the way
To Hosono, the sight
Of mighty Ariake on the right


And then there are these lines by Monk Yūgyō:

By this moon's kindly light
I will not lose the narrow
Road to Hosono, although
It leads me under Ariake's height


- Ariake-yama seen from Otensho-dake; print by Yoshida Hiroshi -

According to an old chronicle, the mountain was opened in the second year of Daidō (807), when the great avatar Tohanachi Gongen was enshrined there at a place sacred to Ame-no-Uzume, where this goddess of dawn, mirth and revelry had manifested herself as a Buddha to save all living things. The mountain was once called Tohanachi-dake or "Door Away Peak", in honour of the legend in which the sun goddess Amaterasu shut herself up in a cave and was coaxed out again when the goddess Ame-no-Uzume performed a comical dance. At which the god Tajikarawo-no-mikoto wrenched away the cave's door and hurled it to earth at this very spot.

I came across this chronicle, the Record of Ariake's Inauguration (Ariake Kaizan Ryakki), in Mr Kumahara Masao's book on the dawn of Japanese mountaineering. By this account, the mountain mystic Yūkai, finding it lamentable that people had altogether given up climbing this sacred mountain, set out with his youngest brother in the sixth year of Kyōho (1721) together with fifteen or so villagers from the hamlet of Itadori at the mountain's foot, and found his way over trackless slopes to the summit. There they stayed overnight and descended the next day.

The first path up the mountain was presumably opened on this occasion, as the chronicle says. And after a small shrine was installed on the summit, people came every summer, from far and wide, in droves to climb the mountain.

For evidence that this custom lasted into the Meiji period, we need look no further than Walter Weston, the mountaineering missionary and so-called Father of the Japan Alps, who climbed Ariake on August 14, 1912, in the first year of Taishō. Presumably he'd heard of Ariake's reputation as a "meizan" of long standing. Most people associate Weston with Mountaineering and Exploration in the Japanese Alps (1896), and rather fewer are aware of his later book, The Playground of the Far East (1918), which also concerns itself mainly with the mountains of Japan. This is probably because there is no translation. It is in this later book that he describes his ascent of Ariake.
- - snip snip - -
And then it's easy to understand how Ariake came by its title of Shinano-Fuji.
- source : onehundredmountains.blogspot.jp... -


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Azuma fushi 安曇節 song
「なにを思案の有明山に小首かしげて出たわらび」
- reference source : toki.moo 961 - - tba


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. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

Nakatsuna koo 中綱湖 Lake Nakatsuna
Once upon a time, Mount Ariake and Lake Nakatsuna were fighting about which one was higher.
Then one day a pregnant woman came along and looked at mount Ariakeyama. She said laughingly: "Well Ariakeyama is not that high ... "
Since that time Mount Ariakeyama stoppe getting higher.


yakoo no tama 夜光の玉 a ball of light in the night
In the center of Mount Ariakeyama, there is a ball of light.
Because of this, the valley at its foot are never completely in the dark. They can never loose their way in a dark night.

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons of Japan .

- - - Hachimen Daioo 八面大王 "Great King with Eight Faces" - - -
魏石鬼 八面大王 （ぎしき はちめんだいおう） Gishiki Hachimen Daio is a legendary figure in Nagano.
Gishiki no Iwaya 魏石鬼の岩屋(ぎしきのいわや) Cave of the Gishiki Demon

At the foot om mount Ariakeyama there lived the farmer 弥左衛門 Yazaemon with his son 弥助 Yasuke.
The son has been abducted by a Demon named Hachimen Daio 八面大王. Yasuke grew up to be a fine young man. One day he helped a yamadori 山鳥 pheasant.
Three days later Yasuke med a beautiful young woman and married her. But Hachimen Daio became quite jealous and wild again.
When 坂上田村麻呂 Sakanoue no Tamuramaro came tho the Kannon Hall to pray, He had a vision telling him to use the feathers of a pheasant tail to make an arrow.
When Yaskue heard this, he begun to worry. But his wife, the incarnation of the pheasant, offered her tail feathers and then disappeared.
With this arrow, the evil Hachiman Daio could be shot down and driven away.
- Another version of this legend tells of Yazaemon being kidnapped by Hachimen Daio while he was looking for medicinal herbs in the forest. His wife had bo bring up Yasuke all by herself.

. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 (758 - 811) .



- quote -
鬼神「おのれ田村麻呂、またお前か」（有明山魏石鬼）」
Once upon a time in the Heian period, there lived a demon named 魏石鬼 Gishiki at Mount Ariakeyama in Nagano.
He called himself 八面大王 the "Great King with Eight Faces".
He used all kinds of bad tricks and witchcraft and eventually the court in Kyoto send Sakanoue to drive him away.
- reference source : toki.moo.jp/merumaga/noinakami... -


八面大王足湯 Hachimen Daio Ashiyu - Hot spring and foot bath

(Azumino)


- quote -
Daio Wasabi Farm was opened in 1917
and is named after the ancient local hero, Hachimen Daio, whose spirit is also said to be the farm's protector.
- source : notesofnomads.com/daio-wasabi-farm -

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明科町 Akashina

momiji onibito もみじ鬼人 Demon Momiji "red leaves.
Momiji Onibito was the wife of Hachimen Daio, but they quarreled all the time. Then came Tamuramaro and killed Hachimen Daio. He also tried to kill Momiji, and his third arrow hit her.
But later she she came back, all crying with pain.

monomi-iwa no oni 物見岩の鬼 the demon from Monomi Rock
The demon from Monomi Rock was very bad, stole things and tormented the farmers.
Tamuramaro killed him also.

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大町市 Omachi

Near the かや場 Kayaba reed field is a huge rock of about 1.5 m length.
Once uopn a time, when Hachimen Daio lived at Mount 矢沢山 Yazawayama a blacksmith brought his tools there to make weapons to fight this Oni, Hachimen Daio got angry and threw the rock in his way. They also say Tamuramaro used this rock to test his sword, so there is now a cut of about 30 cm in the rock.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - Gishiki no Iwaya 魏石鬼窟 "Cave of the Gishiki Demon" - - -
古墳　Kofun Tumulus



This is a rock chamber where the demon Hachimen Daio is said to have hidden,
The ceiling of the chamber is one huge boulder.
Nearby are more boulders, the footsteps of Hachimen Daio 八面大王足跡岩

ドルメン式古墳
長野県安曇野市穂高有明宮城


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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .
- Introduction -



. Join the Tengu friends on Facebook .

. Tenguiwa, Tengu-Iwa 天狗岩 Tengu rocks and boulders .

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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List.

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- - - - - #ariakeyama #ariakesan -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Heian Period Japan on 4/20/2018 02:20:00 pm

HEIAN - Sennin 16 Saga no In Kunshi

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. - - - - - ABC-List of the Sennin Immortals Hermits - - - - - .
. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Saga no In Kunshi 嵯峨の隠君子 / 嵯峨隠君子

He is Nr. 16 of the
. 日本の仏仙人16人 - The 16 Buddhist Immortals of Japan .

He was 嵯峨天皇の隠君子 the son of Emperor Saga Tenno.
He entered priesthood as a child before becoming an adult. As he grew older, his hair grew white while he kept his childlike figure.

Not much is known about him.

He lived during the time of Sugawara no Michizane (845 - 903) - Butsusen Nr. 15.
He lived as a hermit in 西山 Nishiyama. (Or maybe in 南山 Nanzan).
He liked to play the 琴 Koto.
He also got along well with the local Onigami Kishin 鬼神 Demon Deity.

老君子 / 隠れ若子

. Emperor Saga 嵯峨天皇 (786 – 842) .
Saga was a scholar of the Chinese classics. He was also a renowned as a skillful calligrapher.
According to legend, he was the first Japanese emperor to drink tea.

