Darumapedia

15 Feb 2020

EDO - Mibu Kaido

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/mibu-kaido-highway.html

Mibu Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Mibu Kaido 壬生街道 Mibu Highway
Mibu doori 壬生通り Mibu road / Mibu michi, Mibu do 壬生道
Nikko Nishi Kaido 日光西街道 Western Highway to Nikko

From 日光街道小山宿 Oyama via Kanuma to 日光街道今市宿 Imaichi in 栃木県 Tochigi.

01 小山宿 Oyama
02 飯塚宿Iizuka
03 壬生宿 Mibu
04 楡木宿 Niregi
05 奈佐原宿 Nasahara
06 鹿沼宿 Kanuma
07 文挟宿 Fubasami
08 板橋宿 Sakahashi
09 今市宿 Imaichi

. Nikkoo Kaidoo 日光街道 Nikko Kaido Highway .

mibu 壬生 means place along the water 水辺、水生（みぶ mibu）and refers to a low-lying wetland.
The writing 壬生 was later used for the name and also for the clan which ruled in this area.
It may also be a version of the Mibu Be （壬生部、みぶべ), a 乳部 wet-nurse to the Emperor.

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- link with many photos on the way
- reference source : kaidouarukitabi.com/rekisi... -

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- quote
Mibu Domain (壬生藩, Mibu han)
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tsuga District of Shimotsuke Province (modern-day Tochigi Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Mibu Castle in what is now part of the town of Mibu, Tochigi. Mibu was ruled through much of its history by a branch of the fudai Torii clan.
- History
The Mibu clan, which had ruled this area since the Muromachi period was destroyed at the Battle of Odawara in 1590, and their lands came under the control of the Yūki clan. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu assigned a 19,000 koku holding in this area to Hineno Yoshiaki, formerly of Takashima Domain in Shinano Province in 1602. Hineno was instrumental in the construction of the Nikkō Tōshō-gū complex, and was rewarded for his efforts in 1634 by a transfer to Funai Domain (20,000 koku).
Mibu was assigned to Abe Tadaaki,
who has served as a Rōjū to Shōgun Tokugawa Iemitsu, with revenues raised to 25,000 koku. He was reassigned in 1639 to Oishi Domain in Musashi Province.
Mibu then came under the control of the Miura clan,
for three generations, until the transfer of wakadoshiyori Miura Akihiro to Nobeoka Domain in 1692.
Shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
then assigned the domain to Matsudaira Terusada, with an increase in size to 32,000 koku, and then 42,000 koku; however, he remained for only 3 years until his reassignment to Takasaki Domain. The domain was then reduced back to 25,000 koku and given to Katō Akihide, also a former wakadoshiyori, who made many attempts to reform the domain's finances and administration. After his son, Katō Yoshinori was transferred to Minakuchi Domain in 1712, Mibu came under the control of the Torii clan, who then ruled until the Meiji Restoration.
The 6th daimyō, Torii Tadatomi,
sided with the Satchō Alliance in the Boshin War of the Meiji Restoration, and fought in the Battle of Aizu, despite considerable opposition within the ranks of his samurai. The final daimyō, Torii Tadafumi was later raised to the rank of viscount in the kazoku peerage system, and served as the Japanese consul to the Kingdom of Hawaii.
After the abolition of the han system in July 1871, Mibu Domain became part of Tochigi Prefecture. The domain had a samurai-class population of 1693 people in 437 households, per a census in 1870.
- List of daimyōs ...

Mibu (壬生町, Mibu-machi)
is a town located in Tochigi Prefecture
The remains of many burial mounds from the Kofun period can be found in Mibu. During the Edo period, Mibu-shuku was a post station on a branch the Nikkō Kaidō connecting Edo with the shrines at Nikkō,
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Mibudera 壬生寺 Temple Mibu-Dera .
31 Mibunaginomiyacho, Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Tochigi 栃木県

kagami 鏡 mirror
If one stands in front of a mirror at night, at 3:33:33, there will be a different person shown in the mirror.

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Sankai Shonin 三海上人 Saint Sankai
The founder of the temple 行念寺 Gyonen-Ji near the Honguri bridge in the old province of Shimosa 下総国 Shimōsa was 三海上人 Saint Sankai.
He came to help the people of the region during a drought to get some rain. He performed rituals for 7 days without eating but no rain clouds showed up. The villagers got angry and decided to kill him. Just then black clouds appeared and it begun to rain terribly.

