Darumapedia

3 Mar 2020

EDO - Matsumae Kaido Highway

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/02/matsumae-fukuyama-kaido.html

Matsumae Fukuyama Kaido

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
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Matsumae Kaido 松前街道 Matsumae Highway
Fukuyama Kaido 福山街道 Fukuyama Highway

1900: Fukuyama town was founded.
1940: Fukuyama changed its name to Matsumae.

The Matsumaedō 松前道 Matsumaedo connected 仙台 Sendai via Matsumae
with 函館 Hakodate, 北海道 Hokkaidō.

Also called
Hamamichi 浜道 beach road
Sotogahama Kaido 外ヶ浜街道
Sotogahama is a town in Aomori.

. Ōshū Kaidō 奥州街道 Oshu Kaido Highway .
Sendai and the Oshu Kaido

- Postal stations along the Matsumae Highway in Hokkaido
Matsumae 松前
Fukushima 福島
Shiriuchi 知内
Kikonai 木古内
Hakodate 函館

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. Matsumae city 松前宿 Hokkaido .

. Matsumaebune 松前船 Matsumae trade ships to Hokkaido .
Kitamaebune 北前船 North-bound trade ships

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Matsumae Castle 松前城, Matsumae-jō
is a castle located in Matsumae in Hokkaidō, Japan, and is the northernmost castle in Japan.
The only traditional style Edo period castle in Hokkaidō, it was the chief residence of the han (estate) of the Matsumae clan.
- History
First built in 1606 by Matsumae Yoshihiro under orders from the Tokugawa shogunate requiring his clan to defend the area, and by extension the whole of Japan, from the Ainu 'barbarians' to the north, it burned down in 1637 but was rebuilt in 1639. It once controlled all passage through Hokkaidō to the rest of Japan.
The present castle complex,
which dates from 1854, was constructed to deter attacks by foreign naval forces. Only the 30-metre-high tenshu (main tower) and a gatehouse survived destruction following the Meiji Restoration, which began in 1868. However, the tenshu burned down in 1949 and a concrete replica was built in 1960.
All of the castle site is today a public park.
- source : wikipedia

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source and more photos : hakodate.travel...

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Hakodate (函館市, Hakodate-shi)
is a city and port located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture.
- History
Hakodate was Japan's first city whose port was opened to foreign trade in 1854, as a result of Convention of Kanagawa, and used to be the most important port in northern Japan. Also, the city had been the biggest city in Hokkaido before the Great Hakodate Fire of 1934.
... Pre-Meiji restoration
Hakodate (like much of other parts of Hokkaido) was originally populated by the Ainu. They lived in the Oshima Peninsula.
The name "Hakodate" might originate from an Ainu word. Another possibility is that it means "box" or "building" in Japanese which refers to the castle built by the Kono (Kano) clan in the fifteenth century.
Hakodate was founded in 1454,
when Kono Kaganokami Masamichi constructed a large manor house in the Ainu fishing village of Usukeshi (the word for bay in Ainu).
... Hakodate flourished during the Hoei period (1704–11), and many new temples were founded in the area. The town's fortunes received a further boost in 1741 when the Matsumae clan, which had been granted nearby areas on the Oshima Peninsula as a march fief, moved its Kameda magistracy to Masamichi's house in Hakodate. ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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Genko 玄狐 / Kurogitsune 黒狐 black fox
A black furred fox that incarnated into a Big Dipper.
Before becoming a manifestation of a constellation, Genko was an ordinary black fox that served under the Shinto agricultural deity Ukanomitama as it migrated to Northern Japan. In the historical manuscript "Hokuho-bunmei-shiwa" [北方文明史話] (1930) by Shunzo Nakajima [中島峻蔵] , the descendant of the Matsumae Feudal Family [松前藩], Genko was originally from Kujo [九条] in Kyoto that travelled to Hokkaido with Princess Hatsuhime [初姫] the daughter of Lord Tokimasa Kazanin [花山院常雅] during the Edo Period.
Since the day she began to live with the Matsumae Family in the year 1771, Princess Hatsuhime continued her devotion towards Ukanomitama and for this, whenever she went to the land of Ainu people in Ezo [蝦夷地], a horde of foxes discreetly followed her as guards under the command of Ukanomitama and Genko was one of them.
Unfortunately, Princess Hatsuhime died due to illness only a few years later, but Genko remained in Northern Japan instead of returning to Kyoto for he made a family there.
Then in the year 1788, Genko reappeared as a vulpine spirit at the Benten Buddhist Monastery [弁天堂] in Hakodate City [函館市], Hokkaido.
Discovered by the yamabushi mountain monk Daishoin [山伏大昌院] one night after his spiritual training. Genko told the Yamabushi how it died after being shot down by a hunter for its fur and how it waited for him for 99 days in the monastery to ask Yamabushi a favor.
The favor was to build a shrine for Genko since its soul was never able to pass-on to the afterlife and in return, Genko promised to become a guardian of Northern Japan, forever.
Yamabushi fulfilled Genko's request and thus the Genko Inari Shrine [玄狐稲荷神社] in Matsumae City was established during the Kyowa Era (1801-1804).
This story above is one of the several legends regarding Genko.
- reference source : kaldibeta/7-types-of-kitsune-spirits-in-japan...-

