Darumapedia

12 Aug 2018

EDO - Shinagawa ward

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/07/shinagawa-ward.html

Shinagawa ward

Shinagawa had already been a busy postal town during the Nara and Heian period, on the road from Kyoto to 国府 Kokufu.

- quote
In English, it is called Shinagawa City. The ward is home to nine embassies.
Most of Tokyo east of the Imperial Palace
is reclaimed land. A large portion of reclamation happened during the Edo period. Following the Meiji restoration and the Abolition of the han system, Shinagawa prefecture was instituted in 1869. The prefectural administration was planned to be set up in present-day Shinagawa in the Ebara district.
In 1871, Shinagawa prefecture was integrated into Tokyo Prefecture.
The ward was founded on March 15, 1947
through the administrative amalgamation of the former Ebara Ward with the former Shinagawa Ward. Both Ebara Ward and Shinagawa Ward had been created in 1932, with the outward expansion of the municipal boundaries of the Tokyo City following the 1923 Great Kantō Earthquake.
In the Edo period,
Shinagawa was the first post town a traveler would reach after setting out from Nihonbashi on the Tōkaidō highway from Edo to Kyoto. The post-town function is retained today with several large hotels near the train station offering 6,000 hotel rooms, the largest concentration in the city.
The Tokugawa shogunate maintained the Suzugamori execution grounds in Shinagawa. The Tōkaidō Shinkansen began serving Shinagawa Station from 2003, and the nearby Shinagawa Intercity office complex will be served by a new subway station in a few years' time.
. . . More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- - - - - Sub-districts
. Ebara 荏原地区 .
. Samezu 鮫洲 "Shark sand bar" / Higashi-Oi .

品川地区 - もと品川宿、天王洲・東品川の埋立地。Shinagawa, Tennozu
大崎地区 - もと大崎町。大崎駅 - 五反田駅 - 目黒駅一帯。- Osaki, Gotanda, Meguro
荏原地区 - もと荏原町。下神明駅 - 中延駅 - 旗の台駅一帯。- Ebara, Nakanobu, Hatanodai
大井地区 - もと大井町。大井町駅 - 西大井駅 - 大森駅一帯。- Ōi, Oi / 東大井 / 南大井
八潮地区 - 埋立地 - Yashio, 東八潮
- and the following
二葉 Futaba // 広町 Hiromachi // 小山 Koyama / 小山台 Koyama, Koyamadai // 勝島 Katsushima // 戸越 Togoshi

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- - - - - Shinagawa eki 品川駅 Shinagawa station is a major railway station
in the Takanawa and Konan districts of Minato,
Gotanda Station // Meguro Station // Ōsaki Station // Ōimachi Station

- - - - - Rivers
目黒川　Megurogawa 　// 立会川　Tachiaigawa

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. The 53 stations of the Tokaido 東海道五十三次 .
1. Shinagawa-juku 品川宿 (Shinagawa) .

. Shinagawa matsuri 品川祭 Shinagawa festival .
Shinagawa Kappa matsuri 品川河童祭 Kappa festival
Shinagawa jinja 品川神社 and Ebara jinja 荏原神社

. Suzugamori keijoo 鈴ヶ森刑場 Suzugamori execution grounds .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　品川区

hakutaku 白沢 / 白澤 Hakutaku Yokai monster
At an inn in Shinagawa-shuku they had a scroll painting of the Hakutaku Yokai.

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hamaguri 蛤 clam shell
At the beach of 洲崎浜 Suzakihama in Shinagawa, in the eleventh lunar month, some fishermen were peeling clam shells, when they found one with a very small golden statue of 地蔵 Jizo Bosatsu inside,

. hamaguri 蛤 clam shell, Venus clam .

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. Koojin sama 荒神様 Wild Kojin Deity of the Kitchen　hearth .
Once there was a large fire in a restaurant in front of Shinagawa station.
One person grabbed the small kitchen shrine for the Kojin Deity, climbed on the roof and opened it toward the flames. Then the wind suddenly changed and the fire stopped just before the next house.

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Suigetsu Kannon 水月観音 "Water-Moon Kannon"

Temple 品川寺 Honsen-Ji
was founded in 810, when Kobo Daishi traveled in the region and gave the statue of Kannon to the head of the 品河氏 Shinagawa clan. It was in their possession until 品河左京亮 Shinagawa Sakyonosuke in 1395.
The statue of Suigetsu Kannon in Shinagawa later had a temple hall built by 太田道灌 Ota Dokan in 1457, but after that the 北条氏 Hojo clan became the regent of Shinagawa. During the fights with 武田信玄 Takeda Shingen all of Shinagawa village was burned down and Shingen took the statue of Kannon back to his home in 甲斐 Kai (Yamanashi).
The man who had carried the Kannon, became ill with high fever and almost lost his mind. He cried:
"I am the Kannon from Shinagawa. Please bring me back as soon as possible."
So Shingen had the statue brought back and again made a temple hall for it.

