EDO - Koshu Kaido

Koshu Kaido

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. Kaido 日本の街道 The Ancient Roads of Japan .
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Kooshuu Kaidoo, Kōshū Kaidō 甲州街道 Koshu Kaido Road
The Highway from Edo via Kofu to Suwa

One of the Edo Gokaidoo 江戸五街道 Edo Gokaido, Gokaidō - Edo Five Routes
Five Kaido starting at Nihonbashi, Edo

Koshu Kaido 甲州街道 Kōshū Kaidō
Nakasendo 中山道 . 中仙道 Nakasendō
Nikko Kaido 日光街道 Nikkō Kaidō
Oshu Kaido 奥州街道 Ōshū Kaidō
Tokaido 東海道 Tōkaidō

The Koshu Kaido was especially planned by Tokugawa Ieyasu to secure his route to escape Edo in case of an attack.
He had a group of 100 special armed guards live in Shinjuku to help and protect him in case of need.

. Hyakuninchoo　百人町 Hyakunincho district .
teppoogumi hyakunin tai 鉄砲組百人隊　100 Riflemen Team
Hyakunin (hundred-man) brigade of shooters //100 men musket (teppo) corps
stationed in Shinjuku


From Sekino-shuku (関野宿) there was a possibility to use the river 相模川　Sagamigawa to ship luggage coming from Kyoto to the coast (now to the towns of Chigasaki and Hiratsuka) and from there by boat to Edo.




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There are 44 post stations along the Kōshū Kaidō:

Tokyo
Nihonbashi's highway distance marker, from which modern highway distances are measured
View of Mt. Fuji from Tama River in Fuchū

Starting Location: Nihonbashi (Chūō)
1. Naitō Shinjuku (内藤新宿) (Shinjuku)
2. Shimotakaido-shuku (下高井戸宿) (Suginami)
3. Kamitakaido-shuku (上高井戸宿) (Suginami)

Fuda-Goshuku（布田五宿）Five Stations from Fuda (Chōfu, Chofu)
They are all small posts.
4. Kokuryō-shuku (国領宿) (Chōfu)
5. Shimofuda-shuku (下布田宿) (Chōfu)
6. Kamifuda-shuku (上布田宿) (Chōfu)
7. Shimoishihara-shuku (下石原宿) (Chōfu)
8. Kamiishihara-shuku (上石原宿) (Chōfu)

9. Fuchū-shuku (府中宿) (Fuchū, Fuchu)
10. Hino-shuku (日野宿) (Hino)
11. Hachiōji-shuku (八王子宿) (Hachiōji, Hachioji)

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12. Komagino-shuku (駒木野宿) (Hachiōji)
There was a special barrier (sekisho　関所) to prevent women to get out of Edo and weapons to come into the town. The barrier was beside a steep river.


CLICK for more photos !

At the barrier were two stones, one for the traveller to place his hands 手付き石 tetsuki ishi, while the official checked his papers, and one to place his papers in front of the official 手形石 tegata ishi.

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13. Kobotoke-shuku (小仏宿) (Hachiōji)
Also called 富士見関 because Mount Fujisan could be seen from here.
There were no lodgings at this station.

Kanagawa Prefecture
14. Ohara-shuku (小原宿) (Sagamihara)
15. Yose-shuku (与瀬宿) (Sagamihara)
16. Yoshino-shuku (吉野宿) (Sagamihara)
17. Sekino-shuku (関野宿) (Sagamihara)

Yamanashi Prefecture / Kōfu
18. Uenohara-shuku (上野原宿) (Uenohara) - Momotaro legend
19. Tsurukawa-shuku (鶴川宿) (Uenohara) - Momotaro legend
20. Notajiri-shuku (野田尻宿) (Uenohara)

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21. Inume-shuku (犬目宿) (Uenohara)- Momotaro legend



甲州犬目峠 Inume Toge Pass by Katsushika Hokusai 葛飾北斎 　

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22. Shimotorisawa-shuku (下鳥沢宿) (Ōtsuki, Otsuki) - Momotaro legend
23. Kamitorisawa-shuku (上鳥沢宿) (Ōtsuki) - Momotaro legend

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24. Saruhashi-shuku (猿橋宿) (Ōtsuki) - Momotaro legend
It was famous for its 猿橋 Saruhashi, the "Monkey Bridge".