知内の玄古稲荷
- reference source : donan.org/history-legend/kurokitune... -

nishin 鰊 herring， Genko 玄狐 / Kurogitsune 黒狐 black fox
Since the herring dislike foxes, they never came to this area after a Shrine for Genko was erected.
鰊は蝦夷の物産であった。文化三年に、知内山から玄狐を取ってきたことがあった。それからこの狐が祟りをなすようになった。狐を嫌う鰊も、この頃からさっぱり獲れなくなってしまった。
.
殿様の行列の前を怪しげな男が通り、家臣がこれを無礼打にしたが、よく見ると1匹の黒狐だった。その家臣が短刀でその皮を剥いで襟巻きにでもしようかと思っていると、彼の子供が病気になり、巫女に口寄せを頼むと狐が祟っているという。家臣は驚いてその皮を祀り、祠を建てて皮を剥いだ短刀を松前神社に奉献したという。
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文政6年に鰊漁をした網を乾かしていたところに、黒狐がひっかかって死んでいた。それを町役所に献上し、同じ年に稲荷ができ、狐の皮を神体とした。鰊は狐を嫌うため、稲荷を建てて狐の祟りを鎮めたのである。
.
昔、松前家が7代の公広公のときの話である。殿様は帰途家来を連れていたが、先を歩くものがいたので不審に思って家来に尋ねると、玄古という狐だという。殿様は、殿様を守っているのだからという家来の進言を聞き入れずに目障りだから打ち取れと命じたが、弾はまったくあたらなかった。殿様が羽織を家来に渡し、それを肩にかけた家来が「君命なるぞ」というと、狐は手を広げて腹を打たせたという。その狐を祀ったのが玄古稲荷神社である。

. nishin 鰊 / 鯡青魚 herring .

. Ukanomikami, Uka no Mikami 宇迦之御魂神 / 倉稲魂神 .
Deity venerated at Inari fox shrines.

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- - - - - The three famous Cherry Trees of Matsumae - - - - -

Ezo Kasumizakura 蝦夷霞桜
at the temple 龍雲院 Ryuun-In, the oldest temple in Matsumae
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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kechimyakuzakura sakura 血脈桜 blood-line cherry
Near the castle of Matsumae there were two temples, 光善寺 Kozen-Ji and 龍雲寺 Ryuun-Ji with two cherry trees, their roots intertwined.
Legend knows this:
Once upon a time, a girl named お芳 O-Yoshi had come from 芳の山 / 吉野山 Yoshinoyama with a branch of a cherry tree. This branch begun to grow into one cherry tree with yaezakura 八重の花 double-flower blossoms. This tree was the first in the line of trees, but for a long time nobody came to visit.

Kechimyaku Zakura from which the Naden descend . . .
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Meotozakura 夫婦桜 Couple Sakura
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

Hokkaido's vividly colored cherry blossoms.
- source : en.visit-hokkaido.jp -

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松前領 Matsumae region

reija 霊蛇 "spirit snake"
In the year 1823, the wife of 立之助 Ryunosuke from Ahinoma village was simple and not greedy.
In the sixth lunar month when she worked in the fields, she found a lot of kozen 古銭 old coins. She kept working in the fields but then took some coins home.
On her way back home, a small snake followed her, but was not to be seen any more when she was home.
When Ryunosuke heard this, he checked the basket for carrying soil, there was a small snake inside. He killed the snake with his kiseru キセル metal pipe.
Then he went out to the field, hoping to find more coins, but did not find anything. This was because he had killed the serpent.

. hebi 蛇と伝説 Legends about snakes and serpents .

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yanone ishi 矢ノ根石，yajiri ishi 鏃石 arrowhead stone
Once after a strong rain-storm in Matsumae, it begun to rain stones in the form of an arrowhead.

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松前町 Matsumae town

daifuku mai 大福米 "Good Luck Rice"
At the estate of 蠣崎友広 Kakizaki Tomohiro (1598 - 1658), the chief retainer of the Matsumae domain, a lot of rice came out of a well.
Tomohiro called it "Great Luck Rice" and offered it to his lord. The lord filled them into many bottles and kept them.
This rice kept clean for many generations to come. Each time someone opened a bottle, there was something lucky happening.

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yamabushi 山伏 mountain priest
The fishing for herrings had been very bad, so the villagers asked a Yamabushi for a purification ritual.
The priest fasted for seven days and nights and then had a divine revelation.
The villagers were happy and made new nets.
But how much they waited, the herring did not come. Eventually the herring season was over and they hat caught nothing. Now the village was in deep trouble.

. nishin 鰊 / 鯡青魚 herring .

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Matsumae 厚岸町 Akkeshi town

reiki 霊亀 "spirit turtle"
In the year 1825, in the region of Akkeshi, they caught a large turtle, in fact a suppon スッポン soft-shelled turtle.
When the fish dealer 惣助 Sosuke came, the turtle made him cry. The man who had caught the turtle also felt sorry, so they let it go.
Since then they never had a bad fishing season. This must have been the magical power of the turtle.