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南山白頭翁 Nanzan Hakuto Okina
Old man with white hair from Mount Nanzan
He was 98 years old and still had full white hair, a face fresh like a peach.
Nanzan is another name for 吉野山 Yoshinoyama.
The old man lived in a small hut, he was not a farmer nor a merchant.
He only had a desk and a bamboo basket.
He had no money and no food provisions.

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　. TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #saganoinkunshi #inkunshi #kunshi -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 4/14/2018 06:00:00 pm

HEIAN - Sennin 14 Miyako no Yoshika

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. - - - - - ABC-List of the Sennin Immortals Hermits - - - - - .
. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Miyako no Yoshika 都良香
(834 - 879)

He is Nr. 14 of the
. 日本の仏仙人16人 - The 16 Buddhist Immortals of Japan .


- source : wikimedia / painting by Kikuchi Yōsai 菊池容斎

Miyako no Yoshika (都良香) was a poet and scholar of the Heian Period and had an office at the court.
His speciality was kangaku 漢学 Chinese learning.
Legends say that 100 years after he left office, he was spotted on a mountain as a hermit, his face unchanged.


When Miyako no Yoshika passed through the Rashomon Gate in Kyoto, he composed the beginning of a new poem:
氣霽風梳新柳髪
From the roof of the gate there was a voice continuing with the second part of the poem:
氷消波洗旧苔鬚
This must have been the voice of the Demon of Rashomon Gate.

. Rashomon Gate 羅生門 - Introduction .
羅城門の鬼、羅生門の鬼 // The Demon of Rashomon

. Sugawara no Michizane　菅原道真 (845 - 903).

A similar tale is known when he traveled to 竹生島 Chikubu Island in Lake Biwako.
There it was 弁才天 the Deity Benten who provided the second part to his poem.

Although their life dates are different, there are tales about Yoshika and Sugawara no Michizane.
They were shooting arrows at the estate of Miyako.



- source : 国文学研究資料館

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- quote -
Miyako no Yoshika was a scholar and statesman of the Heian court.
Today, he is most famous for having written up the earliest convincing account of Mt Fuji's crater. This appears in an essay entitled A Record of Mt Fuji.
Unfortunately, history doesn't relate whether he saw the crater for himself, or heard about it from somebody else.
- snip snip -
On the face of it, the ninth century would have been a bad time to make the attempt. Three huge eruptions wracked Mt Fuji between 800 and 865, the last one so extravagantly effusive that it created a new lake at the mountain's foot. Yoshika's own account of the volcano describes how a new parasite cone suddenly appeared in March 803.
Even if he wasn't put off by these fulminations,
Yoshika had a lot of business to keep him in Kyoto. He was a lesser private secretary (shō-naiki) in the administration, and a professor of literature too. In 870, he set the civil service entrance examination for Sugawara no Michizane, who later became the greatest scholar-statesman of the age.
Intriguingly,
the exam's second question required Sugawara to "Analyse earthquakes" – elucidating why the normally still earth moved, how the Chinese explained the phenomenon, and how the Buddhists in India explained it. Michizane first presented the Confucian view – that the earth heaved when the emperor's virtue was inadequate and the government was in disarray – and then added a Taoist interpretation of earthquakes for good measure.
Reading this story, I was momentarily enthused. Perhaps Miyako no Yoshika was a would-be geophysicist, born a thousand years before his time. If so, he would naturally have wanted to climb Mt Fuji, taking samples of the ash and meticulously recording the still-steaming lava streams as he went…
Alas,
a re-reading of Yoshika's Record of Mt Fuji disabused me. The essay doesn't support the idea that Yoshika was a proto-scientist. Indeed, it's clear that the author's real concerns lay elsewhere than the crater; which is described more or less as an afterthought. What really fascinated Yoshika were the supernatural "Immortals" said to inhabit the upper slopes, or the angels who were seen dancing in the clouds over the summit.
For Yoshika,
it seems, there was no dividing line between the "natural" and "supernatural". In Heian times, nature and super-nature were larger and more mysterious than humans could possibly imagine. A quaintly outmoded way of thinking, one might have thought – at least, until last year, when those waves crashed ashore that were higher than anybody could possibly have imagined.
So perhaps Yoshika didn't climb Mt Fuji after all.
Yet there is still something appealing in the idea of him hanging up his court robes on the back of his office door – perhaps after a stressful day examining the impossibly precocious Sugawara – sneaking out of the Palace incognito, and then hopping aboard the evening Shinkansen to Shizuoka for a quick run up Mt Fuji...
- source : onehundredmountains.blogspot.jp... -