- - - - - - Hosen-Ji Temple Homepage
3 Chome-5-17 Minamishinagawa, Shinagawa
- source : honsenji.net... -

. Suigetsu Kannon 水月観音 - Introduction .
Kannon Gazing at the Moon in the Water.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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9 Aug 2018

EDO - Itabashi ward

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/06/itabashi-ward.html

Itabashi ward

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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Itabashi ku 板橋区 Itabashi ward
itabashi 板橋 "plank bridge"
板橋区板橋, Kami 上板橋, Naka 中板橋, Nakajuku 中宿
Former 旧武蔵国豊嶋郡 Musashi no Kuni - Toshima district

- quote
... it calls itself Itabashi City.
Itabashi lies on the Kantō plain. The Arakawa River, a major river, forms part of the boundary with Saitama Prefecture. Surrounding the ward are, in Saitama, the cities of Wakō and Toda; and in Tokyo, the wards of Nerima, Toshima, and Kita.
- History
The name of the ward means "plank bridge" and derives from the wooden span over the Shakujii River that dates from the Heian period. Such a bridge was remarkable at the time, and the name has lasted since. In the Edo period, the Nakasendō crossed the nearby Shimo Itabashi, and the name came to apply to that area as well. Itabashi was one of the four Edo Post Towns, and travellers first lodged there after leaving the shogunal capital. Kaga Domain had a mansion there.
The shogunate maintained the Itabashi execution grounds at Itabashi.
On October 1, 1932,
nine towns and villages of Kita-Toshima District were merged and became part of Tokyo City as Itabashi Ward. It became a special ward May 3, 1947. On August 1 of that year, the localities of Nerima, Kami-Nerima, Naka-Arai, Shakujii and Ōizumi were split off from Itabashi to create Nerima Ward.
- source : wikipedia

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. 中山道 The Nakasendo Highway .
1. Itabashi-shuku 板橋宿 (Itabashi)

Divided from North to South into
Kami-Shuku 上宿 Kamishuku (now 現在の本町) - Upper
Naka-Shuku 仲宿 / 中宿 - Middle
Hirao-Shuku 平尾宿 - Hirao
Shimo-Shuku 下宿 - Lower

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA - 板橋宿 !

. Shakujii Kōen 石神井公園 Shakuji River Park .
Nerima ward

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- quote -
In 1180 Minamoto Yoritomo is recorded having temporarily stationed his army near a bridge called 板橋 Itabashi "the plank bridge" on the upper Takinogawa 滝野川 Takino River in the Toshima-gun 豊島郡 Toshima District of Musashino no Kuni 武蔵国 Musashi Province. There was no road by the name at the time, but it is believed that this bridge is where the 中仙道 Nakasendō crossed the Takino River.
Today
there is still a bridge called Itabashi where the Nakajuku Shōtengai 仲宿商店街 Nakajuku Shopping Arcade crosses the 石神井川 Shakujii River. And it's generally agreed that this is the same bridge. The arcade street is actually the Old Nakasendo highway and the name refers to the fact that it cuts through (仲) the post town (宿).
By the Edo Period,
a major shukuba 宿場 post town had grown up around the bridge and the area was well known as 板橋宿 Itabashi-shuku. The town was a major stopping point for daimyō processions after the 1630's. The town prospered under the sankin-kōtai edict until 1862 when the requirement was suspended in the crisis of the bakumatsu. Itabashi-shuku was a 3-4 hour walk from Nagareyama and it was also the starting point of the Kawagoe kaidō 川越街道 Kawagoe Highway.
... Why "Plank Bridge?"
The prevailing theory seems to be that in the late Heian Period in a backwater area far from Kyōto, the presence of an elegant and smooth plank bridge would have been something unique — as opposed to a bridge thrown together with a bunch of crappy logs of various shapes and sizes. The fact that a bridge was even mentioned in the same sentence as Minamoto Yoritomo is held up as corroborating evidence . . . or that's what people say.
Itabashi-shuku's big claim to fame
is a bit more nefarious than just being a convenient post town with a smooth bridge. As the area was well outside of central Edo and on a major road, it was also the site of a prison and execution ground during the Edo Period. In 1868 as the Imperial Army was taking possession of the city and its infrastructure, they used the prison and execution grounds to detain and eventually execute Kondō Isami. Nothing remains of the execution grounds or the prison except for a quiet plot of land purchased by Nagakura Shinpachi to build graves for Kondo and Hijikata Toshizō and all the other dead members of Shinsengumi. Definitely a must-see spot if you're a Shinsengumi fan like me.
- source : japanthis marky star -

Itabashi eki　板橋駅 - Edo Meisho Zue
source : Itabashi Historical Museum
板橋区赤塚5-35-25

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. Itabashi keijō 板橋刑場 Itabashi Keijo, execution grounds .

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赤塚エリア Akazuka area
板橋エリア Itabashi area
志村エリア Shimura area
高島平エリア Takashimadaira area

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Itabashi Jukkei 板橋十景 10 special viewpoints

To celebrate 70 years of the existence of Itabashi, 10 special places and events had been selected to promote the ward.

. 赤塚溜池公園周辺 - Akatsuka Tameike Pond Park .

. 板橋（区名由来の橋）- The original Itabashi .

. いたばし花火大会 - Fireworks at Itabashi .

. 志村一里塚 - Shimura Ichirizuka milestone .

. 石神井川の桜並木 - Cherry blossoms along river Shakujigawa .

. 松月院 - Shogetsu-In temple .

. 田遊び（徳丸・赤塚）- Ta-asobi ritual of the fields .

. 高島平団地とけやき並木 - Keyaki zelkova trees at Takashimadaira .

