2 Aug 2019

MINGEI - monkey leading horse

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .
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- - - monkey leading a horse
saru no umabiki 猿の馬曳き　// saru no komabiki 猿の駒曳き
saru hiki uma 猿曳き馬 - 猿曳馬 // saru hiki koma 猿曳き駒 - 猿曳駒
uma hiki saru 馬曳猿 // koma hiki saru 駒曳猿
umaya saru 厩猿 monkey in a horse stable

Monkeys were seen as protector animals for horses
and their amulets were kept in the horse stables.
In modern times, amulets and ema votive tablets are kept in the garage to protect the car !

- quote -
Following Chinese traditions that keeping a monkey in a stable would protect horses from diseases and accidents, the Japanese gave monkeys the important role of horse guardians, honorifically called the umayagami (厩神, "stables god").
This belief gave rise to two related practices.
First, both samurais and farmers covered their quivers with monkey hides so as to harness the protective power of the monkey over horses.
Second, people drew horse pictures on ema (絵馬, lit. "picture horse") "votive wooden plaques" and offered them at Shinto shrines to ensure the health of their horses.
"A large number of ema from various historical periods and regions of Japan depict monkeys pulling horses, providing rich evidence that the monkey functioned as guardian of horses." Monkeys were believed to scare away other animals and pests, and farmers in southern Japan fed monkeys in order to protect their fields.
The monkey's role in healing was not limited to horses, ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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ezen 絵銭 coins with pictures

saru hiki koma 猿曳駒 - Meiji period

source : yamatobunko.jp...

source : kaguracyan-essensu.seesaa.net...

Saru-Hiki-Goma monkey leading horse - Edo period

source : etsy.com/listing...

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- ABC - List from the Prefectures

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................................................................................ Aichi 愛知県

saru no umabiki ema 猿の馬曳き絵馬 monkey leading a horse,
ema votive tablet - from Susaki Jinja 洲崎神社

................................................................................ Iwate 岩手県

Hayachine Jinja "早池峰神社 - 猿曳駒

source : dostoev.exblog.jp...

source : twitter.com/yajiyajimax...

. Hayachine Jinja 早池峰神社 Hayachine Shrine .

................................................................................ Miyagi 宮城県

Nakano Sakura Jinja 中野桜神社 / Ishinomaki - 猿の駒曳き

source : komafun.blog.so-net.ne.jp/...

................................................................................ Nagano 長野県

Iwade Kannon Temple 岩出観音
1431-8 Suhara, Okuwa, Kiso District, Nagano

source : kisouma26.exblog.jp...

................................................................................ Tochigi 栃木県

. Nikko Toshogu Shrine 東照宮 - Tokugawa Ieyasu .

source : shinshizo.com/2012...

馬曳猿

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. . . CLICK here for Photos of ema !

. Reference 猿の馬曳き　.

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .

. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #monkeyleadinghorse #umabikisaru #komabikisaru #sarukomabiki #saruumabiki - - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Omamori - Japanese Amulets on 7/01/2019 12:51:00 pm

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EDO - romantic kaido highways

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. Kaido 街道 The old highways .
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romantic roads in Japan
romantic kaidō ロマンチック街道 /// roman kaidoo ロマン街道

The Japanese romantic roads are named after the famous Romantische Straße in Germany:
The Romantic Road
is a "theme route" devised by promotion-minded travel agents in the 1950s. It describes the 350 kilometres (220 mi) of surface roads between Würzburg and Füssen in southern Germany, specifically in Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, linking a number of picturesque towns and castles. In medieval times, it was a trade route that connected the center of Germany with the south. Today, this region is thought by many international travellers to possess "quintessentially German" scenery and culture, in towns and cities such as Nördlingen, Dinkelsbühl and Rothenburg ob der Tauber and in castles such as Burg Harburg and the famous Neuschwanstein.
- source : wikipedia -

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片鉄ロマン街道　Katatetsu Roman Kaido (Okayama)

- quote -
Cycling Road having a total length of 34 kilometers.
The disused railway track of former "Katakami Rail　(Katatetsu)"
from 片上 Katakami of Bizen city to 柵原町 Yanahara of Misaki town was developed to build this cycling road. The station building, the station platform, and the signal are still left on the roadside. As there are few ups and downs, you can enjoy cycling while enjoying a historical atmosphere.
There are many events at the final station of Yanahara.
- source : facebook Okayama -

