8 Jan 2016

MINGEI - karakusa pattern

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karakusa 唐草 / からくさ Karakusa art motives
karakusa moyoo 唐草模様 Karakusa pattern. Karakusa arabesque

Chinesischen Arabesken und Rankenornamente

. Symbols and Motives in Asian Art .

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karakusamon 唐草文 Lit. Chinese grass motif.
Also called karakusa 唐草. Often used interchangeably with karahanamon 唐花文 (Chinese floral motif). A foliage-scroll pattern seen on textiles and crafts including ceramics, metal work, and lacquerware as well as sculptural and architectural detailing. Although the term refers to floral and plant motifs introduced to Japan from China, most of the motifs originated in Central Asia, India, Persia, and Arabia. Some came from as far west as Greece and Egypt.



The patterns are generally characterized by a flower-and-leaf motif linked by continuous, repetitive, scrolling vines or tendrils. Countless variations developed featuring a wide range of flowers and plants, including the lotus rengemon 蓮華文, peony botan karakusa 牡丹唐草, grape budo karakusa 葡萄唐草 and precious flower hosoge 宝相華 combined with wave-scroll patterns of palmette (of Greek origin)  nindomon 忍冬文 or arabesques, the continuous vine patterns probably of Persian origin. In Japan, the patterns first appear on extant objects from the 8c, with many examples found among the treasures of the Shosoin 正倉院.

The motifs were then further adapted to Japanese taste in the Heian period especially for dyed textiles yuusoku mon'yo 有職文様. The more exotic motifs often were replaced by flower and plants commonly found in Japan, such as the plum (prunus), wisteria, camelia, chrysanthemum, bamboo and vine sasatsuru mon'yo 笹蔓文様, pine, or paulownia kirikarakusa 桐唐草. The motifs were used extensively on silk brocades, damask, and later were adapted for stencilled textiles.
From the 17c on, karakusa designs were used to decorate a wide variety of clothing, and cotton futon 布団, as well as furoshiki 風呂敷 fabrics. The designs varied from fine to small to medium-sized patterns. Other variations to note are: cloud-scroll motif unki karakusa 雲気唐草 a double clove motif kutsuwakarakusa 轡唐草 or a type of vine scroll pattern that almost forms a circular pattern wanashi karakusa 輪無唐草.

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henkou karakusamon 扁行唐草文 Henko Karakusa Mon
An asymmetric arabesque pattern.
Most arabesque patterns have a centrally positioned motif *chuushinkasari 中心飾 from which flow rhymical arabesques that are exactly the same but run in opposite directions kinsei karakusamon 均正唐草文. The henkou type pattern, however, runs continuously from one end of the broad to the other. One example, on a tile unearthed at Fujiwarakyuu 藤原宮 (694-710), has a predominant curvilinear core from which, and around which spring dynamic lines ending in simple curlicues. Some scholars suggest that the curlicues, especially those passing the center of the tile, might represent a cloud motif. Some of these continuous patterns have no end borders wakitai 脇帯. Others have clearly defined end borders filled with a continuous linear zigzag motif kyoshimon 鋸歯文 created along the lower border shimotai 下帯. The upper border uetai 上帯 is filled with a bead pattern shumon 珠文. Some henkou patterns resemble the so-called honeysuckle motif and are called henkou nindou karakusamon 扁行忍冬唐草文.

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budou karakusamon 葡萄唐草文 Budo Karakusa Mon
Also abbreviated to budou karakusa 葡萄唐草.
A grape-patterned arabesque used on the pendant gatou 瓦当, of a broad concave eave end tile nokihiragawara 軒平瓦.
Tiles with this motif are found on buildings at Okadera 岡寺 in Nara and its vicinity. The grapevine motif is found in ancient Greece, Rome, and the Near East. It reached China and was first used during the Northern Wei dynasty (Jp: Hokugi 北魏) in caves at Yungang (Jp: Unkou 雲崗) and Lungmen (Jp: Ryuumon 龍門). During the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was widely used at Chang-an (Jp: Chouan 長安). In Korea it was used as a tile pattern during the Unified Silla period (Jp: Touitsu Shiragi 統一新羅). Tiles with a grapevine motif can be dated to the late 7c. There are four slightly different renderings of the pattern: three found at Okadera and one at Jikouji 慈光寺 ruins, both in Nara. Across the upper face of each tile, there is a zigzag motif kyoshimon 鋸歯文, inazumamon 稲妻文, separated from the grapevine pattern by a high ridge.

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hira karakusagawara 平唐草瓦 Also called hira karakusa 平唐草.
A broad concave eave-end tile nokihiragawara 軒平瓦, decorated with an arabesque pattern karakusamon 唐草文, on the pendant part gatou 瓦当. It was employed especially during the 7c-12c. The arabesque motif later fell into disuse, but the tile was still called karakusagawara 唐草瓦.


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housouge karakusa  宝相華唐草 Hosoge Karakusa
1 
Abbreviation of housouge karakusamon 宝相華唐草文.
A type of Chinese arabesque design karakusamon 唐草文, combining images of the peony, lotus and other flowers in a repeated scroll pattern. A variety of precious flower pattern *housouge 宝相華.
2 
Abbreviation of budou karakusagawara 葡萄唐草瓦.
A roof tile, often an eaves-end tile, whose pendant edge is decorated with an arabesque pattern combining images of the peony, lotus and other flowers botan karakusa 牡丹唐草.

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kake karakusagawara 掛唐草瓦
A common term for the broad, concave eave-end pendant tiles that are placed along the gable overhang keraba 螻羽 and extend beyond the edge of the bargeboard hafu 破風 of the inclined eaves of a gable, or the gable on the hip-and-gable roof, kirizuma yane 切妻屋根 or irimoya yane 入母屋根.
These tiles were originally named for the arabesque motifs karakusa 唐草 that decorated the pendant. The motif was most popular from the 7c-12c. Even when the motifs changed, the old name remained in use.