. kame 亀 turtle legends .

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爾志郡 Nishi district 乙部町 Otobe town

Sasayama Jinja 笹山神社 Sasayama Inari Shrine
About 200 years ago, there was a traveler visiting the Sasayama Shrine, oan on his way back he saw three shika 鹿 deer.
He felt lucky and performed a 鹿子舞 deer dance at the shrine.
The wife of the Lord of Matsumae had been ill, but this dance helped her to get well again.
This is a pun with
shishimai 獅子舞 lion dance

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

松前怪談十種
深瀬春一 Fukase Harukazu

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

松前の漁師の厚司波模様

城村貞子 Jomura Sadako

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28 Feb 2020

EDO - Tanba Tango Kaido

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/02/tango-tanba-kaido-highways.html

Tango Tanba Kaido Highways

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- for 丹波街道 Tanba Kaido, see below -
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Tango Kaido 丹後街道 Tango Highway
From Tsuruga, Fukui to Maizuru, Kyoto.
Now National Highway Nr. 27.

Part of the Jukan Doro along the Sea of Japan
日本海側の縦貫道路の一部 jūkan dōro

- Postal stations along the Tango Kaido
Tsuruga 敦賀市
Wakasa 若狭町
Obama 小浜市
Takahama 高浜町
Kichisaka toge pass 吉坂峠 (in Maizuru)
Maizuru 舞鶴市 (Kyoto)

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Tango Province (丹後国, Tango no Kuni)
was an old province in the area that is today northern Kyoto Prefecture facing the Sea of Japan. Together with Tanba Province, Tango was sometimes called Tanshū (丹州).
Tango bordered on Tajima, Tanba, and Wakasa provinces.
At various times both Maizuru and Miyazu were the capital and chief town of the province.
- History
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713), the land of Tango Province was administratively separated from Tanba Province. In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period.
In Wadō 6, Mimasaka Province was sundered from Bizen Province, and Hyūga Province was divided from Ōsumi Province. In Wadō 5 (712), Mutsu Province had been severed from Dewa Province.
Maps of Japan and Tango Province were reformed in the 1870s when the prefecture system was introduced. At the same time, the province continued to exist for some purposes. For example, Tango is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the United States and (b) between Japan and the United Kingdom.
The 1927 Kita Tango earthquake caused major damage in the region and killed around 3,000 people.
This area is still known as Tango Peninsula, some parts of it are in Tango Quasi-National Park. A town in this region was likewise named Tango. It is now defunct and part of Kyōtango (Kyō + Tango) since 2004.
- Historical districts
Kasa District (加佐郡)
Yosa District (与謝郡)
Naka District (中郡)
Takeno District (竹野郡)
Kumano District (熊野郡)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Matsuo Basho - Station 41 - Tsuruga 敦賀 .

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. Wakasa 若狭 lacquer and agate 漆と瑪瑙 .

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Kichisaka toge pass 吉坂峠

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. Maizuru Daruma Festival 舞鶴だるま祭 .

. Ama no Hashidate 天の橋立 .

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Historical streetscape of Onyu / Obama
Historical streetscape of 遠敷 Onyu spreads along the road at the junction of Wakasa-kaido Road and 針畑越（根来道） Harihatagoe also known as Negori-zaka slope. In the surrounding area of Onyu district stand 若狭姫神社 Wakasahime Shrine, 若狭国府 Wakasa Kokufu, and 若狭国分寺 Wakasa Kokubunji Temple. This is the area where dedicated articles and salt were sent to Kyoto, the ancient capital of Japan. A market was established here after medieval times and developed into a town in front of Wakasahime Shrine.
Before 熊川宿 Kumagawa-juku was developed, it used to be the base of transportation of 鯖街道 Saba-kaido Road, or a highway supplying marine products and fish such as mackerel called "saba" in Japanese to the Imperial family and court in Kyoto, the ancient capital of Japan. In the mid Edo Period, Onyu district flourished by processing agate in Hokkaido and Tohoku region brought there by Kitamae-bune, or freight vessels by way of the Japan Sea. A large quantity of agate called Wakasa agate processed in Onyu was shipped to Kyoto and Osaka. Processing of agate has been handed down as a traditional craft up to today.
Today Tango-kaido Road
and the area close to Wakasahime Shrine are lined with houses called Machiya, or merchants' houses, which retain traditional architectural style built after the Meiji Period. In Onyu Festival, an annual festival of Wakasahiko shrine and Himegami shrine, drum dance and Kagura drum performance are dedicated to the gods of these shrines by local residents and Ujiko, or shrine parishioners. Kagura refers to sacred Shinto music and dancing performed at a shrine.
- source : city.obama.fukui.jp...-

source : 4travel.jp/travelogue...
熊川宿 Kumagawa-juku

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. Tango Chirimen Kaidoo 縮緬街道 the Chirimen Road .
to transport Tango Chirimen Silk Crepe to Kyoto.

. saba kaido 鯖街道 mackerel road .

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Tanba Kaido 丹波街道 / 旦波街道 Tanba Highway
From Tanba (Tamba) to Kyoto.