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- quote -

日本ロマンチック街道　Japan Romantic Road
stretches over about 350 kilometers from Ueda City in Nagano Prefecture through the mountains of Gunma Prefecture
to Utsunomiya City in Tochigi Prefecture.
Various interesting towns, hot spring resorts and lots of natural scenery can be enjoyed along the Romantic Road, including the mountain resort of Karuizawa, active volcanoes, the hot spring mecca of Kusatsu and the world heritage sites of Nikko.
Ueda City
Unno Juku
Komoro City
Karuizawa - Onioshidashi (Mount Asama)
Kusatsu Onsen
Shima Onsen
Oigami Onsen
Fukiware Falls - Lake Chuzenji
Nikko - Utsunomiya
- source : japan-guide.com... -

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- quote -

とうもろこし街道　Tomorokoshi Road- Gunma
In Higashiogawa approximately 4km of route 120, from Kamata to Marunuma, is also known as
Japan Romantic Road "Tomorokoshi Road".
'Tomorokoshi' is corn in Japanese. This road is lined with stalls that sell locally grown fruits and vegetables – such as mushrooms, tomatoes, small melons, zucchini, radish…. Especially the freshly grilled corncobs covered in soy sauce are very delicious and popular here!
- source : oze-katashina.info/funtashina... -

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. kaidoo 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .

. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #romankaido #katatetsu #romantickaido - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/08/2019 06:19:00 am

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EDo - ichirizuka milestone mound

Ando Hiroshige

- quote
Ichirizuka (一里塚) are historic Japanese distance markers akin to milestones. Comprising a pair of earthen mounds (tsuka or zuka) covered in trees and flanking the road, they denoted the distance in ri (3.927 kilometres (2.440 mi)) to Nihonbashi, the "Bridge of Japan", erected in Edo in 1603.
Ichirizuka were encountered and described by Engelbert Kaempfer, c.1690:
"serving as a milestone are two hills, facing each other, which are raised up on both sides of the road, and planted with one or more trees."
- - - - - Establishment
The Tokugawa shogunate established ichirizuka on the major roads in 1604, enabling calculation both of distance travelled and of the charge for transportation by kago or palanquin. These mounds, to be maintained by "post stations and local villages", were one component of the developing road infrastructure, which also included bridges and ferries; post stations (both shukuba, and the more informal ai no shuku); and tea-houses (chaya). However, the main aim was "official mobility, not recreational travelling": the movement of farmers and women was discouraged, and a system of passports and barriers (関所) maintained. By marking the distance from Edo rather than Kyoto,
establishing a symbolic point of origin for all movements, the Tokugawa made of mile markers what they would later make of checkpoints: powerful reminders of the government's geopolitical ubiquity and efficacious tools in its appropriation of space.
Ichirizuka were important enough to be found on the well-known "Proportional Map of the Tokaido" by printmaker Hishikawa Moronobu (d. 1694).
A traditional poem allegorically compares the ichirizuka that mark distance to the Kadomatsu marking the years of a person's life. (see below)
... With the modernization of Japan in the Meiji period, many of the mounds disappeared through road-widening and construction schemes, and the survival of both is now rare. ...
- source : wikipedia

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. Morikawajuku 森川宿 Morikawa postal station Tokyo .
Here was the first ichirizuka 一里塚 stone marker mound of the 中仙道 Nakasendo Highway, where the
日光御成道 Nikko Onari Michi started.
This Onari Michi was also called 岩槻街道 Iwatsuki Kaido.

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. Shimura Ichirizuka milestone 志村一里塚 .
板橋区 Itabashi ward Tokyo

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神奈川宿一里塚 Ichirizuka at Kanagawa Juku postal station
- reference source : shinmeisya.or.jp/rekisi/mituke_itiriduka... -

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. Izumo Kaido 出雲街道 The Old Trade Road of Izumo .
... the Feudal Lords with their large entourage used this road on their yearly obligatory visits to the capital of Edo. At the distance of one RI ( 2.44 miles) there was a special stone marker (distance marker, milestsone, ichiri zuka, ichirizuka 一里塚).

