Darumapedia

3 Jun 2018

EDO - Minowa district

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/06/minowa-district.html

Minowa district

The area used to stick out like a nose into the sea. It was called
mizu no wa 水の輪 ring of water or mizu no hana 水の鼻 nose in the water.
The pronunciation has then changed to Minowa.
It was a kind of plain, 三ノ輪原 Minowahara.

During the Great Fire of Meireki in 1657 most of the city of Edo burned down, including the pleasure district. The new pleasure district, Yoshiwara 吉原, was close to Asakusa and thus to Minowa

Even before the Edo period, this was a sort of highway station on the way to the North.
. Ōshū Kaidō 奥州街道 Oshu Kaido Highway .
connecting Edo with the Mutsu Province in Tohoku.
Just before leaving Edo, after crossing the 三ノ輪橋 Minowabashi bridge there were the new pleasure quarters.
The old bridge was demolished in 1926.

. Yoshiwara 葦原 /　吉原　pleasure quarters in Edo .

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Meisho Edo hyakkei - Minowa, Kanasugi, Mikawashima
名所江戸百景［箕輪　金杉　三河しま］
歌川広重初代 Utagawa Hiroshige 1

- quote
Minowa
Huge villas and gardens of feudal lords who served the Shogun were located here during the Edo period. As painted in ukiyo-e, the farming villages of Minowa and Kanasugi as well as Mikawashima were sites for the Shogun's hawk hunting.
In 1913, a tram that would be the present-day Toden Arakawa line started its operation to the town of Oji. Adjacent to tram terminal, on the site where 石川屋敷跡 Lord Ishikawa's villa had been, a new shopping district was built. The area is still a popular shopping district named ジョイフル三の輪商店街 Joyful-Minowa. Locals still call here "the new district." Here you can buy foods like tempura, dumplings, and メンチカツ menchi-katsu (a breaded, deep-fried meat patty) just as busy Japanese mothers have done since the good old days.
- source : National Diet Library

ジョイフル三の輪

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Minowa Station 三ノ輪駅 Minowa-eki
is a subway station in Taitō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Tokyo Metro. It is close to Minowabashi Station on the Tokyo Sakura Tram.

夜桜を見て横丁の三ノ輪線
yozakura o mite yokochoo no Minowa sen

viewing night cherry blossoms
and then into the back roads
along the Minowa line

両角玲子 Morozumi Reiko

Minowabashi Station Terminus 三ノ輪橋停留場 Minowabashi teiryūjō
is a station on the Tokyo Sakura Tram. This is the terminus of the line. It is close to Minowa Station on the Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line.

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　西多摩郡　Nishi-Tama district
箕輪村 Minowa village

shirogitsune 白狐 white fox
There is an old family in Minowa. They tell a tale of a white fox who fell into the well and died on the first day of the New Year.
Since then the family had misfortunes and lost all their wealth.

. kitsune densetsu 狐　伝説 fox legends .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

かたよりて右は箕輪の若葉哉
katayorite migi wa Minowa no wakaba kana

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

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朝顔や三ノ輪の猫のこぎれいに
asagao ya Minowa no neko no kogirei ni

大木あまり Ooki Amari (1941 - )

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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2 Jun 2018

EDO - Kofun mounds

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/06/kofun-burial-mound.html

kofun burial mound

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. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
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kofun 古墳 burial mounds in Tokyo

. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .
- Introduction and legends -

There are more than 200 burial mounds in Tokyo.

- collecting -
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Musashi Fuchu Kumano Jinja Kofun　武蔵府中熊野神社古墳
2-9 Nishi-Fuchu, Fuchu city