Tanba no kuni 丹波国 the Tamba province of the Edo period, now parts belong to Hyogo, others to Kyoto.

The first part of the 山陰街道 Sanin Kaido led to the Tanba region.
It was also called
Tanba Kaido 丹波街道
Tanshu Kaido 丹州街道
Tanbaji, Tanba-Ji 丹波路
Tanshuji, Tanshu-Ji 丹州路

- quote -
Tanba Province (丹波国, Tanba no kuni)
was an old province of Japan. The ambit of its borders encompassed both the central part of modern Kyōto Prefecture and the east-central part of Hyōgo Prefecture. It and the neighbouring Tango Province were collectively known as Tanshū (丹州). Besides Tango, Tanba bordered on Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima, Wakasa, and Yamashiro Provinces.
The ancient provincial capital is believed to be in the area of modern Kameoka.
- History
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713), Tango Province (丹後国) was administratively separated from Tanba. In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period. ...
After being governed by a succession of minor daimyō, the region was eventually conquered by Oda Nobunaga in the Sengoku period. He assigned the province to one of his generals, Akechi Mitsuhide, who would become the central figure in Nobunaga's assassination in 1582.
A town in this region also named Tanba was merged with several other towns in 2005 to create Kyōtanba (Kyō + Tanba).
- Historic districts
----- Hyōgo Prefecture
Hikami District (氷上郡)
Taki District (多紀郡)
----- Kyoto Prefecture
Amata District (天田郡)
Funai District (船井郡)
Ikaruga District (何鹿郡)
Kuwada District (桑田郡)
- Kitakuwada District (北桑田郡)
- Minamikuwada District (南桑田郡)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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（丹波地域）たんば三街道 - 3 Kaido in Tanba
丹波の森街道： Tanba no Mori Kaido
国道427号～県道青垣柏原線～国道176号（篠山市草野～丹波市青垣町遠阪）
水分れ街道： Mizuwakare Kaido
国道175号（丹波市山南町井原～丹波市市島町下竹田）
デカンショ街道：Dekansho Kaido
国道372号（篠山市西野々～篠山市今田町本荘）
川代恐竜街道：Kawashiro Kyoryu Kaido- Dinosaur road
県道篠山山南線（篠山市大山下～丹波市山南町谷川）

- reference source : web.pref.hyogo.lg.jp... -

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Tanba Province: 鐘坂　Kanegasaka
Utagawa Hiroshige
鐘坂と鬼の架け橋　－Kanegasaka Oni no kakehashi 鬼の架け橋 - Kinzan

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Kinzan Castle
Oiiri Tanba-Sasayama city, Hyogo
..... Kinzan castle spreads T shaped peak of Kinzan mountain. Central area of castle is a rectangular one of 50 meter long and 20 meter wide, which has about two meter height stone wall at its western half where main building might exist. At the west slope of central area there is a huge shaped rock called as "Oni no Kakehashi", which is a huge flat stone stands over the gap of the rock like a bridge......
- source : japancastle.jp... -

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. Sanin Kaido 山陰街道 Sanin Highway, San'in Highway .

. Folk art from the Tanba region .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

................................................................................. Tango no Kuni 丹後国

A person from 丹後国宮津出 Tanba no Kuni, Miyazu came to Kyoto to do business, but he became ill and could not hear any more. He followed the advise of a friend and went to Osaka for three years, but his deafness did not heal. Finally he went back to Miyazu.
But his language had changed and he now talked like someone from Osaka!

.................................................................................　Kyoto 京都府
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宮津市 Miyazu city
Located in Miyazu City is 天橋立 Amanohashidate, the "bridge to heaven", one of the three most beautiful sights of Japan.
The naturally formed land bridge is 3.6 kilometers long and covered in pine trees.

oo-onna 大女 a huge woman
In 1702, there was an epidemic in the village of 宮津村 Miyazu, which finally ebbed down.
On the 7th day of the first lunar month in the evening, a villager saw a large woman of about 3 meters in white robes sitting at the foot of a pine tree. When he came home he fell ill with a fever, and mumbled the words of the woman:
"I was the servant of the lady of the castle and was executed because of an intrigue. To get my revenge I made the epidemic come to the village. If you hold a special ritual for me on the 17th day of the second lunar month, I will be saved and become the mamorigami 守り神 protector deity of this village."

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In the year 1026, a woman of about 2 meters with a long face came on a boat from 丹後国 Tango no Kuni. On the boat they had quite a Sake party and everybody got ill. When the boat reached the coast, they had all died.