. 東京大仏（乗蓮寺）- Big Buddha of Tokyo, Temple Joren-Ji .

. 南蔵院のしだれ桜 - Hanging cherry tree of temple Nanzo-In .

- reference source : itabashi-kanko.jp/jukkei... -

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. 瑠璃光山 Rurikozan　清光院 Seiko-In　青蓮寺 Shoren-Ji .
板橋区成増4-36-2 / 4 Chome-36-2 Narimasu, Itabashi ward
Edo Gofunai Pilgrimage, Nr. 19

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Itabashi 板橋区

enoki 榎 nettle tree in 上板橋 Kami-Itabashi
Where the 川越街道 Kawagoe Kaido Highway crosses the river 石神井川 Shakujigawa there is the 下頭橋 Getobashi bridge.

Once upon a time, many hundred years ago, a wandering priest, who was very tired, took a rest below this bridge. He had put his staff into the ground and from there the nettle tree begun to sprout. To our day people venerate the roots of the tree and say it will heal toothache, if they come here to pray.

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ishi arare 石アラレ hailstones from stone
At the home of 新井銀次郎 Arai Ginjiro it used to rain hailstones from stone. The news spread and many came visiting. The police and the newspaper tried to fiend the reason for this.
It seems the 子守 baby sitter of the family had fallen in love and her friend used to throw stones on the roof to make her come out to meet him. That was the end of the mysterie.

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jidoosha no keiteki 自動車の警笛 hunking horn of a car
On summer nights, the hunkin of a car horn was heard along the river Shakujigawa, although there were no cars driving near the river.
People say it was the revenge of a spirit from a driver who had died in a car accident.
Many people came to have a look and even a tea stall opened and made good profit. Later they found out it was the voice of large frogs who were kept at a store for food.

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. mujina ムジナ Tanuki badger .
Late at might a man heard a voice calling his name, but when he opened the door there was nobody. This went on for many nights. One night he waited at the door and when he heard the voice, he opened the door immediately, only to see a badger run away in haste.

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obake yashiki お化け屋敷 the haunted house
When the restaurant 橋本屋 Hashimotoya was about to go bancrupt, the owner killed his wife and went off with his concubine. Since then the estate was called "haunted house", where the spirit of the killed wife roamed, waiting for revenge. A fearless man once bought the estate, but he soon died for no reason and his wife had an accident and died too very soon after.

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. Tengusugi 天狗と杉 cedar tree in Itabashi .
and 天狗坂 Tengusaka, Tengu-Saka.

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板橋区 Itabashi district 下板橋 Shimo-Itabashi

enkiri enoki 縁切榎 nettle tree to cut a human bond (like marriage)
Where the 川越街道 Kawagoe Kaido Highway branches off, there is a 庚申碑 memorial stone for the Koshin deity and beside it was a huge nettle tree. When there was a fire in the house next to it, the tree burned down and only its roots remained. If people use a small cut from the roots and make a tea from it, they will be able to cut the bad bonds between man and woman.

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戸田市 Toda - 武州板橋 Bushu Itabashi

. kaminari 雷 thunder .
A short walk from Bushu Itabashi was the village of 西戸田村 West-Toda. There lived a widow with her two daughters.
On the 28th day of the 5th lunar month in 1647 the two girls begun to hit the mother very hard, but finally went to take a nap. The sky became dark all of a sudden and it begun to rain heavily. Then in a thunderstorm a flash of lightning came down, grabbed the younger sister and disappeared with her.
- Another version of this tale involves a
. hebi　蛇　/ へび　/ ヘビ snake - Schlange .
The elder sister was the villain and did not give food to the ill mother. The husband of the younger sister brought her food secretly, but was found out and 姉 Elder Sister threw the food away.
The mother became so sick in due time, she went to the well and wanted to kill herself by drowning. The husband of the younger sister was surprized and grabbed a ladder to climb into the well. But again he was found out by the Elder Sister and as the two fought, Elder Sister fell into the well too. At that point, half of the mother turned into a snake and curled around Elder sister. The husband pleaded with the mother to let her go and so the mother died.
But Elder Sister died soon afterwards.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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6 Aug 2018

EDO - Aoto and Kasai district

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/07/aoto-district-katsushika.html

Aoto district Katsushika

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
- for 葛西 Kasai, see below
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Aoto 青砥 /　青戸 Aoto district, Katsushika
葛飾区青戸 / 青戸一丁目から青戸八丁目 from the first to the 8th sub-district

alternative writing for おおと Aoto in old manuscripts : 「青津」「大戸」「大津」
Aoto mura 青戸村 Aoto village in the Edo period.
The villagers grew rice and also vegetables and flowers and sold them in Edo.

ao 青 blue, green
to 戸 door, in this case a river crossing or sluice gate
to 砥 polishing

This area has been a flourishing harbour along the river 利根川 Tonegawa since olden times, already mentioned in 1288.
In 1288, 青戸二郎重茂 Aoto Jiro Shigemochi was the 代官 Daikan governor of Katsushika

At 青戸七丁目 Aoto seventh sub-district along the road 環七通り沿い Kanshichidōri-zoi there are the remains of 葛西城址 Kasai castle. Now all is left of this is 葛西城址公園 Kasai Joshi Koen Park.
7 Chome-28 Aoto, Katsushika

During the Kamakura period, the area was governed by 青砥藤綱 Aoto Fujitsuna.