Fujisan ki 富士山記 A Record of Mt Fuji


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- quote -
都 良香（みやこ の よしか)  (承和元年（834年） - 元慶3年2月25日（879年3月21日））
は、平安時代前期の貴族・文人。姓は宿禰のち朝臣。初名は言道。主計頭・都貞継の子。官位は従五位下・文章博士。
----- 経歴
----- 人物
----- 官歴
----- 説話
漢詩にまつわる説話が複数伝えられており、後世においても、漢詩人として評価されていたことが窺われる。
-- ある人が羅城門を通った時に、良香の詠んだ漢詩を誦したところ、門の鬼が詩句に感心したという（『江談抄』『本朝神仙伝』）。
-- 良香が晩夏に竹生島に遊んだ際に作ったという「三千世界は眼前に尽き。十二因縁は心裏に空し。」の下の句は竹生島の主である弁才天が良香に教えたものであるという（『江談抄』）。
また、
活躍時期がやや異なるにもかかわらず、良香と菅原道真が一緒に登場する説話・逸話が見られる。
-- 良香の家で門下生が弓遊びをしていた際、普段勉学に追われていることから、とうていうまく射ることはできないであろうと道真に弓を射させてみたところ、百発百中の勢いであった。良香はこれは対策及第の兆候であると予言し、実際に道真は及第したという（『北野天神縁起』）。
-- 菅原道真に昇進で先を越されたことから、良香は怒って官職を辞し、大峯山に入って消息を絶った。100年ほど後、ある人が山にある洞窟で良香に会ったところ、容貌は昔のままで、まるで壮年のようであったという（『本朝神仙伝』）。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


- source - 太宰府天満宮・宝物館 - 『北野天神縁起』
Yoshika and Michizane shooting arrows


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Who was the first to climb Mount Fuji ?



- quote -
富士山・富士登山者昔むかし - Who was the first to climb Mount Fuji ?
富士山に最初に登ったのは木花開耶姫だという。２番は中国秦の徐福（前330年）。３番めはあの大和武尊（西暦110年？）と伝えます。
４、聖徳太子（598年頃）。５、役の行者（680年頃）。６、都良香が取材した人（898年以前）。７、僧末代（1149年頃）…私はいったい何千万人めにあたるのでしょうか。
・山梨県と静岡県との境

【本文】
いまではすっかり観光地化され、ゴミの山イメージになってしまった富士山。清掃登山も盛んに行われるようになってきましたが、「山ヤ」さんの間では、冬以外もはや登山の対象ではなくなています。

しかし遠く北アルプス白馬（しろうま）岳、北陸白山、和歌山県の山からも望めるその姿は、やはり気になります。富士山に最初に登ったのは誰でしょうか。

①：最初に登ったのは木花咲耶姫（このはなさくやひめ）。Konohahasakuya Hime
縄文時代、いまから3000年前の新富士山形成時から紀元前400年前後までの間に「永遠の命を天に求めるため登った」という。『古事記』や『日本書紀』などに記載されている伝説の中ながら、この神は神武天皇（紀元前711年生まれということになっている）の曽祖母にあたるというから古い話です。