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. ryuutoo 龍燈 / 龍灯 / 竜灯と伝説 Legends about Ryuto, "Dragon Lantern" .
At Amanohashidate, at night on the 16th day of every month, there is a strange light coming from the ushitora 丑寅 North-East direction and heading to the Monju Do 文殊堂 Hall for Monju Bosatsu at the temple 智恩寺 Chion-Ji. In front of the hall is one pine tree, which is called
ryuutoo no matsu 竜灯の松 "pine of the Dragon Lantern"

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Kyoto 与謝郡 Yosa district 野田川町 Nodagawa

. Eiko 英胡，Karuashi 迦樓夜叉，Tsuchiguma 土熊 - Three oni 鬼 demons .
and 麻呂子親王 Prince Maroko Shinno

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
丹後国 - ok
50 丹波国 (00)
24 丹波国動物 (00)

丹波国船井郡の動物伝説 Animal legends from Funai, Tanba.
田中勝雄 Tanaka Katsuo

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

朝凪のちりめん波も丹後なる
asanagi no chirimen nami mo Tango naru

大立しづ　Hirotatsu Shizu

. asanagi - no wind in the morning .
- - kigo for late summer - -

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25 Feb 2020

SHINTO - Sai no Kami Legends

https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.com/2020/01/sai-no-kami-legends.html

Sai no Kami legends

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Shinto Shrines (jinja　神社) - Introduction .
. kami　神　Shinto deities .
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Sai no Kami 幸神 / 幸の神 / さいの神 / サイノカミ
Deity of Fortune and Good Luck

. Sai no Kami 幸の神 God of Good Fortune .
- Introduction -

Also called
Sae no kami 障の神 - 塞の神
A kind of Dosojin, Wayside Deity and also seen as Tanokami.

toshi no kami 歳の神 Deity of the Year (another name for Sai no Kami)
. toshitokujin 歳德神 Deity of the Year - Legends .
Toshigami 年神 / 歳神

Shogatsu Sama 正月様 Deity of the New Year

Sai no kami no kanjin 幸の神の勧進 Praying to the God of Good Fortune
On January 15.
This custom is mostly followed in the Tohoku region.

. umi no sachi 海の幸 yama no sachi 山の幸 .
food from the sea, food from the mountains
Offerings to the Japanese deities always contain at least one plate with food from the sea and one with food from the mountains, one fish and one radish.
- Umisachihiko うみさちひこ【海幸彦】
- Yamasachihiko やまさちひこ【山幸彦】- the younger brother of Umisachihiko

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. 道祖神 Dosojin, the Wayside Deities .
Most of these stone deities are found along the roads of Central Japan, especially Nagano and Yamanashi, but of course also in other parts. They are called by many names, for example:
賽の神　sai no kami, 障の神, 祖神 sae no kami, see no kami せーの神,
sakai no kami 境神> sai no kami; 障神 shooshin; 衢神 kushin, 八衢神 yachimata no kami, 道俣神 chimata no kami;
doorokujin　道六神, / 道碌神 / 道陸神 Doroku-Jin (in connection with the six Jizo statues on the crossroads and the six realms of existence (rokudoo　六道),
岐神 chimatagami, 船戸神 funado no kami; 道の神 michi no kami, ひだる神 hidarugami、アラハバキ神　Arahabakigami and more.
SAI or SAE means keeping out, destructing the way for the evil spirits.
Festivals in their honor are the fire festivities on the old lunar New Year,
Dondoyaki　どんど焼、sagichoo 左義長, saitoyaki 賽燈燒,　紫灯、寒灯.

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Sachigami Jinja 幸神神社 / さちかみじんじゃ Sachigami Shrine, Sachikami Shrine
東京都西多摩郡日の出町大久野2129 / Hinode-machi-2129 Oguno, Nishitama-gun, Nishitama District, Tokyo

- - - Deity in residence
猿田彦大神（さるたひこのおおかみ） Sarutahiko no okami

- - - Annual festival
3月26日 March 26

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Sashikami Myoojin 幸神明神 / サシカミミョウジン
Sashikami Myojin, Sainokami Myojin Deity

In Tokyo 東京都
Once the children played with a statue of 明神様 Myojin Sama and let it float in water. An old man of the hamlet took it away from them. Two or three days later, he became very ill.
Maybe this was because he had taken the statue, so he let if float again in water and was soon healed.

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In Fukushima 福島県塙町 Hanawa city / 山幸神社 Shrine Yamasachi Jinja
福島県東白川郡塙町眞名畑字宮田84

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
At the end of the Edo period, there was oosugi 大杉 a huge cedar tree with a hole in its trunk at 山幸神社 the Shrine Yamasachi Jinja.
The deity of the Shrine was 老婆 an old woman. Once she threw the 杉葉 cedar leaves into this cave and a huge Thunderstorm lasted for three days, burning the tree.
In the ashes they found the bones of a hebi 蛇 serpent.

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山幸神社 Yamasachi Jinja
佐賀県唐津市柏崎 Saga prefecture, Karatsu

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Sainokami
Yahatanishi Ward, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka / 福岡県北九州市八幡西区幸神

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.......................................................................　Ehime 愛媛県 .....
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伊予郡 Io district 砥部町 Tobe town

. Kaze no Kami 風邪の神 and Sai no Kami .

.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....
檜枝岐村 Hinoemata village

The deity is also called
Sei no Kami せいの神.