In the Edo period, Aocho was always under the supervision of the Edo Bakufu government.
In the Edo period, the area was used as a hunting ground by the Shoguns Ieyasu, Hidetada and Iemitsu and the castle of Kasai 葛西城 became their resting place,
Aoto goten 青戸御殿 Aoto palace.

In 1889, 青戸村 Aoto village was merged with 亀有村 Kameari village、砂原村（西亀有付近）、上千葉村 as the village 東京府南葛飾郡亀青村 Kameao mura.
In 1918, 青砥駅 Aoto station was built.
In 1932, when the ward of Katsushika was created, 青戸町1 - 4丁 Aoto cho was allocated from the first to the fourth sub-district.
After WWII, the population increased sharply and Aoto got 8 sub-districts 青戸町一丁目・二丁目、本田淡之須町、亀有町二丁目、本田立石町、本田中原町のそれぞれ一部が再編され現在の青戸一-八丁目

Since 1973, the construction of the 環七通り city highway begun and was finally finished in 1985.

Aoto eki 青砥駅 Aoto station
is a railway station in Katsushika, operated by the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway. The station is served by the Keisei Main Line and the Keisei Oshiage Line.

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Aoto Jinja 青砥神社 Aoto Shrine
7-34-30, Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo

- source and more photos : ambassador.localinfo.j -

In the 万葉集 Manyo-Shu poetry collection about the good quality of the early rice harvest
にほどりの葛飾早稲を贄すとも　そのかなしきを外に立てめやも

The area also had suitable clay and was known since 古墳時代 the Kofun period for its pottery items.

The main deity in residence (apart from 8 others) is
猿田彦命 Sarutahiko no Mikoto

It relates to the story of Aoto Fujitsuna, see below, who said about his lost coins:
『落とした十文は永久に失せることなく、　松明を買った五十文は　
諸家が利益を得ることになり、これは天下の恵みではないか』

- HP of the shrine
- reference source : aoto-jinja.com... -

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Aoto Fujitsuna 青砥藤綱
councilor of the Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1333)

source : wikipedia

Aoto Fujitsuna's coins
The Taiheiki mentions the Namerigawa in a story well known to all in Kamakura. The stele on the spot near Tōshō-ji where events are supposed to have taken place describes the story as follows:
According to the Taiheiki,
Aoto Fujitsuna was judge in Kamakura at the time of Regents Hōjō Tokimune and Hōjō Sadatoki. One evening, having lost 10 mon (文) in the Namerigawa, he bought a torch for fifty mon, entered in the water and started looking for the lost coins, finally finding them. Heard the story, people made fun of him saying that he ended up spending far more than he had lost. Fujitsuna replied that ten mon were not many, but losing them forever would have been a great loss. He had personally lost fifty mon, but he had done that for the benefit of all.
- source : wikipedia -

- quote -
Aoto Fujitsuna
from the series Instructive Models of Lofty Ambition - by Inoue Yasuji, 1885
Aoto Fujitsuna 青砥藤綱, a councilor of the Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1333), directing the search for a few coins he has lost in the Namerigawa River.
... Aoto Fujitsuna was a minister under the Hōjō regents Tokiyori and Tokimune in the 13th century, famous for his thrift and uprightness. One night he accidentally lost a small amount of money, 10 mon, in the Namerigawa River [滑川]. He ordered his servants to look for the money in the river, handing 50 mon to a servant to buy flaming torches. While the money was found, many people could not understand why Fujitsuna would spend 50 mon to find only 10 mon and they called him a fool.
Fujitsuna replied:
"It only shows that you are interested in neither public interests nor charity. If I had not looked for the 10 mon in the river, it would have been lost forever. The 50 mon that I payed for the torches profited the merchant.
There was no loss at all. It was a benefit to the public, wasn't it?"
His critics became speechless with admiration and he was thought very wise.
This story is first told in the Taiheiki (太平記), a Japanese historical epic written in the late 14th century. There are numerous versions of this story, involving various amounts of money and slightly different circumstances.
- reference source : myjapanesehanga.com - The Lavenberg Collection

- CLICK for more photos !

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Kasai 葛西 The Kasai district
. 江戸川区 Edogawa ward .

with the following sub-districts in the North, Central, West, East and South:
Kitakasai / Nakakasai / Nishikasai / Higashikasai / Minamikasai

Kasai Rinkai Koen 葛西臨海公園 Kasai Seaside Park
- quote -
Opened in 1989, Kasai Rinkai Park (葛西臨海公園, Kasai Rinkai Kōen) is the largest park in central Tokyo, located just across the Edogawa River from Tokyo Disney Resort. It was built on reclaimed land and developed in an effort to restore and preserve natural Tokyo Bay habitat.
The park
offers a nice break from the surrounding cityscapes and has a number of walking trails that crisscross the gardens, lawns and beaches. In addition, the park features an aquarium, a ferris wheel, a seabird sanctuary and an observation building.
... Near the center of the park is the Tokyo Sealife Aquarium
... the Diamond and Flowers Ferris Wheel
... the Sea Bird Sanctuary
- source : japan-guide.com... -

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葛西城 Kasai jo, Kasai castle

The 葛西氏 Kasai clan dates back to the 桓武平氏 Kanmu Heike.
They left Kyoto and build a castle here in what is now Katsushika, Aoto and the park is all that remains of it.