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benjokai 便所界 a realm of the toilet
When the boys from the local school go to the toilet and call out
「ノブユキくーん」 Hey Nobuyuki!
there is a hand coming out of the toilet trying to pull the caller inside.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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EDO - Ensho Kaido Salpeter Road

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/ensho-kaido-saltpeter-road.html

Ensho Kaido Saltpeter road

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Ensho Kaido 塩硝街道 Saltpeter Highway
Ensho no Michi 塩硝の道 Salpeter Road

From Kanazawa to Nishi-Akao, Ishikawa prefecture, former Kaga domain.
To transport saltpeter found near 刀利 Tori and 五箇山間 Gokayama to the harbour of Kanazawa.
This road was kept very secret,
Kaga han no kage michi 加賀藩の陰道 "Shadow road of the Kaga domain".
The saltpeter was used for the army and thus kept secret.

Kanazawa 金沢
Odatsuno 小立野
Tsuchishimizu 土清水
Yuwaku hot spring 湯涌(温泉)
Yokodani 横谷
Tori 刀利 (五箇山間) Gokayama
Bunao toge pass ブナオ峠
Nishi-Akao 西赤尾

- quote
塩硝街道の歴史
- source : kaidoaruki.com/area_chubu...

salpeter - saltpetre (UK) - saltpeter (US) - various spellings of the word

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- quote -
About Gokayama
The geographic making of Gokayama allowed the people to secretly produce saltpeter and gunpowder in underground facilities.
In 1585, Gokayama became part of the Kaga Domain under the Maeda family. The mountainous terrain led to the development of the sericulture industry with silkworms, for their cocoons, Japanese washing paper production, and saltpeter, for gunpowder. The money made from production was collected by the Kaga domain.
One of the reasons
for the high-roofed gasshō-style houses was to provide suitable space for all of the producers. The ground floor was where the saltpeter making and living spaces were located. The second floor, which is warmer, was where the silkworms were raised and also had some living spaces.
Saltpeter and black gunpowder production
was a huge industry here, with every home in Gokayama involved. When the demand for enshō (a raw ingredient of gunpowder) rose, up to 20 tons of Kaga enshō were produced here. Both the quantity and quality were the best in the country. ...
Saltpeter Museum (Ensho no Yakata 塩硝の館)
- source : thegate12.com... -

- quote -
Ensho no Yakata 塩硝の館 Salpeter Museum

富山県南砺市菅沼134 Toyama, Nanto city, Suganuma
- reference source : 塩硝の館 -

- quote -

塩硝の作り方 How to make salpeter
- reference source : 金沢市崎浦公民館 -

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五箇山塩硝鉄砲隊

火縄銃演武 Festival

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- quote -
Origin of Japanese gunpowder production and it's first use
Noel Perrin:"Giving up the gun-Japan's Reversion to the Sword,1543-1879"(1979) pointed out that Japan was No.1 in the world for number of gun. But his discription did not touched to gun powder. A gun is only a pipe without gunpowder.
[1.]
How to produce the gun powder?
Ancient times, black gunpowder was a mixture of three fine powders. It consists of 75% saltpeter, 10% sulfur and 15% carbon. The grinding of saltpeter and sulfur are very easy, but grinding of carbon is very hard work, because the origin of carbon is charcoal of special hard wood( Hannoki in Japanese). For the grinding implement, stone mill was used. For pilot light of gunpowder, special fine powder, which was grinding by tea-mill, was used until second world war in Japan.
[2.]
A secret of saltpeter production in Japan Gun was introduced into Japan from Europe 1543 AD. The gun was present from TOKIAKI to a SHOGUN , which mediated by HONGANJI. HONGANJI temple initiate into the secrets to a warrior UESUGI KENSHIN.）. 　
As the production of the gunpowder is a secret, there was no information. We can find the origin of saltpeter in a game of children. Under the floor of old Japanese private house, we could find the crystal of saltpeter. The crystals is play a role of interesting toys. I'm sorry, but the phenomenon was lost by environmental change of sanitary living style. You can understand the mechanism of formation of saltpeter in Fig.1. ...
[3.]
First use of gun was in KAWANAKAJIMA war
Industrial production was started in GOKAYAMA by the of the disciples of HONGANJI. HONGANJI (temple) to oppose ODA NOBUNAGA. On the first use of gun was 1561 at fourth KAWANAKAJIMA war by SHINGEN. 1570A.D. by HONGANJI , NOBUNAGA was surprised very much in SESSHU-NODAFUKUSHIMA. An accepted theory of first use in NAGASHINO must revise by this fact. ...
- source : bigai.world.coocan.jp/msand... -