- quote -
Located in Otsuki is one of Japan's most famous bridges. The 1300 year old wooden bridge crosses the Katsura River in Yamanashi as it flows between two high cliffs. The ingenious cantilevered design is said to have been inspired by monkeys holding hands to cross the river. Obviously it must have been rebuilt many times, but the basic design has never been changed.
- source : japantravel.com/yamanashi -

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25. Komahashi-shuku (駒橋宿) (Ōtsuki, Otsuki)
26. Ōtsuki-shuku (大月宿) (Ōtsuki) - Momotaro legend
27. Shimohanasaki-shuku (下花咲宿) (Ōtsuki)
28. Kamihanasaki-shuku (上花咲宿) (Ōtsuki)
29. Shimohatsukari-shuku (下初狩宿) (Ōtsuki)
30. Nakahatsukari-shuku (中初狩宿) (Ōtsuki)
31. Shirano-shuku (白野宿) (Ōtsuki)
32. Kuronoda-shuku (黒野田宿) (Ōtsuki)

33. Komakai-shuku (駒飼宿) (Kōshū)
34. Tsuruse-shuku (鶴瀬宿) (Kōshū)
35. Katsunuma-shuku (勝沼宿) (Kōshū)
36. Kuribara-shuku (栗原宿) (Yamanashi)
37. Isawa-shuku (石和宿) (Fuefuki)
38. Kōfu-shuku (甲府宿) (Kōfu, Kofu)
39. Nirasaki-shuku (韮崎宿) (Nirasaki)
40. Daigahara-shuku (台ヶ原宿) (Hokuto)
41. Kyōraiishi-shuku (教来石宿) (Hokuto)

Nagano Prefecture

42. Tsutaki-shuku (蔦木宿) (Fujimi, Suwa District)
43. Kanazawa-shuku (金沢宿) (Chino)
44. Kamisuwa-shuku (上諏訪宿) (Suwa)
Ending Location: Shimosuwa-shuku 下諏訪宿 (Shimosuwa, Suwa District)
 (also part of the Nakasendō)

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- reference source : free-age.jp/bridgestone-

There are various legends along the Koshu Kaido. Even Momotaro, the Peach Boy, was here!
This story is basically fun with the pun words.
桃太郎伝説もある甲州街道
From the mountain in the North of the road, called 百蔵山 Momokurayama (momo is a pun with momo 桃, the peach) the peach came rolling down the river. It was picked up at 鶴島 Tsurushima (Tsurukawa) in 上野原 Uenohara. From this peach Momotaro was born. When he grew up, he got his helpers, the dog from 犬目 Inume, the 雉 pheasant (bird) from 鳥沢 Torizawa and the monkey from 猿橋 Saruhashi.
They went to Mount 九鬼山 Kukiyama (Mountain of the nine demons) in 大月南方 Otsuki-South
and to Mount 岩殿山 Iwatonosan, Iwadonosan in 大月北方 Otsuki-North to drive away the demons.
One of the demons was wounded and bleeding, so now at the shrine 子神神社 Nenokami Jinja there can be found red soil, remains of the demon's blood.


- reference source : ymnco2.sakura.ne.jp/me/onitue -

The red soil, used for a stone wall in the shrine compound, had to be demolished in 2003 due to the danger of collapsing.

. Momotaroo 桃太郎 Momotaro the Peach Boy .


- 大月桃太郎研究会 - facebook -


. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Fukushima 福島県
平田村 Hirata

The old demon hag from Adachihara in Nihonmatsu 二本松の安達が原の鬼ババア
used to kill and eat travellers on the Koshu Kaido. From others she extracted money or valuable things.


source : rg-youkai.com/tales/ja/07_fukusima

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

安達が原の鬼婆
安達が原の岩屋に鬼婆が住み、旅人を食べる。泊まった僧侶に骸骨の山を見られ、殺そうとしたが観音像とお経の力に近づくことができず、そのうち朝日が昇って、鬼婆は光にやられて死んだ。

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甲州街道こうしゅうかいどう
- reference source : jinriki.info/kaidolist/koshukaido -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

お山開きし甲州街道となりにけり
O yamabirakishi kooshuu kaidoo to nari ni keri

after the opening
of the mountain this becomes
the Old Koshu Road . . .

. Tomiyasu Fuusei 富安 風生 Tomiyasu Fusei .
(1885 - 1979)


. yamabiraki 山開 "opening the mountain" .
- - kigo for late summer - -

Usually a ritual at a shrine at the foot of the mountain, with members then climbing the mountain for the first time in this new season.