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karakusagawara 唐草瓦 Lit. arabesque roof tile
named after the arabesque pattern *karakusamon 唐草文 often found on the pendant edge.
..... 2 Any tile decorated with an arabesque pattern at its edge.
A pantile decorated with an arabesque pattern is called san karakusagawara 桟唐草瓦. Variations include the flat arabesque tile hira karakusagawara 平唐草瓦, corner arabesque tile sumi karakusagawara 隅唐草瓦, gable arabesque tile keraba karakusagawara 螻羽唐草瓦 or multi-layered-box tile juubakogawara 重箱瓦.
These words are sometimes abbreviated by omitting the word kawara.

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kinsei karakusamon 均正唐草文
A perfectly balanced design around a symmetrical central motif.


Gangouji Gokurakubou Zenshitsu 元興寺極楽坊禅室 (Nara) Gango-Ji

A type of arabesque found on the pendants gatou 瓦当 of broad, concave, eave-end tiles nokihiragawara 軒平瓦. Examples have been excavated at the site of the Ikaruga-no-Miya 斑鳩宮 near the east precinct of Houryuuji Touin 法隆寺東院 and various temples sites dated around the mid-7c.


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nindou karakusamon 忍冬唐草文 Nindo Karakusa Mon
Also suikazura karakusamon; also nindou karakusa 忍冬唐草. Lit. honeysuckle arabesque pattern.
A pattern used to decorate the pendants *gatou 瓦当 of broad, concave eave end tiles nokihiragawara 軒平瓦. Existing examples have very fluid, delicate vine patterns which are rendered with a leaping vitality, as in those found at Houryuuji 法隆寺 and Hourinji 法輪寺, in Nara. This motif may be arranged symmetrically, to the right and left of a central design chuushikazari 中心飾. It may be deeply and heavily carved as exemplified by a fragment found at the Sakadadera 坂田寺 site, in Nara. It may also have a continuous pattern without a central motif henkou karakusamon 扁行唐草文. Some fragments from Houryuuji have a large heavy, fan-shaped motif senkei nindou karakusamon 扇形忍冬唐草文 with the same motif alternating between being rightside up, like a tree, and the next inverted. This motif is also called palmette or apricot leaf arabesque motif kyouyou karakusamon 杏葉唐草文 kyoyo karakusa mon.

- source : JAANUS -

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Analysis of the Spiral Pattern Karakusa
Kiyoe Fuchigami

In this paper I discuss the properties of a pattern known as "Karakusa".
Karakusa is Japanese and means "foreign plant" or "winding plant". The pattern consists of various spirals, and these spirals take their shape from vines and other natural forms. I will examine and demonstrate how features of the pattern were abstracted from these natural forms. In addition, it will be argued that an algorithm employing a mathematical element could be involved in generating those features, and I will claim that we will be able to utilize this algorithm for generating new spiral forms. In this study I examine a Karakusa pattern familiar from its use on Japanese wrapping cloths. In this particular pattern only a geometric spiral is employed. It is a simple pattern constructed from many spirals, each of which extends freely in all directions.
In this paper I examine such features in turn and describe my results.
- source : heldermann-verlag.de - - - - pdf file, 9 pages


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. hariko 張子 papermachee dolls .


source : xxx

会津張子 Aizu Hariko 願い玉 Negaidama (Daruma)

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. kokeshi こけし wooden dolls .



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. tsuchi ningyoo 土人形 tsuchiningyo clay dolls .




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. maneki neko, manekineko 招き猫 beckoning cat .









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. furoshiki 風呂敷 wrapping cloth .



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. shishimai,  獅子舞 lion dance .



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More art motives

dorobo どろぼ thief



Thieves in the Edo period (and now) used to wrap a Furoshiki around their head to hide their features and carry away the booty.



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- More Karakusa art motives

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. . . . . . . . . . zukoo 頭光 Zuko, Halo, Mandorla

Halos decorated with Chinese foliage design karakusamon 唐草文 and a thousand miniature buddhas senbutsu kohai 千仏光背 were also produced in the Tenpyo period. A good example is Rushanabutsu 盧舎那仏 (779) in T唐招堤寺, Toshodai-Ji, Nara.

. koohai, kouhai 光背 halo, mandorla of a statue .


. mibu koohai 壬生光背 halo of the Mibu type .
The border of the Halo is decorated with Chinese style plant motifs karakusamon 唐草 in openwork sukashibori 透彫.


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. . . . . . . . . . Saga

. kani botan karakusa kamon 蟹牡丹唐草文 family crest from Nabeshima .

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- - - - - H A I K U  - Haiku - - - - -

唐草の色なくなりし蒲団かな
karakusa no iro nakunarishi futon kana

the Karakusa color
of my bedding
is slowly fading away . . .


Oohashi Ouhashi 大橋 桜坡子 ( おおはし おうはし ) Ohashi Ohashi (1895 - 1971)
Born in Shiga. Member of Hototogisu and 山茶花.



This is a zabuton 座布団 seating cushion.

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唐草の殻入鉢や蜆汁

沢田はぎ女 Sawada Hagijo (1890 - 1982)


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唐草の蒲団に眠る子二人
縹雨

山車獅子の晴れ着の唐草模様も古り
高澤良一


枯菊の唐草模様土に描き
上野泰

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .  



. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- #karakusa #karakusapattern -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Omamori - Japanese Amulets on 1/06/2016 01:41:00 pm

EDO - taika great fires


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .
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taika 江戸の大火 Edo no Taika "Great Fires of Edo"



During the Edo period, when people lived closely in wooden homes and used open fire for cooking, fires were especially terrible.
Fire and fighting are the flowers of Edo (kaji to kenka wa Edo no hana)
is an old proverb of these dangerous times.

hatsu kaji 初火事 first fire
The first fire of the new year is often seen as a bringer of bad luck, if it happens during the first three days of the New Year.

Matsuo Basho's first "Basho Hut (Bashoo An 芭蕉庵" burned down, on January 25, 1683.