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. 葛西三郎 / 葛西清重 Kasai Saburo Kiyoshige (1161 - 1238). .
and the Horikiri district 掘切 "digging a moat"

. 堀江町 Horie Cho district .
Located in the South of 江戸川区南部 Edogwa district, 葛西地域 Kasai area.
The name has been used until 1932 and later (1979) became part of the Kasai area.

. Nagashima no Fujizuka 長島の富士塚 .
at Shrine 香取神社 Katori Jinja at 東葛西 Higashi Kasai

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. Katsushika ku 葛飾区 Katsushika ward .

. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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5 Aug 2018

EDO - Rivers of Edo kawa

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/08/kawa-rivers-of-edo.html

kawa rivers of Edo

That map describes four river basins:
Tonegawa 利根川 (Tone River)
Arakawa 荒川
Tamagawa 多摩川 / 玉川 (Tama River)
Sagamigawa 相模川 (Sagami River)

. Waterways in Edo .

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Arakawa 荒川
- flows through Saitama Prefecture and Tokyo.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Edogawa 江戸川 .

. Kandagawa 神田川 .

Megurogawa 目黒川

Nihonbashigawa 日本橋川

. Sumidagawa 隅田川 .

Tamagawa 多摩川
. Tamagawa Joosui 多摩川上水 Tamagawa Josui Kanal .

. Tonegawa 利根川 / Bandō Tarō 坂東太郎 Bando Taro .

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江戸の川・復活 ― 日本橋川・神田川・隅田川 - 絵図から学ぶ
渡部一二 Watabe Kazuji (1938 - )

本書の主題「江戸の川を復活する」舞台となるのは日本橋川です。日本橋川は、東京都千代田区三崎町で神田川と分岐し、中央区日本橋箱崎町で隅田川に合流する延長約4キロメートルの河川であり、川の上空には現在首都高速道路が通っています。2006年9月には「日本橋川に空を取り戻す会」により、小泉首相(当時)へ首都高速道路を地下化し河川の環境整備を行うという提言がなされるなど、日本橋川への注目が集まっています。
著者である渡部一二先生はランドスケープデザインの専門家で、これまで日本全国のいたるところで数々の河川再生に取り組んできました。景観の改善を第一とする首都高速道路の地下化には、膨大な費用がかかり、その他にも難題が山積しています。著者は江戸の川の水辺空間を描いた浮世絵図などを手掛かりに、現状のままでも江戸の面影を体感し、楽しめる水辺空間づくりの可能性に注目しました。日本橋川・神田川・隅田川はループ状につながっており、そこを回遊する舟のルートを構築し、川沿いには散歩道(リバーウォーク)をつくり、その一部に江戸時代に賑わった河岸を再現するというものです。そして、江戸の文化・風物詩・情緒などを参加者がそれぞれに楽しむ体感型野外博物館(エコ・ミュージアムの応用)について具体的に提案しています。
一般の読者を対象とするため、第一部では、浮世絵図などを数多く掲載し、江戸の水辺空間の魅力を解説します。また、日本橋川に架かるすべての橋についても写真とともに紹介しています。第二部では、体感型野外博物館の実現にむけた具体的な構想について述べています。また、巻末には絵図が描かれた江戸時代をイメージできるように「日本橋川・江戸の面影まっぷ」を付録としてつけました。案内まっぷを切りとって、日本橋川の水辺空間を歩いてみてはいかがでしょうか。

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江戸の川あるき - Walking along the rivers of Edo
栗田彰　Kurita Akira

江戸は埋立ての人工のまち。暮らしの移り変りとともに、川はつくられ、渡しが橋になり道路となって、やがて消えていった。下水道の専門家が江戸のまぼろしの川を探し求めて東京をあるく。江戸情緒たっぷりのイラストマップ付き。

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江戸の川・東京の川
鈴木理生　Suzuki Masao (1926 - 2015)

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江戸の川風 Edo no Kawakaze
羽山信樹 Hayama Nobuki (1944 - 1997)

天皇の料理人と将軍の料理人！ Cooks for the Tenno
壮大なスケールと江戸前の枠、待望久しい未完の秀作。
縄田一男スペシャル解説付。
日本料理の源流である四条流からは、高橋家、石井家の2派があり、四条流包丁の総元締は、高橋家がつとめ、形式上、石井家は高橋家に入門し包丁式の免許を得るかたちとなっている。そして高橋家は天皇の料理番を、石井家は将軍家の料理頭取をつとめていた。
一見、羽山信樹作品初の市井ものと見紛う本書の真のテーマは、食文化を介した皇室と幕閣の抗争である。（略）
1人の男、早咲屋圭次郎を江戸へ送った。鮨屋の圭次郎に託された密命は――？（解説より

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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4 Aug 2018

EDO - Okubo district Shinjuku

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/07/okubo-district-shinjuku.html

Okubo district Shinjuku

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .
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Ookubo, Ōkubo 大久保 Okubo district, Shinjuku
東京都新宿区大久保一丁目から大久保三丁目 Shinjuku ward, from the first to the third sub-district,
百人町 Hyakunincho district

ookubo 大窪 "great sunken place", "great hollow"

. Hyakuninchoo　百人町 Hyakunincho district .
Hyakunin (hundred-man) brigade of shooters
During the Edo period, the villages of 柏木 Kashiwagi and 大久保 Okubo were agricultural districts on either side of Hyakunin-cho where samurai warrior residences were located.