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- quote -
Saltpeter - Potassium nitrate .-
is a common food preservative and additive, fertilizer, and oxidizer for fireworks and rockets. It is one of the principal ingredients in gunpowder. Potassium nitrate is used to treat asthma and in topical formulations for sensitive teeth. It was once a popular medication for lowering blood pressure.
Niter, or nitre (chiefly British),
is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre. Historically, the term niter was not well differentiated from natron, both of which have been very vaguely defined but generally refer to compounds of sodium or potassium joined with carbonate or nitrate ions.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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8 Feb 2020

HEIAN - sotoba grave marker legends

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2019/11/sotoba-grave-marker-legends.html

sotoba grave marker legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
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sotooba 卒塔婆と伝説 Legends about Sotoba grave markers
sotoba ... Stupa

. sotooba 卒塔婆 wooden grave marker, grave tablet .
- Introduction -
Sotoba 卒塔婆, ソトバ Japanese pronounciation for STUPA.
They are provided by the Buddhist temples who run the funerals.
Usually, the posthumous name is written on a sotoba, a separate wooden board on a stand behind or next to the grave.

On a traditional Japanese grave stone, these five elements are represented as
gorin, the five layers, in the following order:
the earth layer (chirin　地輪), a square
the water layer (suirin 水輪), a spherical shape
the fire layer (karin 水輪), a triangular shape
the wind layer (fuurin 風輪, a half-moon shape
the space layer (fuurin 風輪), gem-shaped

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Akita 秋田県
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平鹿郡 Hiraka district

At the entrance to the 平柳 Hirayanagi hamlet there was a huge tree.
They say it was a 卒塔婆 Sotoba they had planted there many years ago during a ritual for Ekijin 疫神 Yakubyogami, the deity of diseases.

. 疫病神 / 厄病神 Yakubyogami, Deity of Diseases .

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Akita 羽後町 Ugo town

shishida 獅子田 field for the lion head dancer
A traveling artist of the 獅子舞 lion dance had been killed in a fight.
The villagers made a grave for him and prayed, they also erected a grave marker. When the fields were re-arranged, the grave marker fell into a field, which became cursed by the killed lion dancer.

. shishimai 獅子舞 lion dance .

- - - - - - - - - - Ugo Kaido 羽後街道 Ugo Highway - - - - - - - - - -
broke off from Yoshioka 吉岡 leading to Iwadeyama 岩出山.
Uga town is on the on the Ogachi Plain 雄勝平野 Ogachi heiya, bordered by the Dewa mountain range 出羽山脈 Dewa sanmyaku to the West, and the Ōu Mountain range 奥羽山脈 Ou sanmyaku to the East.
The area of present-day Ugo town was part of ancient Ugo Province, dominated by the Satake clan during the Edo period, who ruled the Kubota Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate.

. Matsuo Basho travelling in the region. .

. Dewa Sendai Kaido 出羽仙台街道 .

. Onikobe Kaido 鬼首街道 Onikobe Highway - "Demon Head Highway" .

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
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Fukushima いわき市 Iwaki city 四倉町 Yotsukura town

yakata ni kunda sotoba 家形に組んだ塔婆 / ヤカタニクンダトウバ
In the year 1949, there was a place in the mountain forest where people had collected many Sotoba and put them up to look like a house.
This was a curse and one would get ill for a long time when doing this.

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Fukushima 南相馬市 Minami-Soma city

. hebi 蛇と伝説 Legends about snakes and serpents .
Around 1881, there was suddenly a large number of serpents at the temple 阿弥陀寺 Amida-Ji in 八沢村 Yasawa village. one was even as long as 3 meters, and it did not get out of the way when children came. The young priest told the main priest about it but was told that he should not chase the serpent away, the animal would always eat as it pleases. The young acolyte asked: "Bus what is it that it pleases?" "The raisin of tobacco", he was told as a joke by the priest.
The young acolyte offeres some tobacco raisin to the serpent, but it did not like it and hid in the shadow. The acolyte went back home to his temple and begun to clean the floor. Suddenly he felt a great pain in his stomach, as if a serpent had been rolled round him. The priest prayed to Amida for help and the pain stopped.
Then they built 八沢の蛇塚 a stone mound for the serpent in Yasawa.