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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


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SHRINES Aburahi Jinja in Shiga

https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.jp/2016/10/aburahi-jinja-shiga.html

Aburahi Jinja Shiga

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. Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .
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Aburahi Jinja 油日神社 Aburahi Shrine, Shiga



滋賀県甲賀市甲賀町油日1042 / 1042 Kokacho Aburahi, Koka, Shiga

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Located in Koka, Shiga Prefecture, not much is known about the establishment of Aburahi-jinja but it is known that Shotoku Taishi founded it. Long ago it is said that the god 油日大明神 Aburahi-dai-myojin ascended the nearby mountain of Aburahidake; upon his ascent he emitted a dazzling light like that of oil that was lit on fire, and thus the name 油火"Aburahi" was given to the mountain.
Due to this legend, this shrine receives much reverence from people who work in the oil industry. The shrine has an unusual "straight line" layout with a solemn "romon" gate, prayer hall, and main hall. All of these were constructed during the Muromachi Period (1336 - 1573) and all of them are designated as Important Cultural Property of Japan.
There are also trees on the premises that are over 700 years old and an umbrella pine tree that is designated as a Natural Monument of Shiga Prefecture.

Every year on the first of May a "Taiko Dance" is held as a prayer for rain; this is designated as an Intangible Folk Cultural Asset of Japan.
Another event that is held is the "Yakko-buri"(Yakkofuri); this event is held every 5 years and involves a procession of over 60 people singing unique songs and wearing eye-catching costumes. This event is designated as an Intangible Folk Cultural Asset of Shiga Prefecture.
- source : japanhoppers.com/kansai

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- - - - - Deitiy in residence - - - - -
Aburahigami, Aburahi no Kami 油日あぶらひ神
油日大神 Aburahi no Okami
In the Eastern Hall 東相殿に罔象女神 - Mizuba no Me no Kami
In the Western Hall 西相殿に猿田彦神 - Sarutahiko no Kami

This deity brings good luck and winning in war and was thus revered by the Samurai.
And also by merchants dealing in abura - Oil.


福大夫面 面、長さ20cm、巾14.8cm、mask



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福大夫面附ずずい子 mask and zuzuiko figure
ずずい子全身像、丈52cm

徳川の末まで毎年正月初申の夜、拝殿にて上・下の瀬古神主家が勤めていた稲講会、種蒔神事に用いた祭具で、面は、長さ20cm、巾14.8cm、背面には 「奉寄進正一位油日大明神田作福太夫神之面、永正5年（1508）戊辰6月18日櫻宮聖出雲作（花押）」の銘があり、ずずい子は全身像で丈52cm、背面 には「出雲明秀（花押）」の銘があり、花押、出雲などから見て同一人の作と思われる。
ずずい子は鈴の転訛で男のほめ言葉らしい。
彫りは共に素朴で美しく力強い線を出して名工の作とされている。稲講会の歌は21あり、宝暦、安永の古器古書に書き残されている。永禄八年（1565）、 足利義昭将軍当時、覚慶公方が当社にお参りしてこの面をかぶり、ずずい子を抱いて「われは油日のくぐつなり」と自嘲したことはあまり世に知られていない。
- reference source : fdi.ne.jp/koka/koka2.html -

zuzuiko is a word deformation of suzu 鈴 (bell), referring to a strong man with a large penis. It is a symbol of fertility and agricultural blessings for a good harvest.
This figure dates back to about 1508 or 1509. It is about 52 cm high.

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- - - - - The Shrine was founded by
聖徳太子 Prince Shotoku Taishi (574 - 622)
or
用明天皇朝 Yomei Tenno (? - 587) - or - 天武天皇 Tenbu Tenno (? - 686)


. tenpi, tenbi, tenka 天火 "fire from heaven" .
天火（落雷 rakurai） lightning
hi no tama 火の玉 ball of fire
and aburabi 油火 "oil fire"


Aburahidake 油日岳（694m）



The whole mountain Aburahidake is seen as the female deity
. Mizuha no me no kami 罔象女神 Mizuba no Me no Kami .


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shuin　朱印 stamp



omamori お守り amulets - Daruma in five colors


- - - - - HP of the Shrine
- source : aburahijinjya.jp-

The shrine has often been a part of TV dramas:
油日神社の映画ロケ情報
- reference source : aburahijinjya.jp/roke -