. WKD : kaji 火事 fire .
hi no ban 火の番 on the lookout for fire
machibikeshi, machi hikeshi 町火消し local fire brigade
hi no yoojin 火の用心 fire prevention goods

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江戸の火事と火消 / 山本純美

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Fires in Edo
were fires which occurred in Edo (江戸), now Tokyo, during the Edo period. The city of Edo was characterized by frequent great fires as the saying "Fires and quarrels are the flowers of Edo" goes.
Even in the modern days, the old Edo was still remembered as the "City of Fires" (「火災都市」). The city was something of a rarity in the world, as vast urban areas of Edo were repeatedly leveled by fire. The great fires of Edo were compared to the Chinese gods of fire Shukuyū (祝融) and Kairoku (回禄), and also humorously described as "autumn leaves".
..... During the 267 years between 1601 (Keichō 6), the year after the Battle of Sekigahara (関ヶ原の戦い), and 1867 (Keiō 3), the year of Taisei Hōkan (大政奉還, literally "return of sovereignty"), Edo was struck by 49 great fires.
..... The strong winter monsoon from the north was a meteorological condition unique to Edo. It contributed to many winter and spring fires that occurred in dry weather brought about by prevailing northwest and north winds.....

December 26, 1601 / 6 Keicho/11
March 10or11, 1641 / 8 Kan-ei/1/29or30 - Oke-machi Fire 桶町火事
March 2–3, 1657 / 3 Meireki/1/18-19 - Great Fire of Meireki 明暦の大火
January 25, 1683 / 2 Tenna/12/28 - Great Fire of Tenna 天和の大火
October 9, 1698 / 11 Genroku/9/6 - Chokugaku Fire 勅額火事
December 25, 1704 / 16 Genroku/11/29 - Mito-sama Fire 水戸様火事
March 14, 1745 / 2 Enkyo/2/12 - Rokudō Fire 六道火事
March 22, 1760 / 10 Horeki/2/6 - Hōreki Fire 宝暦の大火
April 1, 1772 / 9 Meiwa/2/29 - Great Fire of Meiwa 明和の大火
April 22, 1806 / 3 Bunka/3/4 - Great Fire of Bunka 文化の大火
April 24, 1829 / 12 Bunsei/3/21 - Great Fire of Bunsei 文政の大火
March 16, 1834 / 5 Tempo/2/7 - Kōgo Fire 甲午火事
March 2, 1845 / 2 Koka/1/24 - Aoyama Fire 青山火事
November 11, 1855 / 2 Ansei/10/2 - Earthquake Fire 地震火事


Tokugawa shogunate's fire prevention measures
Firefighting organizations

- machibikeshi (町火消, chōnin firefighters).
- buke hikeshi (武家火消 samurai firefighters)
-- daimyō hikeshi (大名火消, daimyo firefighters) and
-- jōbikeshi (定火消, hatamoto firefighters).

Anti-arson measures
- Hitsuke tōzoku aratame 火付盗賊改方

Urban planning - fire barrier zones

- Hiyokechi 火除地 and hirokōji 広小路
- Fire-resistant and fireproof structures
- Prohibitions and fire alert orders
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Meireki no Taika 明暦の大火 Great Fire of Meireki
March 2–3, 1657 / 3 Meireki/1/18-19
... also known as the Furisode Fire, destroyed 60–70% of the Japanese capital city of Edo (now Tokyo) on March 2, 1657, the third year of the Meireki Imperial era. The fire lasted for three days, and is estimated to have claimed over 100,000 lives.
Legend
The fire was said to have been started accidentally by a priest who was cremating an allegedly cursed kimono. The kimono had been owned in succession by three teenage girls who all died before ever being able to wear it. When the garment was being burned, a large gust of wind fanned the flames causing the wooden temple to ignite.
. . . . . On the 24th day of the new year, six days after the fire began, monks and others began to transport the bodies of those killed down the Sumida River to Honjo, Sumida,_Tokyo, a community on the eastern side of the river. There, pits were dug and the bodies buried; the Ekō-in (Hall of Prayer for the Dead) was then built on the site.
. . . . . Under the guidance of Rōjū Matsudaira Nobutsuna 松平信綱, streets were widened and some districts replanned and reorganized
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Matsudaira Nobutsuna 松平信綱 (1596 – 1662)
was a Japanese daimyo of the early Edo period, who ruled the Kawagoe Domain. First serving Tokugawa Iemitsu as a page, Nobutsuna was renowned for his sagacity. He was named a rōjū in 1633. Nobutsuna led the shogunal forces to their final victory over the rebellion at Shimabara. His court title was Izu no Kami, which was the origin of his nickname, "Izu the Wise" (知恵伊豆 Chie Izu).
. . . . . In his later years, he joined senior Tokugawa officials such as Hoshina Masayuki in supporting the underaged 4th shogun, Ietsuna. With Hoshina he planned how to rebuilt the town of Edo after the great fire.
. . . . . Shogun Ietsuna calls him "as ugly as a toad".
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


The bridge 両国橋 Ryogokubashi across the 隅田川 Sumida river was constructed on request of Hoshina and Matsudaira to provide an escape road for the townspeople. The land on the other side soon thrived as a popular amusement district, as did many other of the newly built hirokooji 広小路 Hirokoji, Wide Roads, which provided space for yatai 屋台 stalls and evening business.

. Ryoogokubashi 両国橋  Ryogokubashi bridge .


The 天守閣 tenshukaku tower of Edo castle was also lost during the Meireki fire.
It was not rebuilt any more, to express the lasting peace of the Tokugawa bakufu and the money was spent to rebuilt the town. The gates at the other bridges of Edo were also kept open for free transportation and trade in Edo, thus improving the life of the citizens. This also expressed the now lasting peace of the Bakufu, showing that a castle for war defense was no longer needed.

. Edo joo 江戸城 Edojo, Edo Castle .