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Fukushima 二本松市 Nihonmatsu city - Motomiya

kamoishi, kamo-ishi 鴨石 "duck stone"
Once upon a time, a Samurai passed the swamp 伊佐沼 Isanuma and saw a male duck. He hit its head with an arrow. On his way back he saw a female duck and shot it too. When it fell down the Samurai saw that it was carrying the head of the male duck. The Samurai felt great pity and built a mound with a Sotoba on it, to pray for the appeasement of their souls.
There is now a memorial stone called the "Duck Stone" near the road to 貴船神社 the Shrine Kifune Jinja.

. oshidori オシドリ鴛鴦と伝説 Legends about mandarin ducks .

......................................................................................... Hiroshima 広島県
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sotoba ishi 卒塔婆石 Sotoba stone
Near the water at 大宮鐘楼 the bell tower of Omiya Shrine. There is also an ishidooroo 石灯篭 Ishidoro stone lantern.

. 石灯篭、石燈籠、石燈篭 Ishidoro, stone lantern .

......................................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
A man who had been runin 流人 in exile took his three dogs and went hunting.
On the way the dogs suddenly bit the hunter in the legs to prevent him from going on, so he killed all three of them. There came a large serpent and ate the three heads of the dogs.
The man had been saved by his dogs after all, so he buried them and put three Sotoba markers on their grave.

......................................................................................... Ibaraki 茨城県
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東村 Higashi village

toobada, tooba-da とうば田 field in the form of a Sotoba
There were five fields in the form of a Sotoba.
The family which had made these fields was cursed, some became ill, others went crazy.
Nobody dared to use these fields any more and they turned wild nature again.

......................................................................................... Ishikawa 石川県
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金沢市 Kanazawa city

. ame 飴 sweets .
Once a woman died shortly before giving birth and her grave was made in the temple 道入寺 Donyu-Ji. From that day on every evening there came a woman to 飴屋 the sweet shop to buy sweets. The shop owner thought this strange and followed her. She disappeared near the Sotoba of a grave. When they dug open the next morning they found a baby licking sweets.
The priest of the temple took the baby, called it Doogen 道玄 Dogen and brought the boy up to become a merciful priest.
To always remember the good deed of his ghost mother, he went to the painter 円山応挙 Maruyama Okyo and asked him to paint a hanging scroll of her ghost.

. Maruyama Ōkyo 円山応挙 Maruyama Okyo (1733 – 1795) .

......................................................................................... Kyoto 京都府
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京都市 Kyoto city

yomigaeri 甦 / ヨミガエリ coming back to life
Around 940 priest 日蔵 Nichizo from 東寺 the temple To-Ji died, but he came back to life.
He had been to hell and seen a man in an iron cave sitting on red-hot ashes. The man said
"I am the son of 宇多 Emperor Uda, who had burned down Buddhist temples, and now I must suffer for his bad deeds.
To help me Uda should give me a proper burial and grave with a Sotoba marker."

Nichizoo 日蔵 Priest Nichizo (905 - 967)
A mountain ascet of the Shingen sect. He founded the temple 如意輪寺 Nyoirin-Ji.
At the temple 鳳閣寺 Hokaku-Ji in Nara is a statue of the seated Nichizo.

......................................................................................... Mie 三重県
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熊野市 Kumano city

sakatooba saka tooba 逆塔婆 upside-down Sotoba
When placing the Sotoba upside-down on the grave of a woman, a man who had an illegal relationship with her will die.
- - - - -
When placing a Sotoba upside-down on a grave and writes
shibari o kakeru シバリヲカケル（縄で縛る）"you are now bound"
there will be no ghost coming out of the grave any more.

......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県
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Miyagi 香具郡 Kagu district 金山町 Kaneyama town

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
Once a child was crying by the roadside. It had bought a saltes salmon with one eye, but the parents scolded it about this and had send it off to buy a fish with both eyes.
When it came back, the house was just a hole for a Sotoba.
The fox living nearby was afraid of the fish with one eye and had sent the child of.