- quote -
朝野の崇敬と甲賀の総社 The most important of the Shrines of Koka
元慶以降御代々々神階は累進して弘和の頃正一位に昇り給い、明応の棟札を始め古書古器皆正一位油日大神と見えている。この神階奉授のこと、或は朝臣参向の こと共朝廷の御崇敬の厚かったのを窮い得る。中世に入ると、或は明応の本殿再建、永禄の楼門建立となり、或は天正年間永代神領百石の寄進、元和奉献の鐘楼 など甲賀武士及地頭領主等の数々の尊信の跡を残している。然もこゝに特筆すべきは、郡下官民が当社を以て「江洲に無隠大社」と仰ぎ「甲賀の総社」としてそ の御神徳を敬いまつったことである。
即ち明応年間本殿造営の御奉加は実に近郷一円に亘り、油日谷、大原谷、佐治谷、岩室郷に於いて 頭殿 をはじめ多くの所役をつとめて当社大祭を奉仕し来たことは千年来の事実である。岩室の鎮守瀧樹神社、小佐治の明神佐治神社、石部の古社吉御子吉姫神社等の 間に現に存している幾多の縁由、杣、横田、野洲、遠くは大戸の地域に及ぶ郡下全円その史実古伝に於いて或は神輿を頒ち、之を祭り、祭日を特定し、或は分霊 と伝え、親子の縁を称し、その崇敬の跡を豊富に存している。
野洲川（天安河）の上流祝詞ケ原の聖地からは、常に油日大神と天照大神が遙祭されていた。かくして現に崇敬者は郡下四万余戸に及んでいる。この深い広い崇 敬は即ち社頭の隆盛となり、維新前はその神領に於ても野山除地村内にて五百四十余町歩、近郷にて千百三十余町歩の山手米を有し、境内亦十一町三反七畝歩を 算した。
現に楼門内社前の壮厳な結構は六町歩の神奈備と相俟って他にその例なく、
よく「甲賀の総社」としての真面目を呈している。
- reference source : aburahijinjya.jp/yuisyo -

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Yearly Festivals　年中行事

Yakkofuri 奴振 Yakko-furi
and Taiko Odori 太鼓踊 Drum Dance
This festival is held every five years on May 1. The last time was in 2016

この油日神社の祭礼として行われる油日祭りは、平年は4月25日に行われる獅子の布付け神事に始まり、6日間にわたる獅子巡行を経て、5月1日に御輿渡御で終る。



油日祭りの奴振・甲賀市 - with more photos
- reference source : shigabunka.net/archives -



CLICK for more photos !

- reference : aburahi shrine yakko -

. yakko 奴 halberd-bearers and servants of a Daimyo .


2月18日　祈年祭 New Year Ritual

9月11日　岳ごもり - staying at the top of the mountain and burning a ritual fire all night.
油日岳頂上にて徹夜でご神火を焚き上げ参籠

9月13日　大宮ごもり - Autumn Festival
11月23日　新嘗祭 Niiname Ritual

諸願成就月次祭　- 毎月1日 Monthly rituals on the 1st.
油の月次祭 - 毎月13日 Monthly rituals on the 13th.

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. Shootoku Taishi, Shōtoku Taishi 聖徳太子 Prince Shotoku Taishi .

- Reference : 油日神社
- Reference : aburahi jinja


. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- - - - -　 H A I K U　 - - - - -

油日の神の御饌田の田亀かな
aburahi no kami no gosaiden no tagame kana

the giant water bug
from the Shrine fields of the God
Aburahi no Kami . . .

岡井省二 Okai Shoji (1925 - 2001)
Haiku poet from Mie.

. tagame 田亀 / 水爬虫(たがめ) "field turtle" .
Japanese giant water bug / beetle / Lethocerus deyrollei
- kigo for all summer -

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Ohaga Misaki Art World Ichinomiya

http://ohaga.blogspot.jp/2016/10/misaki-art-world.html

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美咲芸術世界 / Misaki Art World





東京から、パリから、県内各地からアーティストが美咲町に集結。
美咲町の各箇所に壁画、造形作品等を制作。
美咲町で世界の作品と出会えるイベントのオープニングイベントへcome on!!
大はが伝統の一宮神社で、世界で活躍中のバリ舞踊家、小谷野哲郎氏の舞台や、美味しい屋台も出店します。
小谷野哲郎氏　 Koyano Tetsuro
Bali Dance バリ舞踊
- reference : facebook.com/koyano -

八幡神社一宮 Ichinomiya Hachimango Ohaga
. source : facebook



























Thank you all !

. Friends of Ohaga - September 2016 .



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美咲芸術世界



- source : Misaki Art World - facebook -

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. 和田北 一宮神社 Wadakita Ichi no Miya .


. Friends of Ohaga - Facebook .


大垪和　。。。道の駅に戻る –　Michi no Eki - BACK

岡山県美咲町大垪和西

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Mingei Ryotsu Kankichi Kochikame

http://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.jp/2016/09/ryotsu-kankichi-manga.html

Ryotsu Kankichi Manga

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .
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Ryotsu Kankichi and Kochikame Manga
and temple 種徳院 Shutoku-In

quote
Kankichi Ryotsu (両津勘吉 Ryōtsu Kankichi), often affectionately called
"Ryo-san" (両さん Ryō-san),


is the main male protagonist/antagonist of the long-running Japanese manga and anime series Kochikame by Osamu Akimoto. He is appointed as the Chief Patrol Officer of the Kameari Kouen-Mae Police Box.