Ookubomura 大久保村 Okubo village
In 1713, the village came under the jurisdiction of the Edo Bakufu government.
In the South was the Shimo-Yashiki estate of 一橋the Hitotsubashi family.

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- quote
Shin-Ōkubo 新大久保
is a neighborhood within Tokyo's Shinjuku ward known for its extensive Korean community. It is built around Shin-Ōkubo Station and is accessible on the Yamanote Line. Shin-Ōkubo is home to both Korean residents in Japan as well as Korean immigrants, and has seen an upsurge in popularity due to Hallyu pop-culture. In recent years Nepali people have settled in the area and have opened up Nepali restaurants.
Shin Sang-yoon, the director of the Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Japan, stated that Koreans began coming to Shin-Ōkubo around 1983 because at that time it was one of the most inexpensive areas of Tokyo. By July 2013 several nationalistic anti-Korean demonstrations done by Japanese have occurred in Shin-Ōkubo.
- source : wikipedia

新大久保コリアンタウン Shin-Okubo Koreatown

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- quote -
新大久保 Shin-Ōkubo, literally New Okubo.
... this area wasn't Edo.
West of Edo Castle was all suburbs. The first shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, strategically relocated many of his 旗本 hatamoto direct retainers out here. He gave some of them extraordinarily large fiefs for their rank and charged them with the defense of the roads coming into his capital. Very much a Sengoku Period general, he rightly assumed that attacks from the sea in the east would be unlikely, but a land based attack from the west could prove a threat. One of the main entrances to the city was the Yotsuya Ōkido 四谷大木戸 Yotsuya Checkpoint on the Kōshū Kaidō 甲州街道 Kōshū Highway which was in this area. This area, by the way, was known not as Edo, but as 武蔵国豊多摩郡 Musashi no Kuni Toyotama-gun Toyotama District, Musashi Province in those days.This place name,
while seemingly auspicious on the surface, is generally believed to have quite humble roots. You see, a river called the 蟹川 Kanigawa used to flow through the area between Kabukichō 1-2 chōme 1st & 2nd blocks of Kabukichō and Shinjuku 6-7 chōme 6th & 7th blocks of Shinjuku. By their very nature, rivers tend to be in geographic depressions, which made this area good for farming, but prone to flooding. This part of Toyotama seems to have been no different. At the area dividing Nishi-Ōkubo West Ōkubo and Higashi-Ōkubo East Ōkubo, there was a particularly noticeable drop in elevation, an 大きな窪地 ōki na kubochi, if you will. If the story is to be believed, the locals called it an 大窪地 ōkubochi which was eventually reduced to ōkubo.
- source : japanthis -

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Ookubo eki 大久保駅 Okubo station / Shin-Okubo station
is a railway station on the Chūō-Sōbu Line in Shinjuku.
1-17-1 Hyakuninchō, Shinjuku, Tokyo

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. Shrine Kaichu Inari Jinja 皆中稲荷神社 .
Once upon a time there was a region called Okubo 大窪 in the Musashi plain.
Descendants from the Ise Shrine called Oshi 御師 settled there and soon built a shrine (around 1533).

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Nishimuki Tenjinsha 西向天神社
東京都新宿区新宿6-21-1
This shrine had been built by Saint Togano Myoe 栂尾明恵上人 in 1228. Since the main hall faces West, it is called
"West-facing Tenjin Shrine".
It was the protector shrine of 東大久保村鎮守 Higashi Okubo village.

. Myoe Shonin 明恵上人 (1173 - 1232) .

Once the third Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu came here for hunting with hawks. He gave a golden natsume 棗 tea caddy to the head priest with the request to rebuilt the shrine.
The shrine is therefore also known as
Natsume Jinja 棗神社

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The name Ōkubo-ke 大久保家 Ōkubo Family, Okubo clan
is a distinctly samurai name of rather high pedigree. They were a branch of the Utsunomiya-shi 宇都宮氏 Utsunomiya Clan which could trace their lineage back to the 900's. The founders of this new branch were among the most loyal retainers of 松平弘忠 Matsudaira Hirotada. In case you don't recognize that name, he was the father of the first Edo shogun, 徳川家康 Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Later, the Ōkubo clan served Ieyasu well. In fact, the second family head, a certain 大久保忠世 Ōkubo Tadayo, served in nearly all Ieyasu's military campaigns and even commanded his corps of bodyguards. After Ieyasu had secured the title of shogun, he elevated Tadayo to daimyō status gave him Odawara-han 小田原藩 Odawara Domain. This meant the Odawara clan controlled the 箱根関所 Hakone Sekisho Hakone Check Point as well as 箱根山 Hakone Yama Mt. Hakone, a region famous in Japanese mythology and renowned for its natural hot springs, beautiful lakes and coastal areas.
Odawara, Mt. Hakone, and the Ōkubo clan have nothing to do with this suburb of Edo.
- japanthis

. Okubo Hikozaemon 大久保彦左衛門 - Ōkubo Tadataka 大久保忠教 .
(1560 – 1639)

. Okubo Nagayasu 大久保長安 .