- quote -
The tomb mound consists of two lower stages in square shape in plan view and of a single upper stage in circular shape; thus the type is called jo-en kahofun (tomb mound with circular mound on upper stage and rectangular mound on lower stage). As per size, the lowest mound is ca. 32 m on side, the second mound ca. 23 m on side and the uppermost mound has a diameter of ca. 16 m. The structure for funeral is so-called stone chamber with a horizontal hole, which was built by lining cut stones. The total length is ca. 8.8 m, and the structure consists of 3 chambers.
Almost no relics
were excavated due to grave robbing and others, but a metal tip attached to a sword casing was excavated. The metal tip is decorated with silver Damascening.
The construction of the tomb mound
supposedly dates back to the middle to the latter half of the 7th century, on the ground of the shape of the stone chamber and characteristics of the metal tip.
There are four tomb mounds
with circular mound on upper stage and rectangular mound on lower stage which are identified in investigations. And it is said that the mound is likely to be the biggest and oldest one among the four mounds. Moreover, since the tomb mound is one of the largest ones in Musashi area of this period and it has a large-sized stone chamber, it is likely that the buried person was one of the most powerful chieftain in Musashi. Another interesting subject will be a link to Musashi Kokufu (Provincial Office of Musashi Province) and Tosando Musashimichi (Musashimichi branch of the Tosando main road), which were constructed immediately later.
- source : syougai.metro.tokyo.jp/bunkazai... -

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Ootsuka 大塚 Otsuka "big mound"
It used to be a farming region in Koishikawa village.
The name refers to an area of flat fields, in the middle of them was a large mound, a 古墳 Kofun.

. Koishikawa 小石川 - Bunkyo ward .

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Shiba Maruyama Kofun　芝丸山古墳
4-10-17, Shibakoen, Minato ward, Tokyo

- quote
Shiba Maruyama Kofun is a tumulus that is a 106-meter-long zenpo-koen-fun (a keyhole-shaped mound).
It is said to be the largest tumulus in Tokyo with the circular part at 64 meters in diameter, the square part at 40 meters in width at the front, and the narrowest part between the circular and square parts at 22 meters. It is located on the hill at a height of 16 meters above sea level with its frontal part facing south-southwest. Its original shape has been significantly damaged; particularly, the top and the back circular parts have been scraped off. When Japanese archeologists investigated the tumulus in 1898, the main part (the burial facility), thought to have been at the center of the back circular part, was already lost. The corpse and its accompanying burial goods were also missing. From the shape of the frontal part, which is lower and narrower, as well as the condition of the site, it is estimated to have been built in the 5th century. It was designated as an Important Historical Property of Tokyo in 1979. It is within walking distance from both the Toei Subway Mita Line Shiba-koen Station and the JR (Japan Railways) Yamanote Line Hamamatsucho Station.
- source : livejapan.com/en...

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - The Japanese Home .

. Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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PERSONS - Udagawa Yoan

http://darumapedia-persons.blogspot.com/2018/04/udagawa-yoan.html

Udagawa Yoan

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. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
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Udagawa Yooan, Udagawa Yōan 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan
(1798 - 1846)

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a 19th-century Japanese scholar of Western studies, or "Rangaku". In 1837, he published the first volume of his Introduction to Chemistry (舎密開宗 Seimi Kaisō), a compilation of scientific books in Dutch, which describes a wide range of scientific knowledge from the West. Most of the Dutch original material appears to be derived from William Henry's 1799 Elements of Experimental Chemistry. In particular, the book contains a very detailed description of the electric battery invented by Volta forty years earlier in 1800. The battery itself was constructed by Udagawa in 1831 and used in experiments, including medical ones, based on a belief that electricity could help cure illnesses.

Udagawa's Science of Chemistry also reports for the first time in details the findings and theories of Lavoisier in Japan. Accordingly, Udagawa made numerous scientific experiments and created new scientific terms, which are still in current use in modern scientific Japanese: e.g., "oxygen" (酸素 sanso), "hydrogen" (水素 suiso), "nitrogen" (窒素 chisso), "carbon" (炭素 tanso), "oxidation" (酸化 sanka), "reduction" (還元 kangen), "saturation" (飽和 hōwa), "dissolution" (溶解 yōkai) and "element" (元素 genso).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Tsuyama Archives of Western Learning　津山洋学資料館

- reference source : tsuyama-yougaku.jp -

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Udagawa Yoan and Coffee

The origin of the Chinese characters for coffee 珈琲

- reference source : nsh-s.com/wp... -

蘭学者で津山藩医の宇田川榕菴
In Okayama there was a school for rangaku 蘭学 Dutch learning of the West.
One of the masters there was 宇田川榕菴 Udagawa Yoan.
He knew the Dutch word ｋｏｆｆｉｅ and introduced the Kanji for it.
There are now sometimes memorial services in a temple, where coffee is offered to the ancestors and the visitors
- but in tea cups of the time.