Ryoutsu is a middle-aged man of a rather short but robust stature, who sports a crew-cut hairstyle and noticeably thick bouts of body hair, plus visible stubble. His similarly extra thick and curvy 'm'-shaped unibrow is his most famed asset, and serves as the signature image associated with Kochikame in general due to its uniqueness and familiarity with local Japanese fans.

While on duty, he is always depicted wearing his blue police officer uniform, i.e. blue pants and coat which cover his white buttoned shirt underneath, plus black tie. Unlike most other police officers from the series who wear the same uniform as he, Ryotsu keeps his sleeves rolled up to just above the forearm, similar in fashion to Honda. He also has the tendency to favour wearing wooden sandals (called 'geta') whilst at work, but is able to run at rather tenaciously fast speeds with them on (which may, or may not be, the reason as to why he does not wear black shoes).

In his spare time, Ryotsu commonly wears shirts and long pants when out with the others. Holiday episodes set in summer or beach holiday spots usually have him wearing an island shirt with shorts, sunglasses and sandals. When in the midst of intense physical work, he appears to favour wearing white sleeveless tops and jeans or trousers, and may sometimes choose to go shirtless.

. . . . . Background:
source : kochikame.wikia.com/wiki

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Shuutoku-in 種徳院 Shutoku-In
栃木県佐野市戸奈良町960 Ibaraki, Sano town

Kankichi is one of the こち亀六地蔵 Kochikame Roku Jizo statues in the temple compound

こちら葛飾区亀有公園前派出所
The six statues are modeled after the characters of the Manga.



People come here to pray for traffic safety.

The temple was founded in 1438. The main hall now war rebuilt in  1853.
There is a large bell tower in the compound.
A hall for the Kannon Pilgrim Number 21 of the
Sano Bando pilgrimage to 33 Kannon temples.
佐野坂東三十三ヶ所の二十一版札所の観音堂.



- reference source : wakataketei-onigiri -



.
Jizoo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 Jizo Bosatsu Kshitigarbha .

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Reference : kankichi ryotsu .


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. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .


. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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TENGU - Zegaibo from China

http://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2016/09/zegaibo-tengu.html

Zegaibo Tengu

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Zegaiboo, Zegai-bô 是害坊 Zegai-Bo, Zegaibo Tengu
Zenkaiboo 善界坊 Zenkaibo, Zenkai-Bo

Around 966, came all the way from China to challenge the power of the Tengu of Japan.
First he went to 愛宕山 Atagoyama to see Nichiraboo 日羅坊 Nichira-Bo, Nichirabo (Taroboo 太郎坊 Taro-Bo).
Nichira-Bo told him this would not work, so Zengai-Bo went further to Mount Hieizan (Hiei-zan). There lived
比叡山 法性坊 - Hosei-Bo and others.
They were much more powerful then Zegai-Bo, and he was beaten very strongly by a young novice. He even burned his wings. He was hurt badly but the kind Tengu eventually tried to heal him in a hot bath in Kamogawa 加茂川に湯屋.
When he was better, they even organized a large good-bye party for him.
Then he returned to China.
(As told in the Konjaku Monogatari legends.)


. Hieizan 比叡山 and its Tengu .

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Zegaiboo-emaki Zegai-bô emaki 是害坊絵巻　Zegaibo Emaki scroll
"The Story of the Mountain Goblin Zegaibo" - 'The Tale of Zegaibo'



- Look at the 12 scrolls here:
- source : New York Public Library -


Zenkaiboo 善界坊絵巻 Zenkaibo Emaki

This image shows a Japanese Tengu, bringing a large radish (daikon　大根) for the fare-well party of Zenkai-Bo.


source : kuusan26bu/39210836


- quote -
Frühe bildliche tengu-Dar­stel­lun­gen (etwa die des diabolischen Zegai-bō, s.u.) zeigen jeden­falls einen Krähen-tengu. Erst später setzte sich die Auf­fas­sung durch, dass nur die min­deren tengu vogel­gestal­tig seien. Gleich­zeitig sollen alle tengu aus Eiern schlüp­fen.