Sai no Kami さいの神 / 賽の神 can prevent illness if properly venerated in the village.
It protects the road to the village.
After the first calligraphy of the year the paper must be burned and the ashes of the
Dondoyaki fire for 賽の神 Sai no Kami thrown in the air to improve one's writing.
If this is not done, there will be no improvement.
Eating mochi 餅 rice cakes prepared in the ashes of the Dondoyaki fire will keep the teeth strong and prevent stomach illness.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
さいの神 / 幸神

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. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #sainokami #幸神 #sachigami #yamasachi #toshigami -
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22 Feb 2020

HEIAN - Ushiishi bull rock legends

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2020/01/ushiishi-gyuseki-bull-rock-legends.html

ushiishi gyuseki bull rock legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
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ushiishi 牛石と伝説 Legends about the "bull rock"
ushi-ishi / gyuu-ishi ぎゅういし / gyuuseki

Not to mix with ishi no ushi 石の牛 the stone figures of a bull from Tanjin Sama!

. Tenjin Sama - Sugawara Michizane Legends 天神菅原道真伝説 .

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Ushiishi Kofun 牛石古墳 Ushiishi burial mound

1-4 Momoyamadai, Minami Ward, Sakai, Osaka
西原公園にある古墳 in Nishihara Park

Part of the exposed stone chamber looks like a bull lying down.

- quote -

石室の天井石が露出していて、いかにも牛が寝そべったように見える。この石にまつわる伝説が多々ある。
- reference source : kitamejirou .blog. -

. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県
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多治見市 Tajimi city

Once upon a time
in the village 小泉村大原 Koizumi Ohara they pulled a bull to the Myojin Shrine, but the bull stopped walking. The bull leader became angry and slashed it, cutting off its head.
The bull turned into stone on the spot and the head rolled over to another place to become a stone too.

......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
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利根郡 Tone district

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
The governor of the Oku-Joshu region went to a banquet, where he saw a beautiful woman and became her lover.
He never saw the woman during daytime, only at night. When he asked her why, she said she was from a poor farmer family from 庄田 Shoda and if he would marry her, she would serve him during daytime too.
So they wedded and a while later a boy was born.
The woman was a huge serpent from 庄田の沼 the swamp at Shoda. The palanquin she had used to come turned into a rock and was called 牛石 Ushiishi.
Her son had a long face and scales on his body.

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
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飯坂町 Iizaka town

In the temple town of 頭陀寺 Zuda-Ji there is a rock which looks like a sleeping bull.
When they built this temple, they used this bull to transport the lumber, when he got tired and died.

......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県
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石巻市 Ishinomaki city

The 鹿島の神 Deity from Kashima came riding on a bull, and this bull turned into stone.

. Kashima Shrine 鹿島神宮 Kashima Jingu .

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Miyagi 名取市 Natori city 高館川上 Takadate Kawakami

At the castle of 大館城 Odate, there was no water supply. They had to use a bull to carry barrels down to the river to get water.
When the castle fell, the bull turned into a rock..

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Miyagi 塩竃市 Shiogama city
shiogama - lit. kettle to make salt

ushiishi, ushi-ishi, ウシイシ gyuseki 牛石 the bull who had become a rock
This huge rock is in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja.
In the pond East of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is a huge rock, looking like a bull lying down, with his eyes, nose, horns and ears visible.
On the 6th day of the 7th lunar month, when the well is cleaned, it can be fully seen.
When the deity 塩土翁神 Shiyotsuchi no Oji made salt, the tide brought a huge bull, which turned into this rock.
Shiotsuchi no Oji had originally seven iron kettles, four remain - of two sizes
一口は径四尺 1,2 m diameter
三口は四尺八寸の鉄釜 a bit larger
dedicated to ryuujin 竜神 the Dragon Deity.
The deity 和加佐彦命 Wakasahiko no Mikoto changed into the figure of a young boy with a purple apron and let the bull to the Seaside.
His muchi 鞭 whip was made from fuji 藤 wisteria.

. Legends from Noda Kaido 野田街道 Noda Highway .

- quote -
Shiogama jinja is thought to be one of the oldest shrines in Tohoku, and there are a variety of different rituals carried out throughout the year. Primary among these are the Salt-Making ritual held on 6 July. The ancient salt making ritual is performed at the Okama (or Okamasya) Shrine in Shiogama, the smaller shrine that is subordinate to Shiogama shrine. According to shrine tradition, the Okama shrine is located in a place that used to be a beach called Hodenohama in ancient times, where salt was made for the first time in the nation.
The Okama shrine that deifies Shiotsuchi-no-Oji-kami, who allegedly taught them salt making, as well as Yonkono Kamigama and Ushiishi fujimuchi-sha, both of whom were also related to the process of salt making … is thus probably the oldest location of the Shiogama shrine structures.
- source : heritageofjapan.wordpress.com ... salt roads -

Ushiishi Fujimuchi Sha 牛石藤鞭社 "Shrine of the whip from wisteria"

......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県
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小県郡 Chiisagata district 武石村 Takeshi village

Once upon a very long time
the Deity wanted to clear the land for farming and came riding on a bull. But the animal died and turned into a rock.
It also brings illness.
Once they wanted to remove the rock to make space for a new road, but the following year hyakunichiseki 百日咳 pertussis became rampant and many died.