夏の果て腰かけてゐる一里塚
natsu no hate koshikaketeiru ichirizuka

summer's end
I am sitting
on the milestone

岡本久一 Okamoto Kyuichi
Tr. Fay Aoyagi

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Miyagi 宮城県
多賀城市 Tagajo city 慈雲寺 Jiun-Ji

. shibarare Jizoo 縛られ地蔵 Jizo bound by ropes .

source : blog.goo.ne.jp/hi-sann_001...
夜泣き地蔵 yonaki Jizo （縛り地蔵）Jibari Jizo at Temple Jiun-Ji

Near the Ichirizuka mound beside the Jizo statue, there was a popular song during 天保の飢饉 the great famine of Tenpo (1832).
"Don't cry, don't make so much noise.
Just wait until autumn.
Then there will be enough rice to eat.

「泣くな騒ぐな秋まで待てよ、百に三升の米かせる」

Parents chanted this when the children would cry at night (yonaki).
They would make a wish and cast a straw rope around the statue of Jizo.
When their wish was fulfilled, they offered a red hood for Jizo.

. kikin 飢饉 great famine periods.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

門まつや冥途のみちの一里塚
kadomatsu ya meido no michi no ichirizuka

pine decoration at the gate -
a milestone mound on my way
to the Nether World
Tr. Gabi Greve

Another year in the life of Saikaku has passed . . .
In the Edo period people celebrated one more year in their live on the first of January, not on their birthday.

. Ihara Saikaku, Ibara Saikaku 井原西鶴 . - (1642 - 1693)

. kadomatsu 門松 Gate Decoration with Pine - New Year .

- - - - - -and another take at the kadomatsu, New Year and ichirizuka connection

門松や冥土の旅の一里塚めでたくもありめでたくもなし
正月は冥土の旅の一里塚
kadomatsu ya (shoogatsu wa) meido no tabi no ichirizuka
medetaku mo ari medetaku mo nashi
maybe that is auspicious, maybe that is not auspicious . . .

Said to be a poem by Zen priest Ikkyu, traveling on a dangerous road.
. Ikkyū 一休宗純 Ikkyū Sōjun, Ikkyu Sojun . - (1394 - 1481)

- reference source : kikuutan.hatenablog.com...-

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一里塚過ぎ日盛の塩の道
ichirizuka sugi himori no shio no michi

past the milestone mound
the sun is high up in the sky
of the salt road

佐々木小夜 Sasaki Sayo

白石峠 Shiraishi pass（久慈 Kuji）

. shio no michi 塩の道 the Salt Road .
Also called Chikuni Kaido 千国街道

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草餅や中仙道に一里塚
kusamochi ya Nakasendoo ni ichirizuka

these mugword rice cakes -
along the Nakasendo
at the milestone mound

福原紫朗 Fukuwara Shiro
We can see the poet sitting down and enjoying a snack at the milestone marker.

八瀬沢一里塚 milestone marker at Yasezawa

. Nakasendoo　中山道 Nakasendo Highway .

. kusamochi 草餅 mugwort rice cakes .

- A long list with photos of the mounds -
- reference source : home.b05.itscom.net/kaidou/nakasendo/8itirituka... -

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篠の子や石手の奥の一里塚
suzu no ko ya Ishite no oku no ichirizuka

young arrow bamboo shoots -
the milestone mound
behind temple Ishite

清水基吉 Shimizu Motoyoshi (1918 - 2008)

source : blog.goo.ne.jp/walkinghenro/e...
「里程石」ritei ishi （一里塚）

. Ishiteji 石手寺 Ishite-Ji .
Temple in Matsuyama on the Shikoku Henro Pilgrims Road

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みちをしへとんで妻籠の一里塚
michi o shi e tonde Tsumago no ichirizuka

大橋敦子 Ohashi Atsuko (1924 - 2014)

The 上久保の一里塚 Ichirizuka at Kamikubo is between 妻籠宿 Tsumago and 三留野宿 Midono
along the Nakasendo Kaido.

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むく大樹芽ぶくと見ゆる一里塚佐藤ちゑ
一里塚に声かけてゆく雪の旅小川原嘘帥
冬草のつづきし道の一里塚五十島典子
北風やわが生涯の一里塚星野立子
杉の葉の雨が冷たし一里塚中拓夫
柵されて榎の実をこぼす一里塚小林勇二
榎の実熟るる志村の一里塚斎藤一郎
清明の風きらきらと一里塚甘田正翠
登りつめたる葛が首振る一里塚加藤知世子
秋暑し榎枯れたる一里塚茅舎
秋風や乗りてあそびし一里塚長谷川かな女
空っぽの鉄鉢が行く一里塚内田利之
蕗の葉を傾けし風一里塚柏原眠雨
銀杏黄葉日のまろうして一里塚井桁衣子

- reference source : haikureikudatabase -

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. kaidoo 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .

. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #ichirizuka #distancemarkers #mound - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 7/10/2019 01:18:00 pm

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29 Jul 2019

EDO - Kakigaracho Kamimakicho Chuo

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. Famous Places and Power spots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Kakigarachoo 蛎殻町 Kakigaracho, Kakigara district
Chuo ward, 蛎殻町一丁目 - 蛎殻町二丁目 first and second sub-district
Nihonbashi Kakigaracho 日本橋蛎殻町

In the Edo period, it was a place where the fishermen dried their nets and many oyster shells were lying on the ground.

In former times the area was part of 人形町 Ningyocho.
In 1878, three sub-districts of Kakigaracho were established.
In 1876, the beikoku torihikijo 米穀取引所 trade center for grain dealers was located here and together with 堂島 Dojima in Osaka it was the main trade center for rice dealers.
In 1939, all these centers in Japan were abolished.
On the remaining ground of this center a new trade center for grains was built, 東京穀物商品取引所.
In 2011, this center was closed and the atmosphere of the area has changed a lot.

kakigara 蛎殻 means "oyster shells".
. kaki 牡蠣 oyster .
a kigo for Haiku

. Suitenguu 水天宮 Suitengu Shrine of the Water God .
東京都中央区日本橋蛎殻町二丁目4番1号 Tokyo
Fuku-Taroo 福太郎　Fukutaro - The Lucky Kappa

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Kamimakichoo 上槇町 Kamimakicho, Upper Kamimaki district
Chuo ward, Kami-Makicho. Now, 中央区八重洲一丁目、日本橋三丁目 Yaesu first sub-district and Nihonbashi third sub-district

The word maki can refere to various kinds of trees of the family Podocarpaceae. This may be Podocarpus macrophyllus.

The district was abolished in 1928. It had a first and second sub-district.
It used to face the 入堀 Iribori moat.
Around 1700 half of its Western area was landfilled and the new space was called
中橋広小路 Nakabashi Hirokoji, Hirokoji for short.
Around 槇町 Makicho were other areas with this name, like 下槇町 Shimo-Makicho, 南槇町 Minami-Makicho, 北槇町 Kita-Mackicho and 冨槇町 Tomi-Makicho.
It might have been a place where lumber from the Maki tree was placed.

There lived also a lot of ishiku 石工 stone masons in the area, making gorintoo 五輪塔 stone pagodas. The area was therefore also called
Gorinchoo 五輪町 Gorincho district.

In 1868, it became part of the new Tokyo and in 1869, parts of 檜物町会所屋敷 Himonocho and 上槇町新道会所屋敷 Kamimakicho were merged.
In 1878, it became part of Nihonbashi.
In 1928, the name was abolished.

Shimomakichoo 下槇町 Shimomakicho, Lower Shimomaki district
The district was abolished in 1928. It had a first and second sub-district.
Now it is 中央区日本橋三丁目 Nihonbashi third sub-district.
In the Edo period it had two sub-districts.

In 1869, it was merged with 福島町 Fukushimacho to the North.
In 1878, it became part of Nihonbashi.

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Chuo ward 中央区

. Legends from Chuo ward .
Kakigaracho 蛎殻町
- kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 a fox legend

Kamimakicho 上槇町
- henshoku suru ishi 変色する石 stone changing color
- gennoo 玄能 a Genno hammer

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .

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. Chūō ku 中央区 Chuo Ward "Central Ward" .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #kakigaracho #kamimakicho #shimomakicho #kakioyster - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 6/16/2019 01:02:00 pm

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KAIDO - Awa Kaido Highway Konpira kaido

source : halex.co.jp/blog/ochi...

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Awa Kaido 阿波街道 Awa Highway

Awa no kuni 阿波国 Awa province, is the old name for the Northern parts of Tokushima prefecture.

source : skr.mlit.go.jp/tokushima/road...

The 阿讃山脈 Sanuki Mountain range lies on the border of 香川県 Kagawa and 徳島県 Tokushima.
There are various tooge 峠 passes for crossing of the highway:
大坂峠 Osaka Toge, 鵜の田尾峠 Unotao Toge, 境目 Sakaime. 猪ノ鼻峠 Inohana Toge.