Zegaibō, ein chinesischer Krähen-tengu in Mönchsgewand
(Zegai-Bo, a chinese craw tengu in a monk's robe)

- - - Zegaibō emaki - - -
Gefangennahme und Züchtigung des Zegaibō, eines tengu aus China, durch Tempelknaben auf Berg Hiei.
Illustration einer mittelalterlichen Legende, die von einem chinesischen tengu erzählt, der im Jahr 966 Japan besucht, um sich hier mit den wunderkräftigsten Mönchen auf Berg Hiei zu messen. Er erleidet dabei drei mal hintereinander herbe Demütigungen.
Schließlich erbarmen sich japanische tengu ihres Kollegen, pflegen ihn gesund und schicken ihn zurück nach China.
- source : univie.ac.at/rel_jap -


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Zegaibo Ekotoba 是害坊絵詞 / Zenkaibo Ekotoba　

- quote
STUDIES ON THE SCROLL-PAINTINGE "ZEGAIBO EKOTOBA."
BY SHINSEI MOCHIZUKI - AUGUST 1935
There are two different types of scroll-painting called "Tengu Zoshi." One represents the reckless conduct of the monks in the monks in the seven great monasteries, satirizing them by an allegrory of tengu, the Japanese name for an imaginary deity of Chinese origin; this we call "Tengu Zoshi E."

The other which is known as "Zegaibo Ekotoba" or "Zenkaibo Ekotoba", depicts a humorous story about the tengu. A scroll which is now in the possession of Viscount Aoyama has hithreto been claimed as the only one to represent this kind of "Tengu Zoshi" known to us, but unfortunately, this scroll seems to be incomplete.

Mr. Shinsei Mochizuki, who has lately discovered a complete version of the "Zegaibo Ekotoba" consisting of two scrolls in the treasury of the Manjuin Monastery in Kyoto, has taken them up for the first time in the present issue of our publication.
The scroll in question are painted in color on paper and measure 24.1 cm. in height. (The complete scrolls are reproduced on P1. VIII-XI) The inscriptions written at the end of the second scroll indicate that they have been copied three times so far, first in 1308, second in 1329, and third year of Bunwa (1354).

Contrary to the scroll in the possession of Viscount Aoyama which is painted timidly in the orthodox way, the present pictures are more or less free from orthodox formalities and painted in an easy manner. They show an unique force of expression which is far beyond the manneristic painting of the Tosa school of those days.
- source : tobunken.go.jp/~bijutsu



是害房と日羅房 Zegai-Bo and Nichira-Bo


. . . CLICK here for Photos of the scroll !
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- quote -
Battling Tengu, Battling Conceit:
Visualizing Abstraction in the Tale of the Handcart Priest
By Kimbrough, R. Keller

The sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century Tale of the Handcart Priest tells of an eccentric Zen practitioner's encounter with the legendary Tarobo, a tengu of Mt. Atago who is attracted to the priest because of the priest's excessive pride. This article provides a close reading of The Tale of the Handcart Priest in its historical and literary context, drawing upon such related works as the noh plays Kuruma-zo and Zegai, the otogizoshi Matsuhime monogatari and Itozakura no monogatari, and the puppet play Shuten Doji wakazakari. I discuss the significance of tengu, carts, and handcart priests in Japanese textual and pictorial sources from the twelfth through eighteenth centuries, as well as the possibilities for psychological realism in the larger world of medieval Japanese fiction. Taking a psychoanalytic interpretive approach, I argue that in Kuruma-zo soshi and other medieval and Edo-period literary sources, characters' struggles with tengu can often be read allegorically as externalized depictions of those characters' internal struggles with their own "demons" of conceit.
- source : questia.com/library -

- reference : handcart priest -


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. 四十八天狗 - 48 famous Tengu of Japan .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #zegaibo #chinesetengu #Zenkaibo -
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TEMPLE - Kosho-Ji Iwafune

http://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2016/09/koshoji-iwafune-tochigi.html

Koshoji Iwafune Tochigi

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Kooshooji 高勝寺 Kosho-Ji, Tochigi
岩船山 高勝寺 Iwafunesan, Iwafune-San Kosho-Ji



〒329-4307 栃木県下都賀郡 岩舟町静３ / Tochigi, Shimotsuke-gun, Iwafune-machi, Shizuka 3

This is one of the three most important temples in honor of
Jizo Bosatsu　地蔵菩薩.

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高勝寺 History of Kosho-ji
Priest Myogan, living in Daisen, Tottori, had a desire to meet a living Jizo (a Buddhist saint) and so, went on a trip to east Japan. He traveled and looked for Jizo, and eventually arrived at Iwafune. As dusk fell, he found a mountain hermitage in the middle of the rock, where a man called Igabo lived. Igabo kindly gave him a night's lodging, and told him a living Jizo would come out on the top of the rock on the 18th and 24th of every month. The priest was happy to hear that and asked Igabo if he could stay at the hermitage for a while.