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Nagano 下条村 Shimojo village

ushigatsume no ushiishi 牛ヶ爪の牛石 Ushiishi with the imprint of the hoof
Once someone told a blind sennin 仙人 hermit, who had lost his way, a wrong way on purpose.
The hermit on his bull lost his way completely and he and the animal died.
The anger toward the man who had shown them the wrong way showed in the stone as the remains of the hoof.
Now people in this area learned the lesson and never deceive people.

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .

......................................................................................... Osaka 大阪府
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堺市 Sakai city

ushiishizuka 牛石塚 Ushiishi mound
There is a huge rock that looks like a bull lying down, called Ushiishizuka mound of the rock bull.
It is a sacred place and people do not dare to come near.
Once they wanted to cut the rock, but blood begun to flow into a pond. This pond is called various names:
半分血池、大方血池、大方池、ハブ池.

......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
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文京区 Bunkyo ward

. ushiishi, ushi-ishi 牛石 "bull stone" .
. Tenjin Sama - Sugawara Michizane Legends 天神菅原道真伝説 .

When 源実朝 Minamoto no Sanetomo (1192 - 1219) was making war in the Northern Territories, Sugawara Michizane 菅神 Kanjin appeared in his dream, riding a bull:
"Lord Sanetomo has two parts of good fortune. When the war is over, built a small shrine and venerate there."
When Sanetomo woke up, he found a stone with the imprint of a bull's hooves just as he had seen in his dream.
In this year, his son 源頼家 Minamoto no Yoriie (1182 - 1204) was born and in the following year, Sanetomo was able to fight his enemy.
After winning the battle, he had a shrine erected and made an offering of this "Bull Stone".

牛石 (牛天神北野神社)(東京都文京区春日) Ushi Tenjin Kitano Jinja
1 Chome-5-2 Kasuga, Bunkyō ward

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- #ishiushi #ushi #bullstone #kofun #ushiishi #bullrock #gyuseki -
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21 Feb 2020

EDO - Noda Kaido Shiogama

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/noda-kaido-highway-numakunai.html

Noda Kaido Highway Numakunai

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道, see below
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Noda Kaido 野田街道 Noda Highway
沼宮内廻野田街道 Numakunai mawari Noda Kaido

Connecting 盛岡 Morioka city, 岩手県 Iwate with 野田 Noda town the Northern part of 三陸海岸 the Sanriku Kaigan coast.

The 本野田街道 Main Noda Kaido Highway
Passing from Morioka via the 小本街道 Omoto Kaido to 岩泉 Iwaizumi, then passing 安家 Akka and on to the Daikansho 代官所 Government office in Noda.
This was the shorter route and used more often.

The Numakunai 沼宮内廻野田街道 Noda Kaido passing via Numakunai
Branching off from the 奥州街道 Oshu Kaido in the North of 沼宮内宿 Numakunai-juku at the village of 尾呂部 Orobe
Passing 吉ヶ沢 Yoshigasawa, 葛巻 Kuzumaki, 関 Seki, 木売内 Kiurinai and 下戸鎖 Shimotokusari
and joining the Oda Kaido at 宇部 Ube.
Another route via the 角掛峠 Tsunokake toge pass went to 久慈 Kuji city.

Since 1664 the lord of 八戸藩 the Hachinohe domain used this road to go to Morioka and a 関番所 barrier was erected.
This road is sometimes called
shio no michi 塩の道 Salt road
to transport the salt made in 塩釜 Shiogama via Noda to Morioka. It was used by 南部牛方 the Nanbu Ushikata traders, who transported the salt on cows.

- Postal stations along the Noda Kaido

Noda 野田
Shimotowada 下戸渡
Kiurinai 木売内
Oguni 小国
Seki 関
Kuzumaki 葛巻
Numakunai 沼宮内
Umibe 海辺
Akka 安家

Akka is now part of the 下閉伊郡 Shimohei district, Iwate.

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Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道 Shiogama Highway
Connecting Shiogama with 仙台 Sendai, 宮城県 Miyagi.

shiogama - lit. kettle to make salt

- Postal stations along the Shiogama Kaido

Sendai Castle　仙台城
Iwakiri 岩切
Nangu 南宮
Ichikawa 市川
Shiogama 塩釜
then on to the famous Matsushima 松島

- quote -
Shiogama (塩竈 or 塩釜)
The city derives its name ("salt furnace") from an ancient method to harvest salt by boiling seawater in large kettles. The ritual is still performed every July at Shiogama Shrine, an important shrine at the center of the town. The shrine is also a popular cherry blossom spot with a large variety of cherry tree varieties.
Shiogama
is often combined with a visit to nearby Matsushima, as the two cities are connected by the popular sightseeing cruises via Matsushima Bay.
- source : japan-guide.com... -

. Shiogama Jinja 塩釜神社 / 鹽竈神社 Shiogama Shrine .
It is the head shrine of several hundred Shiogama shrines located throughout Japan.
In the"Narrow Roads to the Deep North",
the poet, Matsuo Basho, describes traveling from Shiogama to Matsushima by boat.
. tsubo no ishibumi at Tateishi 壷の碑を立石 .