In the former 讃岐国 Sanuki no Kuni (now Kagawa) the highway was called Awa Kaido.
In Tokushima, the highway was called 讃岐街道 Sanuki Kaido.

In Tokushima on this highway was a town called 阿波町 Awacho, with more than 200 m along the road.
- The modern city of Awa was established on April 1, 2005, from the merger of the former town of Awa, absorbing the town of Ichiba, and the towns of Donari and Yoshino.

In Tadotsu town in Kagawa was the famous Konpira Shrine and the roads for this pilgrimage were called
金毘羅街道 Konpira Kaido / 金毘羅往来 Konpira Orai.
- see below

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. Mingei - Folk Art from Awa 阿波 .

. Awa odori 阿波踊り Awa Dance for O-Bon .

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Konpira Kaido 金毘羅街道 - 金毘羅往来 Konpira Orai.

source : marugame.town-web.net/kaidou...

It comprises various Kaido leading to the famous Shinto Shrine
. Konpira Gu 金刀比羅宮 Konpira, Kompira, Kotohira Shrine .

- reference source : sonae-net.com/chottokoba/1/kaidou... -

Konpira Gokaido 金毘羅五街道 five important highways leading to Konpira
阿波街道 Awa Kaido
伊予街道 Iyo, Kaido / 土佐街道 Tosa Kaido
丸亀街道 Marugame Kaido
多度津街道 Tadotsu Kaido
高松街道 Takamatsu Kaido　/ Shido Kaido

撫養街道 Muya Kaido
讃岐街道 Sanuki Kaido

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Imabari Kaido 今治街道 Imabari Highway

It leads from Saijō 西条 Saijo along the coast of the 高縄半島 Takanawa Hanto Peninsula to Imabari city, Ehime,
about 90 km.
Saijo was especially active as the entrance city for the mountain pilgrimage to 石鎚山 Ishizuchisan.
西条 Saijo was also very close to 松山市 Matsuyama city.

Imabari is the last station of the しまなみ海道　Shimanami Kaido , about 60 km, from Honshu to Shikoku.
Nishiseto Expressway, often called the Shimanami Kaidō, connecting Onomichi, Hiroshima and Imabari.
- reference -

Shimanami Kaido しまなみ海道 Island-hopping Highway

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Iyo Kaidō 伊予街道 Iyo Highway / 土佐街道 Tosa Kaido

Iyo no Kuni 伊予国 Io province, is the old name of Ehime, capital is Matsuyama.
Tosa no Kuni 土佐国 Tosa province, is the old name of Kochi.

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松山と高知を結ぶ道 A road to connect Matsuyama with Kochi
- Also called 松山街道 Matsuyama Kaido
. Matsuyama city 松山 in Ehime .
The Kaido crossed the pass 三坂峠 Misaka Toge, then via 久万 Kuma and 七鳥 Nanatori into Kochi prefecture.
In Kochi via 池川 Ikegawa, 大崎 Osaki and 佐川 Sakawa to the city of Kochi.

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川之江と高知を結ぶ道 A road to connect Kawanoe with Kochi
- Also called 土佐北街道 Tosa Kita Kaido, Northern Kaido
From Kawanone in Ehime via 新宮、馬立 and the pass 笹ヶ峰峠 to Kochi.
In Kochi via 大豊町立川（たぢかわ）the Tachikawa river in Otoyo、本山町 Motoyama and a few more towns to the castle of Kochi.
This road has been in use since 707 as 北山官道 Kitayama Kando, a road for the local governor.
In the Edo period it was used by the Daimyo of Tosa for the regular visits to Edo.
There was also a shortcut to the Konpira Shrine.

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徳島と高知を結ぶ道 Two roads to connect Tokushima with Kochi

----- 土佐浜街道 Tosa Hama Kaido "Beach Road"
- also called 土佐東街道 Tosa Higashi Kaido, Eastern Kaido
In Tokushima via 立江 Tatsue and 羽ノ浦 Hanoura, crossing the river 那賀川 Nakagawa at 古庄 Furusho, passing 桑野 Kuwano, 由岐 Yuki, 日和佐 Hiwasa and 宍喰浦 Shishikuiura.
In Kochi via 甲浦 Kannoura , 室戸 Muroto, 安芸 Aki, 赤岡 Akaoka and more towns.
Most is the modern national road Nr. 55.