One day a villager visited Igabo to help him plow a field on the following day. Then a different villager came and told him that he wanted Igabo to thatch his roof the next day. Then another villager appeared and asked him to plane boards for his house, also on the next day. Then yet another villager asked Igabo to dig a well —you guessed it— the next day. Igabo answered "Sure!" to all of them. Myogan murmured, "It looks strange. He received all these requests, but how can he do everything in one day?"

The next morning, Igabo left the hermitage and began to do the work. The priest Myogan followed Igabo secretly. But soon Myogan was given the slip. So, he went around the places where Igabo should have been helping. To his surprised, Igabo was working very hard at all the places he promised.

Igabo came back to the hermitage at night. Myogan thought Igabo must be exhausted from the hard work. But he said in a happy voice, "Let's get up early and go to see a living Jizo tomorrow!"

Early in the morning, Myogan and Igabo scrambled up the rocky mountain and reached the summit. Just at that moment, the sun rose and birds chirped. Myogan sat on a rock and prayed wholeheartedly that a living Jizo would come. Finally, brilliant light was released from the sky and a Jizo appeared. Myogan felt supreme bliss for a while. When Myogan came to, he found himself alone. Myogan was so happy that he didn't realize Igabo had left.

After that Myogan returned to his homeland. And the next year, he came back to Iwafune to see Igabo. But he couldn't find the hermitage Igabo had lived in. He asked some villagers about Igabo, but no one knew about the hermitage or Igabo. He was sad. And then he went to the place the hermitage used to be, and found a stone Jizo statue there. Myogan looked at the Jizo statue carefully, and suddenly realized that the face of the Jizo was exactly the same as Igabo. Eventually, Myogan understood that the living Jizo was Igabo himself!

Myogan established a temple on the rock of Iwafune and enshrined the Jizo statue in 771. After that, Myogan protected the temple and did his best for the villagers, much as Igabo had. Since then, the number of Jizo statues has been increasing, due to the donation of believers.

Tochigi Iwafune-san Kosho-ji Temple
Iwafune-san Rock looks like a boat left on the broad Kanto Plain.
The rock itself has been deified and is worshiped as a god. It is considered to be the place where spirits get together and come back to the next world. The top of the rock has been a sacred place for more than 1200 years and Kosho-ji Temple has been a great support to people living in all over the Kanto district.
- - - - - Jizo statues
There are huge numbers of Jizo statues in this temple. People believe Jizo bless barren couples with children, help mothers with safe deliveries and bless the children with health—all through divine grace. The origin of these Jizo statues is based on the folklore described below.
- - - - - Nio-mon Gate
- - - - - Three-story pagoda
- - - - - Rocky cliffs
The highest point of the rock is 173 meters above sea level. The edges of this rocky mountain are all cliffs, with Jizo statues scattered around along the edges. ...
- source : Tomoko Kamishima 2013 -



shooshin Jizoo 生身の地蔵 living Jizo at 下野の岩船 Mount Iwafune in Shimotsuke (Tochigi).
Iwafune Jizoo 岩船地蔵 Iwafune Jizo

Guseiboo Myoogan 弘誓坊 明願 Guseibo Myogan, priest from 大山 Mount Daisen, Tottori,
came to Tochigi in 777 (宝亀8).

Igaboo 伊賀坊 Igabo, Iga-Bo

Later 徳川吉宗 Shogun Yoshimune had the main hall rebuilt, but it was lost in a fire in 1926.
The pagoda dates back to 1751.



Mount Iwafunesan

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shuin 朱印 temple stamp




- Homepage of the temple kousyouji
- source : www.iwafunesan.com

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- Yearly Festivals 年中行事 -



During the Spring and Autumn Equinox, many visitors come to look at the many Jizo statues to find the face of a loved one.


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. Jizoo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 Jizo Bosatsu Kshitigarbha .
- Introduction -

. Legends about Jizo Bosatsu - 地蔵菩薩 .

. O-Mamori お守り　Amulets and Talismans .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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GOKURAKU - Daibutsu in Kyoto

http://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2016/09/daibutsu-kyoto.html

Daibutsu Kyoto

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Daibutsu in Kyoto 京都の大仏様

. daibutsu 大仏 Big Buddha statues .
- Introduction -
The best known are in Nara and Kamakura.

There have been four BIG BUDDHA statues build in Kyoto in the course of history, but all of them are now lost.


京都大仏御殿盛衰記 - 村山修一



（『都名所図絵』より、赤丸内に大仏の顔が見える）
Miyako Meisho Zue : The face of the Daibutsu can be seen in the red circle.
Now there is a public park : 大仏殿跡緑地公園

- reference source : shihobe505/archives -


. Hookooji, Hōkō-ji 方広寺 Hoko-Ji .

Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 ordered its construction to appease the souls of the Tensho earthquake victims, January 18, 1586, with a magnitude of M 7.8.
He had a sculptor from China make a huge wooden statue.　
It was then covered with clay and laquer and finally gold foil.

Hideyoshi was determined that the capital city should have a Daibutsu temple to surpass that of Nara.
He is reputed to have claimed at the outset that he would complete construction in half the time it took Emperor Shōmu to complete the Great Buddha of Nara.



The hall and the statue was destroyed by the Bunroku earthquake before it was finished in August 14,1596.
Two years later, Hideyoshi died.

His son Toyotomi Hideyori 豊臣秀頼 re-built the temple and statue, this time to be cast in bronze to make it last.
But it was again destroyed by fire in 1602.
The next reconstruction was finished in 1612.
That was when the huge bronze bell was cast.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



　Construction of the Great Buddha by Hideyoshi
秀吉の大仏造立 - 河内将芳 Kawauchi Masayoshi

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- quote
The 24-meter-high Kyoto Daibutsu (no longer extant) of Hōkōji Temple 方広寺 was built during the reign of Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 (1536-1598).
Toyotomi founded this Tendai-sect temple and ordered the creation of its giant monument to honor the spirit of his dead mother and his ancestors. After his own death it became the Toyotomi mortuary temple. Construction of the giant statue reportedly took only three years (as compared to 20 years for the Nara Daibutsu).
The wood image was made by noted sculpture Kōshō 康正 (1534-1621), the head of the Shichijō Bussho 七条仏所 (Seventh Avenue Atelier), a major sculpting workshop of the Keiha school located in Kyoto. However, the statue was destroyed by an earthquake soon after its completion in 1596.
Another statue was soon commissioned, this time in bronze, but it was destroyed in an accidental fire during the casting process in 1602.
A third effigy was commissioned between 1609 and 1616, but it was ruined in another natural disaster in 1622.
A fourth statue, this time made of wood, was created in 1664 by the Buddhist sculpture Genshin 玄信 (active mid-17th century, part of Kōshō's lineage). It was destroyed by lightning in 1789.


Tokyo National Museum

All that remains of this once spectacular landmark is a small wooden maquette (hinagata 雛形) attributed to Genshin.
Note:
Tokyo National Museum attributes the maquette to sculptor Fujimura Chūen 藤村忠円, a student of Genshin. But research by Chō Yōichi (published in TNM's own journal, #554, June 1998) explains why Genshin is the likely creator.


Mode, Attributed to Genshin 玄信.

--- Says scholar Beatrice M. Bodart-Bailey
in A Song for the Shogun: Engelbert Kaempfer and 17th-c. Japan:
"The only detailed pictorial record of the Kyoto Daibutsu is from the drawings of the German physician Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1712), who stayed in Japan from 1690 to 1692. In his writings, he noted the particulars, from the 'long bovine ears' and the 'frizzy hair' to the fact that there would be space enough for three Japanese mats on its outstretched palm. He measured out the distances for a more detailed record, and noted that the width between the shoulders was equivalent to fifteen paces."
(Site Editor: The effigy he witnessed must have been the statue built in 1664.)

--- Says scholar Jens Hvass in 1999:
..... The Daibutsu at Tōdai-ji in Nara in 752.
..... The Daibutsu in Kamakura in 1252.
The third big Buddha figure was erected in Kyoto in the late 16th century by the big upstart in Japanese history, Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537-98). It was even bigger than its two predecessors were, and by that time in Japanese history, legitimization through architectural manifestations seems to have become an unquestionable necessity of power positions."
- source : Mark Schumacher



Sketch of Hōkōji Daibutsu by Kaempfer - wikipedia -

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- quote -
京都 ～まぼろし大仏の旅～
東福寺
・京都の町の南東、鴨川のほとりにある正面橋。大仏様の真正面にあったことから名づけられたという。
The bridge Shomen-bashi 正面橋 "Front Bridge" was in the front of the Daibutsu Temple.

・橋の先にある方広寺は４００年ほど前に創建された由緒あるお寺。戦国の頃の文化財も数多く残されている。
・明治時代に撮影した写真に大仏殿が写っている。高さ約１０ｍ、江戸時代の終わり頃に木で造られた。胸から上だけだったが、親しみのあるお顔。
・江戸時代の京都を描いた絵図にも大仏様が載っている。大仏殿を造るため、木材を川から引き上げている。京都の大仏はたくさんの町の人たちの力で造られたが、４代目の大仏だという。
..... more
- reference source : NHK Historia September 2016 -

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Postal stamp : Daibutsu Mae
京都大仏前郵便局　風景印
- reference source : humi.sakura.ne.jp/paco -
方広寺の大釣鐘 Hoko-Ji and the Big Bell


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