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Three Great Fires of Edo 江戸の三大大火

Meireki 明暦の大火
Meguro Gyooninzaka 目黒行人坂の大火 Meguro Gyoninzaka (Meiwa no taika)
Hinoe Tora 丙寅の大火
(Bunka no taika)


- source : gakken.co.jp/kagakusouken -


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

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Edo - Tokyo 練馬区 Nerima

kitsune 狐 the fox
There lives an old fox in the temple. When he called out, he warned people of a fire, so three or four times a great fire could be averted. He is therefore called

消稲荷 Fire-extinguishing Inari
a form of hi no kami inari 火の神稲荷, Inari as a Fire Deity.

- source : nichibun yokai database -
5 to explore 火の神稲荷 (01)


全国的に、鍛冶屋、刀工、鋳物師などが仕事を休んで稲荷神社に詣で、「鞴祭り」を行いました。
- source : pleasuremind.jp -

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天狗 Tengu causing fire
The towers of 東寺 To-Ji and 法勝寺 Hossho-Ji temples in Kyoto were lost through fire, which was an act of a Tengu. Other great fires in Kyoto, Osaka and Edo, which started as small fires and then became large rapidly were also the doing of a Tengu.


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京都府 Kyoto

taika no zencho 大火の前兆 a foreboding of great fire
One year before 天明の大火 the great fire of Tenmei (1788, March 3), more than 1000 people people of 畿内近国 Kinai Kingoku (Kinki) walked every day around the four corners of the 禁裏 Kinri Imperial Palace.
が毎日数千人禁裏の四方を巡る事があった。
This was an omen of the coming great fire.


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長野県 Nagano 清内路村 Seinaiji

tatari 大火,祟り the curse of the great fire
The lord of 飯田城 Iidajo Castle captured お建 and carried out the death penalty at 愛宿下 Atagoshita. Because of her curse, there was a great fire in the castle. The shrine in her honor お建の社 and the trees in the forest also suffered great damage and people feared her curse.

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- source : nichibun yokai database -
55 大火 to explore (02)

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. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo 江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売 - Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳 Senryu poems in Edo .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]- - - - - #edobakufu #taika #greatfiresinedo #edofires - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Edo - the EDOPEDIA - on 1/05/2016 09:45:00 am

7 Jan 2016

PERSON - Ohashi Ohashi Poet


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. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .
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Oohashi Ouhashi 大橋桜坡子 ( おおはし おうはし ) Ohashi Ohashi
(1895 - 1971) - オオハシ オウハシ
明治28(1895)年6月29日 - 昭和46(1971)年10月31日


Memorial Stone at Sumiyoshi Shrine 住吉大社.


source:  sumiyoshi-web-expo/1-ouhako-kuhi 遊邑舎

His real name was 大橋英次 Ohashi Hideji (Eiji)
Born in Shiga. Whith 22 years he met Takahama Kyoshi and became his lifelong disciple.
Member of ホトトギス Hototogisu and 山茶花 Sazanka.
Editor of the Haiku Magazine 雨月.

His son is 大橋晄 Ohashi Akira
His daughter is the poet 大橋敦子 Ohashi Atsuko, born 大正13年4月18日.

His haiku collections:

「雨月」「引鶴」「龍の玉」「鶴唳」「大橋桜波子全句集」
随筆「双千鳥」




大橋桜坡子俳話集

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大正の大阪俳壇 Osaka Haiku Group in the Taisho Period


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唐草の色なくなりし蒲団かな
karakusa no iro nakunarishi futon kana

the Karakusa color
of my bedding
is slowly fading away . . .



This is a zabuton 座布団 seating cushion.

. futon 布団、蒲団 quilted bedding .
- - kigo for all winter - -

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Ohashi Atsuko 大橋敦子 (1924 - 2014)

A white swan
reflecting back the sunlight
with its whole body


- source : haikuspirit.org -


生涯を風に随順して芒
shôgai o kaze ni zuijunshite susuki

throughout a lifetime
it follows the wind obediently
a pampas grass


- source : Fay Aoyagi -


- reference : 大橋敦子 -


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Japanese Reference

大橋 桜坡子

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Related words

***** Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets 


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Introducing Haiku Poets and Topics . . . . . WKD on 1/06/2015 04:45:00 pm

6 Jan 2016

PERSON - Takeshita Shizunojo


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. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .
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Takeshita Shizunojo 竹下しづの女 (1887 - 1951)



Born in Fukuoka. Married and had two boys and 3 girls. While bringing up the kids she wrote haiku. Her teachers were 吉岡禅寺洞 Yoshioka Zenjido and 高浜虚子 Takahama Kyoshi.
She became a member of ホトトギス Hototogisu in 1928.

It was the golden age of Female Haiku Writers. 女流黄金時代 杉田久女・長谷川かな女

One of her best-known haiku

短夜や乳ぜり泣く児を須可捨焉(すてつちまおか)

this short night -
shall I throw away my baby
crying for milk ?


© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Far Beyond the Field: Haiku by Japanese Women
edited by Makoto Ueda
Takeshita Shizunojo was one of the few women haiku poets to appear in the early years of modern Japan. Wives, at that time, were responsible for nearly all domestic matters. With a husband and five children, home life was extremely busy and oppressive for her.", . . . . .

- source : books.google.co.jp -


Japanese Women Poets: An Anthology: An Anthology
Hiroaki Sato
..... on the spring lawn Takeshita Shizunojo (1887–1951) A member of Hototogisu, Takeshita Shizunojo formed the Students Haiku Association while

- source : books.google.co.jp -

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- quote -
Takeshita Shizunojo (jap. 竹下 しづの女;
* 19. März 1887 in Yukuhashi; † 3. August 1951 in Fukuoka),
eigentlich Takeshita Shizuno (竹下 静廼), war eine japanische Haiku-Dichterin der Vorkriegszeit.
Leben

Takeshita Shizunojo wurde am 19. März 1887 als erste Tochter des Dorfschulzen Takeshita Hōkichi (竹下 宝吉) und dessen Frau Fuji (フジ) im Dorf Hieda (heute ein Teil der Stadt Yukuhashi), Präfektur Fukuoka geboren.