----- 四ツ足峠越えの道 road over the pass Yotsuashi Toge
- -- also called 土佐中街道 Tosa Naka Kaido, Central Kaido
A sea route until 橘 Tachibana, from there along the river 桑野川 Kuwanogawa. From 鷲敷 Wajiki along the river 那賀川 Nakagawa.
After crossing the Yotsuashi Pass to Kochi, along the river 物部川 Monobegawa to 大栃 Odochi, 美良布 Birafu,
山田 Yamada and 後免 Gomen, reaching Kochi.
(Now there is a long tunnel of 1857 m below the pass.)

- quote
... an ancient trade route in Japan that is now mirrored by the modern National Route 33.
It was established during the Yamato period, was then developed into an official highway during the Meiji period, before being renamed the Prefectural Matsuyama-Kōchi Highway (県道松山高地線 Kendō Matsuyama-Kōchi-sen).
On January 18, 1945, it was renamed as National Route 23, before becoming National Route 33 on December 4 of the same year.
The Tosa Domain used a route that connected Kōchi with the modern-day Shikokuchūō sankin kōtai. This route was called the "Old Tosa Kaidō" (旧土佐街道 Kyū-Tosa Kaidō).
- source : wikikpdia

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Nakamura Kaido 中村街道 Nakamura Highway
Fron Kochi (Tosa no kuni) vial the Southern Sea Road to 須崎 Susaki, 窪川 Kubokawa to 中村 Nakamura town.

In Susaki was a turn to the
Yusuhara Kaido 檮原街道 Yusuhara Highway
In Ehime from 北宇和郡鬼北町 Kihoku town in the Kita-Uwa district to the 大洲街道 Ozu Kaido.
Then South to 宇和島 Uwajima.
A lot of 鰹 Katsuo bonito fish from Tosa was transported via this road.

Some say it was the escape road that 坂本龍馬 Sakamoto Ryoma took when leaving his home domaine in 1862.
Dappandoo　脱藩道 Dappan Michi, dappan no michi

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Marugame Kaido 丸亀街道 Marugame Highway

Marugame was a harbour city in Kagawa, reached in the Edo period by pilgrims for the Konpira Shrine / Kotohira Shrine in about 3 long days on a ship from Osaka.
From the harbour it took about 14 km along the Marugame Kaido to the Shrine.

source : jb-honshi.co.jp/kanko/seto...

. Marugame city 丸亀 in Kagawa .
now famous for its Marugame uchiwa 丸亀団扇 hand fans.

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Muya Kaido 撫養街道 Muya Highway
Also called 淡路街道 Awaji Kaido.
Muya is the old name of 鳴門市 Naruto city, Tokushima.

In the Edo period this road was maintained by the Daimyo 藩主蜂須賀家政 Hachisuka Iemasa (1558 - 1639).
It took about 67 km from Muya town via 岡崎 Okazaki to 池田 Ikeda, Tokushima.
The road was mostly used for the transportation of indigo, salt, tobacco leaves and lumber.
Pilgrims of the Shikoku Henro tour could get of at the harbour of Okazaki
The town of 撫養町 Muya now belongs to 鳴門市 Naruto city.
Muya was a connected by a sea route to 淡路島 Awaji Island and the harbour towns of 福良 Fukura, 洲本 Sumoto and 由良 Yuura and then again by sea to 紀伊 Kii (Wakayama).

Kawakita (Muya) Kaido 川北(撫養)街道
To the West of Mura Kaido, along the northern shore of the river 吉野川 Yoshinogawa and leading to Ikeda.

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Sanuki Kaido 讃岐街道 Sanuki Highway

From Marugame in Sanuki no Kuni along the Northern Shore of Shikoku via 観音寺 Kannonji, 川之江 Kawanoe,
新居浜 Niihama to 小松 Komatsu (now 現西条市 Saijo city).
Saijo was especially active as the entrance city for the mountain pilgrimage to 石鎚山 Ishizuchisan.
西条 Saijo was also very close to 松山市 Matsuyama city.

source : james1964.exblog.jp...

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Tadotsu Kaido 多度津街道 Tadotsu Highway

The Kaido leads from Tadotsu city, Kagawa, to the famous Konpira shrine.
The roads for this pilgrimage were called
金毘羅街道 Konpira Kaido / 金毘羅往来 Konpira Orai.

The martial art of Shorinji Kempo (少林寺拳法) was founded in 1947 by 宗道臣 So Doshin
at the temple Dōryū-ji 道隆寺 Doryu-Ji in Tadotsu.
The temple is Nr. 77 of the Shikoku Henro Pilgrimage.