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Shiwahiko Jinja　志波彦神社
It was formerly situated in Iwakiri, to the west of Shiogama, but it was transferred to the precincts of Shiogama Jinja in 1874.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- quote -
Shiogama Jinja (鹽竈神社)
Three kami are enshrined at Shiogama Jinja, in three separate buildings:
Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami in the betsugu (detached sanctuary),
Takemikazuchi-no-Kami in the sagu (left sanctuary), and
Futsunushi-no-Kami in the ugu (right sanctuary).
Shiwahiko Jinja is dedicated to another kami, Shiwahiko-no-Kami.
- History
The construction of Shiogama Jinja dates to before the historic era. Per shrine legend, the Sun Goddess, Amaterasu-Omikami, specifically commanded Takemikazuchi-no-Kami and Futsunushi-no-Kami, to develop the Tōhoku area.
A third kami, Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami, guided the other two to this region. After their arrival, the area enjoyed a period of peace, and Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami taught the local people how to make salt from sea water. In gratitude, a shrine was erected to the three kami.
Shiogama Jinja appears in historical records in 820 AD, when it was given exemption from taxes.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

source : artne.jp/event... 福岡市博物館

塩竈・松島図屏風 Shiogama - Matsushima Byobu folding screen

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. Sanriku Hamakaido 三陸浜街道 Sanriku Beach Road .

. shio no michi 塩の道 the salt roads of Japan .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Miyagi 宮城県

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宮城郡 Miyagi district 七ヶ浜町 Shichigahama town

Mahanashijima 馬放島 "Island to let the horse run"
The two main deities venerated at Shiogama,
Futsunushi no Mikoto 経津主命(ふつぬしのみこと）and
Takemikatsuchi no Mikoto 武甕槌命(たけみかつちのみこと）
came riding on a white horse. They landed on the island Mahanashijima.
When the shinme 神馬 divine horse of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja becomes old, it is brought to this island to live his last days.

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塩竃市 Shiogama city

fuji no ki 藤の木 wisteria tree
At the 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja the color murasaki 紫 purple is taboo.
The deity in residence does not like the fuji no ki 藤の木 wisteria tree and thus not the color.
All the parishioners of the Shrine avoid purple.

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kamagafuchi 釜ヶ渕 riverside of the kettle / cauldron
Once one of the 12 sacred kettles of the Deity, shinkama 神釜 / 神竈 / 御釜 O-Kama was stolen.
When the boat of the thieves passed the riverside, it sank to the ground.

O-Kama Jinja 御釜神社 "Shrine of the Divine Kettle"
宮城県塩竈市本町6-1

- quote -
This unassuming shrine is named for its four metal cauldrons which have been used since ancient times to make salt.
The cauldrons are designated one of the Three Great Miracles of Japan. The color of the water in these cauldrons is said to change before disasters, a belief so prevalent that during the Edo period the shrine was ordered to inform the rulers of the Sendai Domain whenever there was a change in color. It is even said that the color of the water changed just before the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.

Okama Jinja enshrines Shiotsuchi Oji no Kami,
the god who taught humans how to make salt. An sacred salt-making ritual is held here on July 6 every year, a tradition which has continued for one thousand years.
- source : visitmiyagi.com/contents... -

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塩竃市 Shiogama city 一森山 Ichimoriyama

Shiotsuchi no Oji 塩釜翁神 / シオツチノオジ / 塩竈明神 Shiogama Myojin
塩椎神 Shiotsuchi no Kami / 塩竃さん Shiogama San
There are three deities venerated at Shiogama Jinja. Later one of them,
武甕槌神 Takemikazuchi no Kami went down the river 利根川 Tonegawa to 鹿島 Kashima.
経津主神 Futsunushi no Kami went to 香取 Katori.
Only 塩椎神 Shiotsuji no Kami stayed here.

- quote -
Kotokatsukunikatsunagasa
A local kami who greeted the heavenly grandchild Ninigi upon his arrival at Kasasa of Ata no Nagaya (in Kagoshima Prefecture) after his descent from heaven (tenson kōrin). Nihongi states that the kami made a free-will offering of the land to Ninigi.
According to a variant "alternate writing" also provided by Nihongi, the kami is identified with Shiotsuchi no oji ("old man of the sea"), an offspring of Izanagi.
Shiotsuchi no oji is described elsewhere as guiding Hohodemi to the Palace of the Sea, and telling Emperor Jinmu about the "fair land to the east," with the result that he is viewed as a tutelary kami of the sea.
- source : kokugakuin Kadoya Atsushi -

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tarayooju 多羅葉樹 / タラヨウジュ / Ilex latifolia
The Ilex tree in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is called
nanja monja, nanjamonja なんじゃもんじゃ "what is this?"
In former times, when bokesen 卜占 divinations were made, a leaf of this tree was roasted.

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ushiishi, ushi-ishi, ウシイシ gyuseki 牛石 the bull who had become a rock
This huge rock is in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja.
In the pond East of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is a huge rock, looking like a bull lying down, with his eyes, nose, horns and ears visible.
On the 6th day of the 7th lunar month, when the well is cleaned, it can be fully seen.
When the deity 塩土翁神 Shiyotsuchi no Oji made salt, the tide brought a huge bull, which turned into this rock.