Ōkubo Toshimichi 大久保利通 (1830 – 1878)

- - - More Okubo names in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Okubo 大久保

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
tba

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3 Aug 2018

GOKURAKU - Raigo the soul goes to heaven

https://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.com/2018/08/raigozu-amida-coming-at-death.html

raigozu Amida coming at death

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .
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raigoo, raigō 来迎 Raigo, the soul on the way to paradise
"Decent of Amida Buddha", "Amida Coming over the Mountain"

- quote
Buddhist Art and Amida Raigo Triads
This topic may seem a bit difficult, but try to follow as best you can. It's about a certain type of Buddhist statue. Actually this type of statue does not appear alone, but as a set of three: in the center is a Buddha called Amida, and on either side sits an Bodhisattva-attendant, one named Seishi and one named Kannon.
This set is called an Amida Raigo Triad.

We will talk about what raigo means later, but before we begin, take a look at this Amida Raigo Triad from a temple called Joshoko-ji, in the mountains north of Kyoto.

- - - - - Paintings and Sculpture
- snip -

- - - - - Raigo and Sculpture
Buddhas are considered, like God, to be an Absolute existence and thus require no surrounding environment. Though Buddhas themselves need no enhancement, however, their followers, such as Buddhist angels or Bodhisattvas, sometimes are enriched with depictions of movement or surrounding atmosphere. Here too, however, we see the limitations of sculpture in depicting movement. On ancient Buddhist wall paintings, angels appear to be floating lightly through the heavens around the Buddha. But when these same kinds of angels were incorporated in sculpture and attached to the Buddha's halo, however, they lost their lightness and seemed to become more rigid. This is probably because of the innate differences between painting and sculpture.

The above may be one of the reasons that Japanese sculptors did not often try to incorporate surrounding environment into their sculptures. In the Heian Period, however, belief in the Pure Land spread, and people began to believe that after death they would be reborn in the Pure Land Paradise of Amida Buddha. As this belief spread, so too grew the desire to see expressions of the Pure Land in Buddhist sculpture. The result were images depicting Amida Buddha coming down from the far-off Pure Land Paradise to meet the souls of the dead and take them back with him to heaven. These images are called raigo, and usually had Amida in the center with an attendant on either side. This is the Amida Raigo Triad!

Scenes of this Amida Raigo Triad riding clouds, crossing mountains, and flying through the wind were easy to express through the medium of painting, but many difficulties arose when trying to express such scenes through sculpture, such as in the triad above. Why? Well, think about the nature of sculpture: it is impossible (or it was in those days) to create a sculpture that floats in mid-air. It is also difficult to express speed. To compensate, the sculptors of the Joshoko-ji triad tried to give the attendants a sense of tension and presence by depicting them leaning forward.

Towards the end of the Heian Period, perhaps reflecting changes in the society as a whole, artistic expression became more realistic, both in painting and sculpture. One area in which this can be seen is in the Raigo sculptures. The triad above from Joshoko-ji Temple is one of the earliest experiments in realism in a Raigo triad. Let's compare it with a painting of the same period.

- photo of Yushihachimanko Juhachika-in Temple
What are the differences in the way this Bodhisattva-attendant is portrayed in painting and in sculpture? In the painting, the central triad and their surrounding Bodhisattva ride upon clouds, and cross mountains rich with autumn color as they gradually make their descent. On the other hand, though the sculpture does not show the autumn mountains over which the triad is crossing, it does show all three figures on clouds, and the two attendants crouched on their knees are leaning forward, giving them the same sense of speed and presence within an environment that we see in the painting.
- source : Kyoto National Museum - Shiro Ito

. . . CLICK here for more Photos　 !

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source : sendai-c.ed.jp...

木造阿弥陀如来・二十五菩薩像及び地蔵菩薩立像 - Sendai
Amida, 25 Bosatsu and Jizo statue

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source : enpukuji.co/homotsu...
Temple 円福寺 Enpuku-Ji－Tokyo

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Temple 即成院 Sokujo-In - Kyoto

. . . CLICK here for more Photos of statues !

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raigoozuu 来迎図 Raigozu, illustrations of the way to paradise

- quote -
Amida (Amitabha) Coming over the Mountain
The popular, Kamakura Period painting theme of "Amida Coming over the Mountain," usually shows the central image of Amida facing forward with both hands held over his breast. This pattern can be seen in the Zenrinji and Konkaikomyoji "Amida Coming over the Mountain" scrolls. In this scroll, however, Amida comes not over a mountain but across a valley, accompanied by six Bodhisattva attendants. He faces not forwards but to the left, with his right hand raised and his left hand down. Though this posture is atypical of "Amida Coming over the Mountain" paintings, it is common in other raigozu ("Decent of Amida Buddha" paintings). Since it contains no other narrative elements, such as the pious Buddhist on his deathbed awaiting Amida's salvation in the Chionin raigozu scroll, it can be categorized as a variation on the "Amida Coming over the Mountain" theme.
The composition of this work is well-balanced and its portrayal of the figures is elaborate and reverential. It can be counted among the representative Buddhist paintings of the Kamakura Period.
- source : Kyoto National Museum -

- Seated Amida (Amitabha) with Raigo Mudra, hand position of welcoming spirits of the dead.
- source : Kyoto National Museum -

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阿弥陀二十五菩薩来迎図 Amida and 25 Bosatsu coming
Temple 知恩院 Chion-In

source : chion-in.or.jp...