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Takamatsu Kaido　高松街道 Takamatsu Highway

Leading from Takamatsu, Kagawa, to the Konpira Shrine. Almost a straight line of about 32 km.

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. Shikoku Henro Pilgrimage 四国遍路 .
Connecting 88 temples in the four prefectures of Shikoku.

. Shido Kaido 志度街道 Shido Highway / 志度道 Shido Michi .
Higashi Sanuki Hama Kaido 東讃浜街道
Hama Kaido 浜街道 Road along the Beach. Now Route 11 国道11号.
From Takamatsu along the beach, passing Shido Town, leading to the Henro temple Shidodera 志度寺 in Kagawa.

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

byoonin batake 病人畑 field of ill people
Along the old Awa Kaido there is a very low-lying area, which had a bad reputation of bringing disaster to its owner.
A man had used it for farming but now it is not used any more. Only reeds are growing here. now.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .

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KAIDO - Oyama kaido Futago Kaido

Edo - the EDOPEDIA -

Oyama Kaido Highway

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 10:26 PM PDT

Oyama Kaido was a favorite pilgrim road to
. 大山の不動様 Oyama no Fudo Son .

- - - - - Shrine Oyama Afuri Jinja 大山阿夫利神社

- reference source : Homepage afuri .or .jp -

There were two Oyama Kaido leading out of Edo, dividing at Sangen-jaya.
The Old Oyama Kaido is now called Tamagawa-doori　玉川通り Tamagawa-Dori.

source : sangendyaya.co.jp

. Sangenjaya 三軒茶屋 Sangen-jaya, "three tea stalls" .
Setagaya, Tokyo

Under the un-auspicious name of "tea stall", a lot of extra entertainment was available in Edo.
Along the public roads to the countryside, there were many Chaya for travellers to rest.

- - - - The three tea shops were
Ishibashi-ya 石橋屋 - originally 信楽 Shigaraki
Kado-ya 角屋 and Tanaka-ya 田中屋

They were located at the beginning of two highways out of Edo,
大山街道 Oyama Kaido and 二子街道 Futago Kaido.

The Oyama Kaido is also known as
厚木街道　Atsugi Kaido and 矢倉沢往還　Yagurazawa Okan
The Yagurazawa Okan crossed the 足柄峠 Ashigara Toge and went on 駿河国沼津宿 the Numazu postal station of the Tokaido in Suruga (Shizuoka).
足柄道 Ashigara Do - 足柄路 Ashigara Ji
Already mentioned in poems of the 万葉集 Manyoshu Waka poetry collection.

Oyama Kaido starts at the Akasaka Mon Gate 赤坂門 in Edo.
The main postal stations were:
１三軒茶屋 Sangenjaya
２溝口 Mizoguchi
３荏田 Eda
４長津田 Nagatsuta
５下鶴間 Shimotsuruma
６国分 Kokubun
７厚木 Atsugi
８伊勢原 Isehara
- 大山阿夫利神社 Afuri Jinja

There are 19 more side-roads of the Oyama Kaido
- wikipedia -

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The Oyama Kaido is still very popular and there is a stamp rally from Futago to Oyama.

from 二子→荏田→長塚→下鶴間宿→国分宿→厚木宿→糟屋宿→伊勢原宿→大山

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The Futago Kaido
Futago Tamagawa 二子玉川 was famous for

. Tamagawa Daishi 玉川大師 - temple Gyokushin Mitsuin .

The postal station Futago Juku was at Kawasaki
神奈川県川崎市高津区二子 / Futako, Futago, Takatsu Ward, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
Futago no Watashi、Futako 二子の渡し　river crossing over the Tamagawa

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Kanagawa 神奈川県
大和市 Yamato city

Kappa カッパ the Water Goblin
Palanquin carriers carried a Samurai along 大山街道 the Oyama Kaido Highway from the bridge 間門橋 / 馬門橋 Makadobashi toward Fujizawa, but when they arrived, there was nobody in the palanquin.
When carrying a beautiful lady form Fujizawa toward the river 間門川 Makadogawa, she disappeared.
The 駕籠屋 palanquin carriers had a meeting and decided to drive out the Kappa who caused all this trouble!

. Kappa 河童 / かっぱ / カッパ - Kappa, the Water Goblin .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

. Edo, Tokyo　江戸 - 東京 - 伝説 Legends Index .

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