Aufgrund der Stellung ihres Vaters erhielt sie eine gute Erziehung. 1903, 16-jährig, besuchte sie die pädagogische Frauenlehranstalt in Fukuoka und wurde dort von Suematsu Bōyasu (末松房泰) in Prosa-Literatur, japanischen Waka und chinesischer Dichtung unterwiesen.

Nach ihrem Abschluss wurde sie nach Station an der Kubo-Grundschule in der Provinz Miyako und der Hieda-Grundschule schließlich an der Kokura-Pädagogikschule Hilfslehrerin.

Im Jahre 1912, als sie 25 Jahre alt war, heiratete sie Mizuguchi Hanzō (水口伴蔵), der zugleich in die Familie Takeshita aufgenommen wurde, und zog nach Fukuoka, wo ihr Mann Hanzō an der Landwirtschaftsschule als Lehrer beschäftigt war. Sie schenkte fünf Kindern, zwei Söhnen und drei Töchtern, das Leben.

1919, als sie 32 Jahre alt war, begann sie, Haiku zu schreiben, und wurde von Yoshioka Zenjidō (吉岡 禅寺洞), dem Herausgeber der Zeitschrift Amanogawa (天の川, dt. „Milchstraße", wörtl. „Himmelsfluss") unterwiesen. Später wurde sie die Schülerin von Takahama Kyoshi und als neues Mitglied im Kreis der Haiku-Zeitschrift Hototogisu vorgeschlagen und aufgenommen.

1933, als Shizunojo 46 Jahre alt war, verstarb Hanzō plötzlich an einer Gehirnblutung, woraufhin sie ihre Kinder als Bibliothekarin in der Präfekturbibliothek versorgte. Nach dem Verlust ihres Mannes widmete sie sich mehr noch als zuvor der Haiku-Dichtung.

1937 leitete sie die von ihrem ältesten Sohn Yoshinobu (吉信) während dessen Schulzeit ins Leben gerufene Zeitschrift Seisōken (成層圏, dt. „Stratosphäre"). Später nahm auch Nakamura Kusatao an der Leitung der Zeitschrift teil, die Kaneko Tōta und andere große Talente auf den Weg brachte.

Im 14. August 1945, als der Zweite Weltkrieg auch für Kaiserreich Japan mit einer Niederlage endete, starb Yoshinobu im jungen Alter von 31 Jahren an Tuberkulose. Shizunojo war zu diesem Zeitpunkt 58 Jahre alt.

Zudem verlor sie einen großen Teil der Felder, die sie von ihrem Großvater geerbt hatte, durch Bodenreformen. Um das noch verbleibende Land, das etwa fünf Hektar umfasste, zu bewahren, errichtete sie eine kleine Hütte auf dem Feld und widmete sich dem Reisanbau. Den geernteten Reis sandte sie ihren Kindern nach Fukuoka und kümmerte sich zugleich um ihre altersschwache Mutter.

1949 begann sie, die Haiku-Gemeinschaft der Universität Kyūshū zu leiten, eine Tätigkeit, die sie bis zuletzt fortführte. Sie starb am 3. August 1951, 64 Jahre alt, im Universitätskrankenhaus von Kyūshū infolge der Verschlechterung einer Nierenkrankheit, das der sie bereits lange Jahre gelitten hatte.

Ihre letzte Ruhe fand sie bei ihrem Ehemann und ihrem ältesten Sohn. Auf dem Grabstein sind die Worte Ryokuin ya (緑陰や, dt. „Oh, der Schatten des Grüns") zu lesen.

- source : wikiwand.com/de -


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人絹の鳥追笠の朱ケの紐
jinken no torioigasa no shuke no himo

the vermillion cord
from artificial silk
of the Bird-Chasing straw hat

Tr. Gabi Greve

. tori oi (tori-oi) 鳥追 Torioi "Chasing away the birds" .

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書初やをさなおぼえの万葉歌
kakizome ya osana oboe no manyooka

first calligraphy writing -
a poem of the Manyo-Shu
from my childhood memory

Tr. Gabi Greve


. kakizome 書初め first calligraphy of the year.
On January 2, people take the brush for the first time in the New Year.

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kosaku sogi ni kakawari mo naku ine to naru

unconcerned
with the tenant farmers' dispute
rice plants have grown


- source : Shaanik Nomad -


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Japanese Reference

竹下 しづの女


*****************************
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***** Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets 


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Posted By Gabi Greve to Introducing Haiku Poets and Topics . . . . . WKD on 1/10/2015 09:31:00 pm

4 Jan 2016

TEMPLE - Maegamiji Shikoku 64

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. Shikoku Henro Temple List .
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Maegamiji 前神寺 Maegami-Ji

. 四国お遍路さん Henro Pilgrims in Shikoku . - General Information -

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Nr. 64 - 石鈇山 Ishizuchisan 金色院  Konjiki-In 前神寺 Maegami-Ji

愛媛県西条市洲之内甲1426 / 1426 Sunouchikō, Saijō-shi, Ehime



- quote
The Front God Temple
The temple is located at the foot of Mt. Ishizuchi and was founded by 役行者小角 En no Gyōja while he was engaged in ascetic practices on Mt. Ishizuchi, the highest mountain in western Japan. During these practices, both Sakyamuni and Amida appeared to him in the form of Zaō Gongen. Because it has long been associated with the worship of the god Zaō Gongen in the Shintō tradition, the temple's buildings and shrines are all built in the form of a Shintō shrine. The temple houses a statue of Shaka Nyorai that is attributed to En no Gyōja as well.

According to legend, Kōbō Daishi once spent 21 days on the top of Ishizuchi Mountain performing a Goma ritual and fasting 断食修行 and the Gomonjihō 虚空蔵求聞持法 for 37 days.

Emperor Kammu 天武天皇 dedicated seven shrines and a pagoda to this temple through the Lord of Iyo Province. Frederick Starr notes that the Okunoin is 7 ri up the mountain and only accessible in the summer.
- source : www.shikokuhenrotrail.com

Ishizuchisan, Ishizuchiyama is one of the seven most important mountains for Shugendo and Mountains 山岳信仰. The mountain is 1982 meters high.