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Miyagi 白井市 Shiroi city 白川 Shirakawa

. inu 犬と伝説 Legends about the dog / Hund .
A farmer had a verb beautiful daughter.
When she was a baby, her mother had made her poop in the garden and as a joke told the dog of the house:
"If you eat this, I will give my daughter as a bride!"
When the daughter had grown up and men came to ask for her hand, the dog bit them all to death.
Now the mother remembered her joke of so many years ago and told her daughter about it.
The daughter begun to live with the dog in a nearby cave.
When the dog finally died, they put a 犬卒塔婆石 Sotoba memorial stone on the grave and prayed for its soul.

inu sotoba ishi 犬卒塔婆石 Sotoba memorial stone for a dog
These memorial stones for a pet have Ｙ字の枝 forked branches stuck on them with the name and a prayer.
- reference and more photos : chindera.com/chiba-inusotoba... -

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. inu sotoba ishi 犬卒塔婆石 the grave marker of a dog .
who helped Ono no Takamura 小野篁 (802 - 852) to chase away 大猪 a huge wild boar

......................................................................................... Nagasaki 長崎県
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西海市 Saikai city 西彼町 Seihi town

. Nichiren Shonin 日蓮上人 Saint Nichiren .
Saint ひでん上人 / 日伝上人 / 日傳上人 Hiden Shonin and Saint Nichiren had a match about praying for rain.
To make sure he would win, Hiden Shonin gave some poisoned rice cakes to Nichiren, but Nichiren did not eat them and gave them to a dog instead. The dog ran three and a half time around 銀杏 a gingko tree and then died.
Nichiren buried the dog near the tree and made a 卒塔婆 Sotoba marker like 杖 a pilgrim walking staff from the Gingko wood. He wrote the 法華経 Hokekyo Sutra on the marker.
He said in three and a-half years there would be a new sprout from the staff.
Since the staff had been planted upside down, the leaves also grew upside down.
The leaves are used to our day to prevent food poisoning.

. Hokekyo 法華経 / ホケキョウ Lotus Sutra Legends .

......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
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佐渡市 Sado city

If a 塔婆 Sotoba falls down, there will be an accident on the sea in the direction where it fell.

......................................................................................... Okayama 岡山県
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久米郡 Kume district

If a person has been dead for 50 years, people erect a special mata soba 股塔婆 marker to celebrate that the person has become a Misaki deity.
They also place small stones around the grave.

. Misaki ミサキ / 御先 / 御前 / 御崎 Legends about the Misaki deity .

......................................................................................... Shiga 滋賀県
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高島市 Takashima city

saka tooba 逆塔婆 upside-down Sotoba
(- there is also one in Mie, see above)
If a child is difficult to bring up, the family can place o Sotoba upside-down in the garden.

......................................................................................... Shizuoka 静岡県
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田方郡 Tagata district 函南町 Kannami town

. tanuki 狸 - mujina 狢　－ racoon dog, badger legends .
furudanuki 古狸 old Tanuki
A wandering monk was giving a Buddhist lecture an the 毘沙門堂 Bishamondo hall.
There was a man listening, clutching a 卒塔婆 grave marker in his hand, but he did not understand it. On his way home when he passed 富士川 the river Fujikawa, a dog came and bit him. Now he revealed his real identity, he was an old Tanuki!>

. yugyoo shoonin 遊行上人 Yugyo Shonin, wandering monk .

......................................................................................... Tokushima 徳島県
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徳島市 Tokushima city 佐古町 Sako town

Shinpachi Tanuki 新八狸 Tanuki Shinpachi / 庚申新八狸 Koshin Shinpachi
At the temple 天正寺 Tensho-Ji, the kamikuji 神籤 fortune slips were often lucky.
This was due to the power of the tanuki Shinpachi, who lived nearby.
Shinpachi had lived in the Koshin Valley. Nearby lived 北島藤蔵 Kitajima Fujikura, a retainer of the 峰須賀藩 Hachisuka domain, who was handling fire weapons.
One of the bullets had hit the home of Shinpachi and many of his friends had been killed. Since then Shinpachi had turned very angry.
He asked his Tanuki retainers to shape-shift into an old woman and women of about 20 years and go to the home of Kitajima and play tricks on his men.
Shinpachi himself made the road look like a river when the Lord Kitajima passed by. Shinpachi shape-shifted into a beautiful woman and walked under the same umbrella than Kitajima, but the umbrella was in fact 卒塔婆 a grave marker.
But in the end he killed Kitajima killed the Tanuki, who came back to life after three days.
Many people came to the temple Tensho-Ji to pay respect to the Tanuki.
But very few people came to the temple where Kitajima was buried.