. Coffee, Kaffee and Haiku .

津山藩主松平家菩提所天崇山泰安寺 Taian-Ji

Offering Coffee at the temple
. 泰安寺 Taian-Ji .

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Mead, Mede in the Edo Period in Japan ミード / 蜂蜜酒　
During a recent research an essay was found in the Archives of Western Learning in the city of Tsuyama in Western Japan. One of the doctors working for the local feudal lord, Yudagawa Yoan (1798-1846), had studied European medicine and even introduced coffee to Japan.
He has written the following report about Mead, which he called MEDE:
Mead is an alcoholic beverage created by fermenting honey with water.
- Read the details here :
. Gabi Greve .

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He also distinguished four different types of onsen 温泉 hot springs
salt, sulfur, alkali and plain hot

榕菴の温泉試説
Yoan wrote about 諸国温泉試説 different types of hot springs when he was 29 years old.
榕菴はまず色や臭いを観察し、自ら飲んで味も確かめます。それからホクトメートル（浮き秤）を使って比重を測定し、薬品や熱を加えてその反応をこと細かに記録しました。
- reference source : tsuyama-yougaku.jp... -

- source : iloveyu.jp/type-of-hot-springs... -

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- Reference - 宇田川榕菴 -
- Reference - Udagawa Yoan -

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TENGU - Yamanokami and taiko drum legends

https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.com/2018/01/yamanokami-taiko-drum-legends.html

Yamanokami taiko drum legends

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and taiko 太鼓 the big drum

The big drum is often used for festival music.
. taiko, oodaiko 大鼓、太鼓、大太鼓 big drum .

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. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

kamikakushi 神かくし mysterious disappearance
If a child did not come home and was nowhere to be found, in former times people thought they have been abducted by a Tengu or by Yamanokami. Villagers went out with bells and drums to search for them. Parents also warn their children not to play hide and seek in the evening any more, in case they may disappear.

............................................................................　Aichi 愛知県
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知多郡 Chita district 美浜町 Mihama

. Tengu sama no isami 天狗様のいさみ flute melody of Tengu .

............................................................................　Kochi 高知県
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幡多郡 Hatta district 大正町 Taisho

taiko 太鼓
In the hamlet of 芳川部落 Hogawa on the other side of the valley they can heard the sound of a big drum at night from about 9 to 10.
They asked a priest for advise. He told them that Yamanokami was angry and that soon something bad would happen to the mountain. They called a special saint to perform rituals of appeasement and the sound of the drum stopped!

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高岡郡 Takaoka district 窪川町 Kubokawa

taiko 太鼓
In a cave called 太鼓堂 Taiko-Do, Drum Hall, the sound of a big drum was heard every month on the 20th day of the old lunar calendar. Wild animals came to play in the water puddles around the cave.
The clever hunters came at night to shoot their pray.

............................................................................　Nagasaki 長崎県

Tengu
When people hear the sound of rinrin like festival flutes and big drums, they say
"Yama no Kami is dancing!"
Others say tengubayashi 天狗ばやし a group of Tengu with festival instruments are passing.

- Two more legends about the Tengubayashi from 茨城県 Ibaraki

多賀郡 Taga district 黒前村 Kurosaki village and 高岡村 Takaoka village
The villgers sometimes hear the Tengubayashi, often from 1 to 2 in the morning.
In Takaoka village there has been a huge landslide on the mountain top, where the Tengu is now venerated.
If it rains for a long time in Takaoka, they say the Tengu is having a festival and beats the big drums.

............................................................................　Niigata 新潟県

Ta no kami 田の神
Before cutting the weeds around the fields, the farmers walk around the fields with bells and big drums to chase away the insects and animals (虫送りの行事 mushi-okuri).
This is the day when Tanokami comes down to the fields, so the farmers take a rest and say prayers in his honor.

............................................................................　Saitama 埼玉県
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秩父郡 Chichibu district 大滝村 Otaki

Yamanokami ga sawagu 山の神が騒ぐ Yamanokami is making noises
Sometimes Yamanokami makes a loud noise with flute and big drums in the early morning hours.