- Chant of the temple
前は神後は仏極楽の 
よろずの罪をくだくいしづち
Mae wa kami ushiro wa hotoke gokuraku no yorozu no tsumi o kudaku ishizuchi


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- Homepage of the temple
- source : 88shikokuhenro.jp


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Mount Ishizuchi (石鎚山 Ishizuchi-san)
is a 1,982 metres (6,503 ft) high mountain on the border of Saijō and Kumakōgen, in Ehime, Japan. This mountain is one of the 100 famous mountains in Japan. It is the highest mountain in Western Japan.
Mount Ishizuchi is the highest mountain on the island of Shikoku and also the highest mountain west of Mount Haku. It is known as 'the roof of Shikoku' and the sharp, rocky summit resembles a huge stone hammer (石鎚 ishizuchi).

Mount Ishizuchi is an important object of worship in this region and one of the major centers of Shugendō, a sect of mixture of Shintoism and Buddhism. At the top of the mountain there is a small shrine called the Ishizuchi Shrine. This mountain is also known as one of Seven Holy Mountains (七霊山 nana reizan). There are several sets of heavy iron chains (鎖 kusari) leading up to the summit and this is the route many pilgrims opt to take, the longest set being 68m. However, it is possible to hike all the way to the peak along a trail which includes stairs and ramps with handrails.

The climbing season opens every year on July 1, and women are forbidden from climbing the mountain on this day.Between mid-October and mid-November, people come from far and wide to view the autumn colours.
The area around Mount Ishizuchi is a major part of Ishizuchi Quasi-National Park.
- source : wikipedia -

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source : bradford - facebook

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. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja – Fudo Myoo .



. . Pilgrimages to Fudo Temples 不動明王巡礼
Fudo Myo-O Junrei - Introduction - .


The Five Great Wisdom Kings, Godai Myo-O - 五大明王
. The Five Great Elements of the Universe - 地水火風空の五大 .

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. - Two short Haiku Henro Trips, Summer 2005 - .

. - Photo Album from my visit - .


. 四国お遍路さん Pilgrims in Shikoku . - General Information

Koya San in Wakayama

Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師 空海
(Kooboo Daishi, Kuukai)

. Gyoki Bosatsu 行基菩薩 (668 - 749) Saint Gyōki .


Haiku and Henro:
.... . The Haiku Henro Pilgrimage  

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ] - - - - - #maegamijihenro - - - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 1/04/2016 01:30:00 pm

TEMPLE - sange scattering flower amulets


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sange 散華 "scattering blossoms"


CLICK for more photos !

- quote
As part of the Buddhist training many ceremonies are carried out. One of these involves the spreading petals in order to bless the deceased spirits. This is called 'SANGE'. Originally fresh lotus flowers and petals were used, but now they have been replaced by coloured paper in the lotus petal shape.

At the ceremony, thousands of paper petals are scattered from the roof of the Main Hall. These multicoloured paper petals dancing down from the blue sky creates a fantastical atmosphere. In some temples, well known artists are commissioned to create pictures for these petals, which are then made into woodblock prints and sold as commemorative souveniers. Many people keep them as a small collection art.
- source : sangemuseum.jp



Sange Bijutsukan 散華美術館 Sange Museum Nara


- - - - - Sange from Yakushi-Ji 薬師寺



薬師寺の散華
薬師寺の稚児散華
薬師寺の大講堂落慶記念奉納散華
薬師寺の奉納稚児散華を展示

- source : sangemuseum.jp/gallery -


. 大本山薬師寺 Yakushi-Ji Nara .

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. Shitennō-ji 四天王寺 Shitenno-Ji Osaka .




sange 散華 "scattered blossoms"
blossom-shaped amulets for good luck, with paintings by
Sugimoto Kenkichi 杉本健吉

source : Temple Homepage


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. Kakurinji 鶴林寺 Kakurin-Ji Harima, Hyogo .




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. O-Mamori お守り Amulets and Talismans .

. 薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai 薬師如来 Bhaisajyaguru - ABC .

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- - - - - H A I K U - 俳句 - - - - -

学び児等橋よりふらす散華かな
manabi kora hashi yori furasu sange kana

young students
scatter Sange blossoms
from a bridge . . .


Hara Sekitei 原石鼎 (1886-1951)



. hoo sange 朴散華 Magnolia hypoleuca. Fragrant magnolia. .
- - kigo for early summer - -




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. Pilgrimages to Fudo Temples 不動明王巡礼
Fudo Myo-O Junrei - Fudo Pilgrims - INTRODUCTION .



. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #sangeflowers #scatteringflowers -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 1/03/2016 10:40:00 am

TEMPLE FUDO - Miyukiji Matsuyama

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Miyukiji 御幸寺 Miyuki-Ji
Matsuyama-shi, Miyuki, 1 Chome−442−1



A temple famous for the 天狗 Tengu.

. . Tengu and Japanese Culture . .  
- Introduction -

Mount Miyukisan 御幸寺山

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- source : Bradford on facebook

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. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

天狗泣き 天狗笑ふや 秋の風
tengu naki tengu warau ya aki no kazw

one Tengu cries
one Tengu laughs -
autumn wind




秋の山 御幸寺と申し 天狗住む 
aki no yama miyukiji to moshi tengu sumu

mountain in autumn
it is called Miyuki-Ji
and Tengu live there



秋の水 天狗の影や うつるらん


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. - Join Fudo Myo-O on facebook - Fudō Myō-ō .

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. Pilgrimages to Fudo Temples 不動明王巡礼
Fudo Myo-O Junrei - Fudo Pilgrims .



[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
- - #miyukiji -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Fudo Myo-O - Introducing Japanese Deities at 12/30/2015 09:34:00 PM

TEMPLE - Kakurinji Harima


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yakushipedia - ABC-Index 薬師如来 .
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Kakurinji 鶴林寺 Kakurin-Ji Harima, Hyogo
加古川市加古川町北在家424 / 424 Kakogawachō Kitazaike, Kakogawa-shi, Hyōgo

Nr. 09 on this pilgrimage :
. 播州薬師霊場 Yakushi pilgrim temples in Banshu - Harima / Hyogo 兵庫県 .
- Introduction -

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He sits on iwaza 岩座, a stone podestal, which is quite unusual for a Yakushi statue.