......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
.......................................................................
西多摩郡 Nishi-Tama district

. Mount ミタマ山 Mitamayama, Ihaiyama 位牌山 .
This mountain is a
tatariyama, tatari yama 崇り山 cursed mountain .
Once a Hoin sama 法印様 was killed in a fire in 炭焼き小屋 a hut for making charcoal. Since then the mountain was cursed, its owner was cursed and all people who went there were cursed.
On the side of the mountain facing 峰畑 Minehata village there is now a place called
Tobayama 塔婆山 "Mountain with grave markers".
If people try to work on the fields around there, they will get ill and die.

......................................................................................... Tottori 鳥取県
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西伯郡 Saihaku district 中濱村 Nakahama village

. haibyoo 肺病と伝説 Haibyo, Legends about lung diseases .
If one burns the 塔婆 grave marker of a person who has died on the first of January and swallows the ashes, haibyo 肺病 diseases of the lung will be cured.

......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
.......................................................................
米沢市 Yonezawa city

korori no yuurei コロリの幽霊 the ghost of cholera
In 1876, there was a cholera epidemic and many people died.
Near the place where they were buried, there lived an old man in a hut who kept koi 鯉 carp near the embankment.
One day coming back from feeding the carp, there stood an old woman near his hut. He had never seen the grandma and asked her where she came from.
From 米沢 Yonezawa, she answered. He walked a few steps and turned around, but the old woman was nowhere to be seen.
He thought she must have been the ghost of someone who had died from the choera, so he put a 塔婆 grave marker to appease her soul.

......................................................................................... Yamaguchi 山口県
.......................................................................
光市 Hikari city 熊毛郡島田村 Kumage district, Shimada village

In Shimada village there was the grave of a certain person where people put up shikimi 樒 ritual branches and a Sotoba 卒塔婆 grave marker, but both were thrown away the next morning.
The daughter had a dream about this: Her mother told her not the put these things on the grave because they made too much noise.
Next morning the daughter went to the grave again and said to endure the noise for the usual 49 days after a death.
Since then, all kept quiet around the grave.

. The History of Cremation in Japan / J. M. W. Silver .
The period of mourning began at cremation and lasted 49 days, after which the spirit of the deceased was said to be with ancestral spirits.

. shikimi 樒 Skimmia, Illicium religiosum .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
卒塔婆 - 塔婆

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- #sotoba #tobe #stupa #gravemarker -
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5 Feb 2020

EDO - Mino Kaido Gifu

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/mino-kaido-minoji-highway.html

Mino Kaido Minoji Highway

The route was named after Mino Province, which makes up the southern portion of the modern-day Gifu Prefecture.

- quote -
The Minoji (美濃路, Mino Road) was a 60 km (37 mi) highway in Japan during the Edo period. It was a secondary route, ranked below the Edo Five Routes in importance, and connected Miya-juku on the Tōkaidō with Tarui-juku on the Nakasendō.
The road received much use before and after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600. Fukushima Masanori, the leader of the eastern armies, traveled the Minoji from Okoshi (modern-day Ichinomiya) to Mino Province for the battle. Tokugawa Ieyasu, the victor of the battle, traveled the route afterwards to a hero's welcome.
It was also referred to as the Kichirei Kaidō (吉例街道).
Royal embassies to Tokugawa Japan from Korea traveled along the route ten times. Their general itinerary was they stayed the night in Ōgaki-juku, then rested at either Sunomata-juku or Okoshi-juku, before spending the following night in Nagoya-juku.
Official travelers from the Ryukyu Islands also traveled along the Minoji. Though initially just traveling along the Tōkaidō, they began traveling along the Minoji in 1714.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- Postal stations along the Minoji
Including the starting and ending points, there were only nine post stations on the Minoji.