- quote -
Raigo of Amida (Amitabha) and Twenty-five Attendants
This outstanding work depicts Amida (Amitabha) and twenty-five attendants as they descend on clouds over steep mountains down from Heaven. They are on their way to meet a dead person, depicted in the bottom-right, to accompany back to Heaven. This scene is known as "Rapid Descent," because of the especially swift appearance of the clouds. Flying clouds and the depiction of figures and garments in gold are characteristic of Buddhist paintings in the Late-Kamakura Period.
This scene depicts
jo-bon jo-sho (first class, upper birth), the highest state of death, evident from the dead person seated upright in front of a sutra scroll and the pagoda in the sky in the upper-right of the painting. The mountains in the background are high, but their smooth contour lines produce a gentle effect typical of the Yamato-e paintings. Though the scene depicted in this work is imaginary, its elements of landscape expression are impressive.
- source : Kyoto National Museum -

. Chion-In 知恩院 / 智恩院 .
Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto

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観経九品来迎と鳳凰堂来迎図　Byodo-In
平等院鳳凰堂

. 平等院 Byodo-In - The Phoenix Hall in Uji .

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. 高野山 Koyasan, Mount Koya, Wakayama .

高野山聖衆来迎図

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来迎図 by 濱田隆 Hamada Takashi
日本の美術 No273 - 1989年

. . . CLICK here for more Photos　 !

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- Further reference by Mark Schumacher, Buddhist Statuary
- 25 Bodhisattva (Nijūgo Bosatsu, Nijugo Bosatsu, 二十五菩薩) -
- Amida Buddha 阿弥陀如来 -
- Apsaras - 雲中供養菩薩 - serving Amida Buddha -

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

. kiraigoo 鬼来迎 (きらいごう) "Welcoming the Demons" .
kigo for late summer
..... Oni Mai 鬼舞"Demon's Dance"
Bon-Kyogen dance performed on the 16th of July, at the temple 広済寺 Hozai-Ji in Chiba.

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

................................................................................. Aomori 青森県　
梵珠山 Mound Bonjusan (486 m)

go raigoo sama 御来迎様 / go toomyoo 御灯明 heavenly light
On the 26th day of the seventh lunar month, the moon in its last quarter looks almost like a boat and the local people see it like the 阿弥陀三尊 Triad of Amida, Seishi and Kannon.
To pray to the three, villagers climb to the temple on Mount Bonjusan and pray the whole night.

- Kannon temple at Mount Bonjusan

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bakemono 化物 monster / raigoobashira 来迎柱
A young man once stayed over night at an old temple where monsters live. From below the Raigobashira pillar there came a monster, mumbling obosaru obosau オボサルオボサル, so he picked it up and carried it back home. Next morning he saw that it was a bag full of big and small gold coins.

- source : dannoh.or.jp/history... -
檀王法林寺 Dannō-hōrinji, Temple Danno-Horin-Ji, Kyoto 来迎柱

raigoubashira :
Two or four-circular pillars right and left at each corner of the Buddhist altar to define the most sacred place in a temple where Buddhist images are enshrined.
- JAANUS

................................................................................. Ibaraki 茨城県　
常総市 Joso city

. kitsune densetsu 狐　伝説 fox legends .
In the district of 飯沼郷 Iinuma at the temple 弘経寺 Gugyo-Ji there was a priest well versed in religious discussions, but in fact it was a fox. Another priest wanted to expose this and told the fox/priest he would give him anything he wanted.
The fox said he wanted to see Amida. The real priest told the fox that he could see Amida, but he should not pray to it, since he would then die.
But when the apparition of Amida Raigo came down from heaven, the fox was overwhelmed and begun to pray. And there - he fell down dead immediately.

................................................................................. Nagano 長野県　

Ajari-ike 阿闍梨池 pond of the Ajari
. Higo Ajari 肥後阿闍梨 / 備後阿闍 the Ajari of Higo, Acharya of Higo.
Kooen, Kōen 皇円 Saint Koen and his faith in 弥勒菩薩 Miroku Bosatsu.

................................................................................. Nara 奈良県　

. Temple Taimadera 当麻寺 / 當麻寺 and princess 中将姫 Chujo .
Princess Chujo was a nun at temple Taimadera. She prayed to Amida for her Raigo and six days later, she died and her Mandala was completed.

................................................................................. Tochigi 栃木県　

. tanuki 狸 - mujina 狢　－ racoon dog, badger legends .
An old Tanuki had lived at the temple 茂林寺 Morin-Ji, taking care of the tea kettles. Once he fell asleep and his tail begun to show, so the priest now knew he was not a human and threw him out of the temple. To show his gratitude for the many years of his stay, the Tanuki showed the others an apparition of
釈迦来迎 Shaka Raigo, Shakyamuni coming down and died.
The priest then made a grave for the Tanuki and put the lid of the tea kettle on top of it.

source : matsui-ikuo.jp/blog...
- 茶席　釈迦来迎図 -

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. Oojoyooshuu, Ōjōyōshū 往生要集 Ojoyoshu, Ojo Yoshu .
by Genshin　源信　 (942-1017), Eshin Soozu 恵心僧都 Eshin Sozu
dai oojoo 大往生 daiojo - sudden death
pokkuri 　ぽっくり　sudden death

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

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- - #raigozu #raigo #amidaraigo #amidatriad -
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