- quote
蓮華じゃなく岩?に座った珍しいお薬師さん。
- source : generalgingerxxx.doorblog.jp/archives

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刀田山鶴林寺 Todasan Kakurin-Ji
Toda no Taishi 刀田の太子




The temple was built on request of Imperial Prince Shotoku in the hope to spread Buddhism. Its original name was Shitennoji Shoryo-In.
It hosts many treasures and cultural property from the Heian and Muromachi Period.


. Imperial Prince Shotoku 聖徳太子 Shotoku Taishi (Daishi) . 574-622

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sange no hana 散華の花 auspicious flower petals

- Homepage of the temple
- source : kakurinji.or.jp

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- Yearly Festivals -



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- Further Information -



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Join the friends on facebook !


. Yakushipedia - ABC-Index 薬師如来 .

. Yakushi Nyorai - Legends from the provinces .

. Yakushi Nyorai Pilgrimages 薬師霊場巡り - Introduction .


. O-Mamori お守り Amulets and Talismans .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC List .


[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ] - - - #kakurinjiyakushi #harimapilgrims - - -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Gokuraku - Jigoku on 1/02/2016 09:58:00 am

31 Dec 2015

EDO Mingei - Hita Tenryo Oita


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. tenryō 天領 Tenryo Government Land "Land of Heaven" .
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Hita 日田市 - Bungo no Kuni Hita 豊後国日田
Part of Bungo is now in Oita prefecture, part in Fukuoka.



- quote -
Hita (日田市 Hita-shi) is a city located in Ōita Prefecture, Japan, that was founded on December 11, 1940. It is an agricultural and industrial centre that primarily produces lumber, furniture, and pottery. Its attractions and scenic beauty also make it a popular tourist destination.
..... Hita is located in the far west of Ōita Prefecture, and borders the neighbouring prefectures of Fukuoka, and Kumamoto. Surrounding cities include Kurume to its west, Nakatsu to the north, and Kusu to the east.
..... Many rivers that run through Hita join up to the Mikuma River. This river was used to distribute lumber to Kurume and Ōkawa at the end of the Edo Period but with the completion of the Yoake Dam, the use of this route stopped.

----- History
In 1593, Hita came under the direct control of the Toyotomi Household as the main city overseeing Kyushu. After the completion of Hinokuma castle and fortification of Nagayama castle, Hita passed from the Toyotomi household to the new Daimyo Tokugawa Ieyasu and became a "Tenryo" town, in which the town was under direct control of the Tokugawa Shogunate. After the Meiji period it was known as Hita Prefecture, and after that, it was assimilated into Ōita Prefecture.
..... During the Edo period, Hita was modeled after Kyoto and its merchant culture, and even now, it is called "Little Kyoto".
- - - - - Festivals
Hina Dolls Festival (February/March)
Cherry Blossom Festival (First Sunday in April): Kizan Park
River Opening Festival (First weekend after May 20)
Gion Festival (First Sunday after July 20)
Tenryo Festival (Third weekend in October)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- quote -
Hita is famous for its quality bamboo and cedar timbers.
This resource made it to a Tenryo.
Hita prospered as tenryo 天領 (direct controlled territory of Edo Shogunate) during the Edo period (1603-1868). It is called "Little Kyoto", and has old buildings standing in a row, even today, near the hot spring resort. In Mameta town, you can enjoy a stroll through the historic streets.
Hita hot spring is known as "spring for birth", and is effective for neuralgia, recovering from fatigue and more.
source : wikitravel.org

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Taio kinzan 鯛生金山 Taio Gold Mine, goldmine
大分県日田市 中津江村合瀬3750



Once the largest gold mine in the East (42 tons), this mine stretched 110km in length. Now about 800m has been recreated as an underground museum to demonstrate the gold mine in the old days.
The gold mine was closed in 1972.

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ayuyana 鮎簗 bamboo fish traps



Along the Mikuma river from July till November.
The fish are caught and grilled with salt

. yana 魚簗 (やな) fish trap .

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Hita geta 日田下駄 geta wooden sandals from Hita



Made from the wood of sugi 日田杉 Hita Cedar trees

. geta 下駄 wooden sandals, clogs .

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Hita Gion Matsuri 日田祇園祭り Hita Gion Festival



The Gion Festival Centre in Kuma-machi provides information about the history and activities of Hita's annual summer festival, and exhibits six full-sized floats which are paraded around the city during the annual Gion Festival.


CLICK for more photos !

日田祇園山鉾会館 Hita Gion Float Museum

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Hita Tenryo Matsuri 日田天領まつり Hita Tenryo Festival
Third weekend in October



This festival celebrates Hita's Edo period, when it was under direct Tokugawa supervision. The highlight is a procession of 200 people through the city in full Edo-period costume. The name of the festival comes from the phrase tenryō, used to describe such direct Tokugawa landholdings (Hita was part of the territory overseen by the saigoku gundai, the deputy of the western provinces).

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Tenryo Hita Doll Festival 天領日田雛まつり
February 15 ~ March 31 豆田町 Mameda-machi, Kuma-machi



Hina Dolls: Suffused with the Traditional Beauty of the Edo Period
The doll festival is a harbinger of spring in Hita's Tenryo district.
The vividly-colored, elaborate dolls and their accoutrements, which were made from the Edo period to the Meiji era, are displayed throughout the area and attract tourists from all over Kyushu.
The exhibitions are held in 20 locations in Mameda-machi and Kuma-machi on either side of the JR Hita Station, and the colorful doll festival atmosphere brightens the neighborhood in a way evocative of ages past.
The dolls on display have been well preserved by commercial establishments in the city. They present an excellent opportunity to see the inherent beauty of traditional crafts, particularly the attractive coloring of the clothing, the workmanship of the accessories, and the unique expression on each doll's face.
The exhibition area itself has many buildings dating from the Edo period and the Meiji era. Mameda has been designated an important traditional architectural preservation district by the national government. Combined with the doll exhibits, the buildings offer visitors a stately sense of history.
Hita is dotted with three-story wood frame buildings that date back three centuries, so visitors can also enjoy the street scenes.
Tenryo Hina Jinya (museum) 天領雛陣屋
- source : fukuoka-now.com/en/article -

The 草野本家 Kusano family Hina Dolls can be viewed at the oldest house in Hita during the tourist season. In the March Doll's Festival, up to 200 of the collection are on display at once.