Aichi Prefecture
1. Miya-juku (宮宿) (Atsuta-ku, Nagoya) (also part of the Tōkaidō)
2. Nagoya-juku (名古屋宿) (Naka-ku, Nagoya)
3. Kiyosu-juku (清須宿) (Kiyosu)
4. Inaba-juku (稲葉宿) (Inazawa)
5. Hagiwara-juku (萩原宿) (Ichinomiya)
6. Okoshi-juku (起宿) (Ichinomiya)

Gifu Prefecture
7. Sunomata-juku (墨俣宿) (Ogaki)
8. Ōgaki-juku (大垣宿) (Ōgaki)
9. Tarui-juku (垂井宿) (Tarui, Fuwa District) (also part of the Nakasendō)

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Another name for this highway was
Kichirei Kaidō 吉例街道 Kichirei Kaido Highway, "auspicious road"
Since it was used by the Shogun and the embassies from Korea.

.......................................................................

Tarui-juku 垂井宿
Hiroshige
Tarui-juku was divided into three parts: western, middle and eastern. Its honjin was located in the middle section. The post town itself served as a major transportation hub for western Mino Province, as it was one end point for the Minoji, which connected the Nakasendō with the Tōkaidō at Miya-juku. It also sat on the banks of the Ai River.
source : wikipedia

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. Tokaido 53 Stations 東海道五十三次 .

. Nakasendo　中山道 .

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Kiyosu-juku 清須宿 Kiyosujuku

source and photos : network2010.org

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Inaba-juku 稲葉宿 Inabajuku

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Hagiwara-juku 萩原宿 Hagiwarajuku

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Okoshi-juku 起宿 Okoshijuku

source : city.ichinomiya.aichi.jp/rekimin...

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Sunomata-juku 墨俣宿 Sunomatajuku

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Ōgaki-juku 大垣宿 Ogakijuku

. 松尾芭蕉 Matsuo Basho in Ogaki .

At the Ogaki Town Museum for the End of the Trip

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- quote -
Mino Province (美濃国, Mino no kuni),
one of the old provinces of Japan, encompassed the southern part of modern-day Gifu Prefecture.
It was sometimes called Nōshū (濃州). Mino Province bordered Echizen, Hida, Ise, Mikawa, Ōmi, Owari, and Shinano Provinces.
Although the ancient provincial capital was near Tarui, the main castle town was at Gifu, the home of Inabayama Castle.
In 713,
the road crossing through Mino and Shinano provinces was widened to accommodate increasing numbers of travelers.
Mino Province served an important military and political role as the path to Kyoto as well as to Tokaido.
During the Kamakura and Muromachi Period,
Mino Province was governed by the 土岐　Toki clan and later in Azuchi period controlled by Oda Nobunaga. His heirs continued to control it after Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi took power.
The Battle of Sekigahara took place at the western edge of Mino, near the mountains between the Chūbu Region and the Kinki Region.
..... Mino and Owari provinces were separated by the Sakai River, which means "border river." .....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Gifu 岐阜県
多治見市 Tajimi city

ryuu 龍 dragon
小泉村大原の高社山の中腹にある龍ヶ池は、昔から龍が住んでいて水が絶えることが無かった。旱魃のときにも、その池をかへどると必ず降雨がある。

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
43 美濃国 (01)

美濃国可児郡小泉村の伝説
木全圓寿 Kimata Enju

- reference from Mie -

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3 Feb 2020

EDO - Boso Okan Kaido Highway

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/boso-okan-kaido-highway.html

Boso Okan Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- Otaki Okan, see below
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Boso Okan 房総往還 / Boso Kaido 房総街道
Connecting 館山 Tateyama with 浜野 Hamano in Chiba.
Boso peninsula is part of Chiba.

- Postal stations along the road

浜野宿 Hamano (now in Chiba city)
八幡宿 Yawata
五井宿 Goi
姉ヶ崎宿 Anegasaki
奈良輪宿 Narawa
木更津宿 Kisarazu
貝渕宿 Kaifuchi
中野宿 Nakano
佐貫宿 Sanuki
湊宿 Minato
竹岡宿 Takeoka
金谷宿 Kanaya
勝山宿 Katsuyama
市部宿 Ichibu
那古宿 Nago - 那古観音 Nago Kannon
北条宿 Hojo
館山宿 Tateyama

Since the road stretches over a long range, there are various local names for it:
上総道 Kazusa michi
木更津道 Kisarazu michi
房州道 Boshu michi
鎌倉道 Kamakura michi

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房総の街道繁盛記

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. Nagodera 那古寺 Nago Kannon Temple .

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Otaki Okan 大多喜往還 / Otaki Kaido 大多喜街道
Ōtaki is a town in the center of Boso peninsula, Chiba.