②：中国の仙術士除福（じょふく）。The Chinese Sennin Jofuku
秦始皇帝の命令で不老長生回春の薬草を探しに登ったという。中国945～954年ころ、僧義楚が編纂した『義楚六帖』（きそろくじょう）という本には除福、富士山に漂着し、その子孫は「秦」と称していまに至るとあります。330年ころと伝えます。

③：弥生時代、西暦150年代？日本武尊（やまとたけるのみこと）Yamato Takeru
が東征のおり登頂したと伝えます。

④：あの聖徳太子。Shotoku Taishi
598年ころ（17歳の時）、甲斐の国より献上された黒駒に乗り、空を飛んで富士山に登ったと「聖徳太子伝暦」などに記載がある。

(5)：次は役ノ行者。En no Gyoja
奈良の葛城山で一言主神の讒言により伊豆の大島に流された行者は、昼間は勅命に従って島の内にいておとなしくしていたが、夜になると富士の山に登って修行したと『日本霊異記』（平安初期・僧景戒著）にあります。680年ころ。

⑥：桓武（かんむ）天皇 Kanmu Tenno （800年頃・平安時代初期）。

⑦：空海（807年ころ）。Kukai

⑧：平安初期の漢学者の都良香（みやこのよしか）Miyako no Yoshika
が会った登山者。良香は富士山に登った人から聞いて「富士山記」（879年）のなかで、噴火口の沸騰池、虎岩など見た者でしか分からない細かい描写をしています。
Yoshika heard the details from someone who had climbed Mount Fuji, when he wrote his report in 879. It seems he did not climb the mountain himself.

⑨：平安後期の末代（まつだい）法師。Matsudai Hoshi
久安年中（1145～1151）に山頂奥宮の位置に大日寺を建立。⑩：鎌倉時代に入ると、猪之頭の民が源頼朝の「巻狩り」の時に、山頂の雪を献上した記録があります。

続いて親鸞上人が、また日蓮上人が登り経ヶ岳に経を埋め、1518年には、暴風で13人の道者が遭難した記録もあります。江戸時代に入ろうとする1600年ころになると、128回登山の記録を持つ藤原角行が富士講を開き、以後、講を組んで「六根清浄」と唱えながらの富士登山が隆盛をむかえます。……私はいったい何千万人めの登山者にあたるのでしょうか。

- more
- reference source : toki.moo.jp/gaten...200... -


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

................................................................................. Kyoto 京都市　

kishi 鬼詞 the demon's poem
When Miyako no Yoshika passed through the Rashomon Gate in Kyoto, he composed the beginning of a new poem. From the roof of the gate there was a voice continuing with the second part of the poem.
When 菅原道真 Sugawara no Michizane heard this story, he said it must have been the Demon of Rashomon who composed this part of the poem.


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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　. TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #miyakonoyoshika #yoshikasennin -
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--
Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 4/14/2018 01:06:00 pm

PERSONS - Fu Daishi Fudaishi

http://darumapedia-persons.blogspot.jp/2018/04/fu-daishi-fudaishi-fu-ta-shi.html

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Fudaishi 傅大士 Fu Daishi, Fu Ta-Shi, Budaishi
(c. 490 – c. 560)

- quote
a Chinese Buddhist monk who was later deified as the Japanese patron deity of libraries.



He is traditionally accredited with the invention of the rinzō (輪蔵), a system of revolving shelving used in Kyōzō libraries. He is often represented alongside his sons, Fuwaku and Fukon.
Fudaishi is noted for his "lecture" on the Diamond Sutra, recorded in the Hekiganroku (Record of the Blue Cliffs). According to this account, Fudaishi was invited to speak by the Emperor Bu-tei. He stepped up to the lectern, struck it a blow with his staff, and then returned to his seat without speaking a word.
He is regarded as in incarnation of Miroku, the Waiting Buddha.
- Reference in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- quote -
Ch: Fu Daishi. Buddhist Master Fu or Great Teacher Fu.
The Chinese Buddhist layman Fu Xi (Jp: Fu Kyuu 傅翕; 497-569) credited with inventing revolving sutra shelves.
Thus images of him are often placed in or near sutra repositories. Wearing Chinese Tang dynasty attire, Fu Daishi is frequently shown with his two sons Fucheng (Jp: Fujou 普成) and Fujian (Jp: Fuken 普建).
Often depicted with a laughing face,
Fu Dashi is commonly known as the Laughing Buddha or waraibotoke 笑い仏.
- source : JAANUS -