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kiji uma きじ馬 "pheasant horse"



Kitayamada no kijiguruma 北山田のきじ車 and Kusu village 玖珠町
This model is found in many parts of the Kusu plain, in the north of Oita prefecture. The villages are trying to revive the village life with this toy, especially Oonohara village 大野原 Onohara.
The toy is made from plain wood of the magnolia hypoleuca tree ホオノキ, with two wheels and a saddle.
It was given to a family when a baby boy war born.
It strong and simple making allowed the boy to sit on it and ride it like a horse.
Other villages to make this type are Tobata 戸畑 and Yamaura 山浦.

. Kiji-guruma きじ車 pheasant on wheels - Introduction Kyushu


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Ontayaki 小鹿田焼 Onta ware, Onta pottery
created in the mountain village of Sarayama



- quote -
Onta Kilns 小鹿田焼 / おんたやきOntayaki - (Ondayaki)
... Onta Village is one of the most unique places to discover in all of Japan - and that's not just in terms of its ceramics.
Administratively, Onta is part of Hita City in central Northern Kyushu, right on the Oita side of the Fukuoka - Oita prefectural border.
Hita itself is an ancient town with plenty of historic quarters to visit.
- - - - - Onta Village
The first thing you will notice when you walk into the village, are the ancient style water-powered wooden hammers whacking away at piles of yellow clay. The thump-thump- thump of the hammers echoes through the entire valley, providing a unique soundtrack to your walk. Every house in the village is close to the river flowing through it and they all use the power provided by the water to get their clay powdered - the base of their ceramics.
The principle of the hammers
dates back centuries at least: the wooden beam that carries the hammer has a large hollow carved in. That hollow fills with water, the weight of the water raising the hammer. After a few seconds, the beam is raised by that weight so high up that the water flows out - which lets the hammer whack down. The procedure repeats, repeats and repeats. You can see that some of the beams already have noticeable cracks in them - they will be replaced soon.
The village
consists of ten families, all with their large houses and all with their own kilns.
All pottery here is produced in ancient ways. The water-powered hammers prepare the clay. The clay is then watered by hand and readied for the potter's wheel where the shapes of the plates, cups and bowls are formed by hand while the wheel is driven by the potters' feet. The typical Ontayaki patters are impressed on the ware manually with combs, brushes or irons.
Weather permitting,
the wares are then dried on boards outside the houses before they go into the wood-fired kilns for burning and glazing. No modern machinery is used in the production process at all. All wares are manufactured exactly the way they were when the village was set up 300 years ago.
This, of course,
has been only possible by maintaining a social structure of the most conservative kind. One young woman encountered at a visit to Onta relayed that she had grown up in a modern metropolitan area. She fell in love with an Onta boy and they married. That was the end of going to clubs and bars. She had to become a real potter's wife, spending all her waking hours on the family pottery work. She grew to enjoy that way of living, she said, though she admitted that it was tough in the beginning.
Every family pottery has its own store.
Most likely you will have to go look and find someone of the family and interrupt them in doing some other work to serve you.
- -- - - Onta Ware

Onta Ware is heavy-duty ceramic for daily use. Most of it is basic kitchenware like plates, bowls and tea cups but also vases and traditional drink pitchers. It's beautiful and every piece is handmade and unique.
- source : Johannes Schonherr -
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urushi日田漆 laquerware from Hita
Made from the wood of the Hita cedar trees.


相澤漆器 Aizawa laquer shop - Daruma




蒔絵盃

- Look at more photos : 日田のお雛様
- source : 田中秀子 -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

. - Yamawaro, Yama-Waro やまわろ / ヤマワロ / 山童
"Child of the Mountain" - .

- - - - - and his alter ego
Kappa 河童 "Child of the River"
Yamawaro is a mixture of man and monkey.

yamawaroo 山童 ヤマワロ,yajin 野人
むかし豊後国日田の伏木村で、ある親が泣き止まない子を家から出していたら、声が次第に山の方へ消え入り、子が行方不明になった。10年ほど後に日田に住む小一という者が日向の梓越嶺を歩行中、満身に毛が生えた2~3mの動物と遭遇した。それは人語を話し、我は伏木で行方不明となった子で、今はある者に仕えて数山の主となっていると告げて別れた。これは山童・野人の類である。

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daija no hone 大蛇の骨
筑前国の佐田村に流れる谷川の中に、大蛇の骨が発見された。嘉永6年(1853)に豊後国日田の松原という里で現れた、約10mの大蛇よりも一層大きく、昨年の大地震で圧死したのであろう。長年日田近辺で大蛇を探していた山田兄弟がその骨を買い、図を作って送ってよこした。


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前津江村

貧しい身なりの旅僧(弘法大師)が,芋や大根を洗ったり洗濯をしている老婆にそれらを所望したが,断わったり,洗わない芋を与えたので,その川の水が無くなった。

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- source : nichibun yokai database -
17 to explore (04)

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

日田杉のずんと高むや秋の空
Hita sugi no zun to takamu ya aki no sora

it looks even higher
above the Hita cedars -
this autumn sky


Takazawa Ryooichi 高澤良一 Takazawa Ryoichi




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日田杉の身に入む山に泊りけり
鈴木しげを

日田杉の鉾をそろへて山始
岩崎照子

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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Omamori - Japanese Amulets on 12/28/2015 12:49:00 pm