- Postal stations along the road

馬加宿 Makuwari (Chiba city)
検見川宿 Kemigawa
寒川宿 Samugawa
蘇我野宿 Sogano
浜野宿 Hamano
潤井戸宿 Uruido
長柄山宿 Nagarayama
長南宿 Chonan
- - - - - 久留里城 Kururi castle
大多喜宿 Otaki
松野宿 Matsuno
小湊宿 Kominato
天津宿 Amatsu

長南町 Chonan town 棒坂 Bosaka slope

- quote -
Chiba castle
Chiba Tsuneshige built a large scale castle around this site in the 1100's. His descendents ruled over the area from this castle until the 1400's.
In 1455, 馬加康胤　Makuwari Yasutane, a relative of the Chiba, attacked the castle and defeated the Chiba.
Makuwari took the name of Chiba and built a new castle (Motosakura Castle) in nearby Sakura abandoning Chiba Castle.
- source : jcastle.info... -

- quote -
Ōtaki (大多喜町, Ōtaki-machi)
is a town located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The town is known for its association with Edo period
general Honda Tadakatsu, and its prominent castle.
Ōtaki was settled in prehistoric times, as evidenced by the Jōmon period remains in Oikawa. In the Asuka period the Ōtaki region became part of Kazusa Province at the western end of the Tōkaidō region, which was formed as a result of the Taika Reform of 654. In the Sengoku period Ōtaki was established as a castle town, which successively controlled by different regional clans, most notably the Takeda clan and the Toki clan. The Ōtaki region ultimately came under the control of the powerful Awa Province-based Satomi clan in 1544.
In 1590 Tokugawa Ieyasu took control of all of Kazusa Province. Ieyasu granted Ōtaki to his famed general Honda Tadakatsu,
- source : wikipedia -

- quote -
Kururi Castle (久留里城, Kururi-jō)
is a Japanese castle located in Kimitsu, southern Chiba Prefecture, Japan.
At the end of the Edo period, Kururi Castle was home to a branch of the Kuroda clan, daimyō of Kururi Domain. The castle was also known as Rain Castle (雨城, U-jō), after a legend that it rained twenty-one times during its construction, or, on average, once every three days.
..... In 1872, by orders of the Meiji government, the surviving structures of Kururi Castle were destroyed. The area, containing remnants of moats, earthen works and a well, became a park in 1955. The current donjon was reconstructed in 1979 to boost local tourism......
- source : wikipedia -

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. Chiba Kaido 千葉街道 Chiba Highway .

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source : sites.fas.harvard.edu...

- quote -
The Bōsō Peninsula (房総半島, Bōsō-hantō)
is a peninsula that encompasses the entirety of Chiba Prefecture on Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It forms the eastern edge of Tokyo Bay, separating it from the Pacific Ocean.
The peninsula gets its name and kanji from the former provinces that were located there:
Awa (安房), Kazusa (上総) and Shimōsa (下総).
The Japan Meteorological Agency refers to the west and east coasts of the peninsula as Uchibō (内房) and Sotobō (外房) respectively.
- source : wikipedia -

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南房総市の昔話 Tales from Minami-Boso city

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Chiba 千葉県
印旛郡 Inba district

. itatchi 鼬 weasel .
If one sees a weasel cross the road in the morning, it will bring bad luck.
Work done this day will not be god.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
03 千葉　勝山
05 木更津
10 千葉　館山
39 房総 (01)

房総地方の動物に関する俗信 Tales about animals in the Boso area
斉藤源三郎 Saito Genzaburo

- source : himuka.blue.coocan.jp/michi/bousou...

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- MINGEI - Katei Gaho

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.com/2020/01/kateigaho-japan-edition.html

Kateigaho Japan Edition

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .
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Kateigaho International Japanese Edition
家庭画報

source : int.kateigaho.com/...

With many articles about "Folk Fun" mingei in the Japan Times.

Folk fun: Reverence for life-giving soil and agriculture

Folk fun: Traditional toys for prayer and play

- - - - - A toast to mingei:
The significance of unknown craftsmen
Shining a light on new uses for objects both venerable and hardworking
'The finest assemblage of Japanese folk crafts outside Japan'
Living with the rustic beauty of Japanese folk crafts

Purifying decorations welcome the new year

- and a long list in the Japan Times
- reference source : Japan Times -

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .

. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #kateigaho #japanedition - - - - -
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