- quote -
Hotei, the laughing Buddha, is most likely based on
the itinerant 10th-century Chinese Buddhist monk and hermit Budaishi (d. 917),
who is said to be an incarnation of Miroku Bodhisattva (Maitreya in Sanskrit).
- source : Mark Schumacher -

. Hotei 布袋 Pu-Tai, Budai - Introduction.

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- quote -
傅翕 Fu Xi (傅大士 Fu Dashi, 497-569) / 心王銘 Xinwang ming
(Rōmaji:) Fukyū (Fu-daishi): Shinnōmei
(English:) Mind-King Inscription / Inscription on the Mind King / Faith in the Mind's Ruler
(Magyar átírás:) Fu Hszi (Fu Ta-si): Hszin-vang ming



- Mind-King Inscription -
snip snip
Gâthâs of Bodhisattva Shan-hui (善慧), better known as Fu Ta-shih (傅大士)
Empty-handed I go and yet the spade is in my hands;
I walk on foot, and yet on the back of an ox I am riding:
When I pass over the bridge,
Lo, the water floweth not, but the bridge doth flow.
Translated by D. T. Suzuki (Essays in Zen Buddhism – First Series, p. 272)


傅大士 Fu-daishi
with his twin sons, shown clapping their hands and laughing, are sometimes called
Fuwaku (or Fuken 普建・普現) and Fukon (or Fujō 普成・普淨)
in Seiryō-ji Temple - Saga Shaka-dō Temple (清凉寺 - 嵯峨釈迦堂), Kyoto


A legend relates,
against all the evidence, that Fu-daishi was the inventor of the buildings intended to contain the sūtras. This kyōzō (経蔵) building in Japanese Buddhist architecture is a repository for sūtras and chronicles of the temple history. It is also called kyōko (経庫), kyōdō (経堂), or zōden (蔵殿).
A revolving sūtra storage case is called rinzō (輪蔵, wheel repository; rotating libraries).
Revolving shelves are convenient because they allow priests and monks to select the needed sūtra quickly. Eventually, in some kyōzō the faithful were permitted to push the shelves around the pillar while praying — it was believed that they could receive religious edification without actually reading the sūtras.

- More of the poems and lectures by Fu Daishi
- source : terebess.hu/zen/fuxi... -

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kyōzō 経蔵 Kyozo, repository of religious writings -


Kamakura, Hasedera

. maniguruma 摩尼車 prayer wheel .
There are some large prayer wheels in many temples, where copies of the Sutras are kept. You can walk around them, pushing the spokes while you walk to spin the wheel and have your prayers reach heaven.

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- quote -
Fu Ta-shih - [傅大士] (497–569) (PY Fu Dashi; Jpn Fu-daishi)
A lay Buddhist in China who was revered as a Reincarnation of Bodhisattva Maitreya. He won the respect of Emperor Wu of the Liang dynasty, who was a devout Buddhist. His real name was Fu Hsi, and he was commonly known as Fu Ta-shih (ta-shih means great man). A layperson with a wife and children, he was not only an earnest practitioner of Buddhism but also a philanthropist, generously bestowing his own Wealth upon the people. When he erected Shuang-lin-ssu temple, he built a Sutra repository on the premises to house the entire collection of Buddhist scriptures. The repository was unique in that it had a revolving stand with eight faces for storing the scriptures.
Later many temples adopted this type of Sutra repository.
- source : chinabuddhismencyclopedia... -


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- Reference - fudaishi chinese -
- Reference - 傅大士 -

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