............................................................................　Toyama 富山県

Tengu 天狗
The words "Tengu" and "Yamanokami" are not said directly, people just say アノヒト "ano hito", "that person".
yatsudaikouchi ヤツダイコウチ means the Tengu beats a large drum with eight colors.
If people hear the sound and go to the forest, they are usually lucky to hunt a bear.

Once a man was taking care of a place all by himself when he heard the sound of the big drum from Yamanokami. It sounded like two beating the drum, Yamanokami and a Tengu.
He was quite amused and did not feel lonely any more.
On cloudy days, the drumming can even be heard during lunchtime.

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東砺波郡 Higashi-Tonami district 城端町 Johan

ヤマノバーバノタイコ，Yamanbaaba no taiko and マトギ matogi
If a Tengu beats the big drum or a mujina 狢 badger gets excited and beats his stomach, the villagers call it Yamanbaaba no taiko ヤマノバーバノタイコ, the mountain hag beating the big drum.
If it can be heard in the evening of a spring day, this is the sign of a good harvest in the coming year.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

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sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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EDO - Azabu district

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/05/azabu-district.html

Azabu district

source : jin3.jp/juban/history...
①一の橋 ②二の橋 ③古川 ④善福寺 ⑤仙台坂（仙台藩屋敷） ⑥がま池 ⑦有栖川宮記念公園
⑧一本松 ⑨南山小学校 ⑩毛利家 ⑪六本木 ⑫広尾 ⑬四の橋 ⑭狸穴
麻布十番の歴史 History of Asabu Juban

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Azabu is an area within Minato ward in Tokyo, Japan, built on a marshy area of foothills south of central Tokyo. Its coverage roughly corresponds to that of the former Azabu Ward, presently consisting of nine official districts:
Azabu-Jūban 麻布十番, Azabudai, Azabu-Nagasakachō, Azabu-Mamianachō, Nishi-Azabu, Higashi-Azabu, Minami-Azabu, Moto-Azabu and Roppongi.
It is known as Tokyo's most expensive upscale residential district; many artists, business people, and celebrities reside there.
- History
The name Azabu literally means hemp cloth. Until the early Edo period, the area was agricultural. Archaeological evidence indicates that the area was inhabited as far back as the Jōmon period. The Juban Inari shrine (formerly known as Takechiyo Inari) was constructed in AD 712, the temple of Zenpuku-ji in 824,
and the Hikawa Shrine in 939 (on orders of Minamoto no Tsunemoto).
The area became urbanized in the 17th century,
after Tokugawa Ieyasu established his seat of government in nearby Edo.
Azabu soon became home to the Juban Horse Grounds, Edo's largest horse market.
In 1859, the first United States delegation in Japan was established at Zenpuku-ji.
- source : more in the wikipedia

. Hikawa Jinja shrines 氷川神社 .

A group of 100 Koga ninja members 甲賀百人組 settled in Kanda in Edo, in
Koogamachi 甲賀町（こうかまち） Koga Machi, Koga Village.
This placename was kept until 1933, when it was renamed to
神田駿河台一、三丁目 Kanda Surugadai Ichi - Sanchome.
And Kogaichoo in Azabu 麻布の笄町（こうがいちょう）は「甲賀町 Koga-cho・伊賀町 Iga-cho」was named after the Koga and Iga ninja.
. Surugadai　駿河台 .

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Azabuichibeichoo, Azabuichibei 麻布市兵衛町 Azabu Ichibei town, Azabu Ichibee
Azabu Ichibei machi, azabuitibei
Minato ward, part of Roppongi 1 and 3 sub-district, Roppongi 4 sub-district
港区六本木一丁目の一部、六本木三丁目の一部、六本木四丁目

This small district borders on many other small districts in this hilly area and has access via many steep slopes.

Around 1610, it was part of the village 今井村 Imai mura, called 今井台町 Imaidai village.
In 1695, it was named after the village headman, 黒沢市兵衛 Kurozawa Ichibei.
In the beginning of the Edo period, there was a small okabasho 岡場所 red-light district, which was abolished during the Tenpō no kaikaku 天保の改革 Tenpo reform in 1840.
In 1869, part of the temple area of 麻布陽泉寺 Azabu Yozen-Ji was added and the name changed to 麻布市兵衛町 Azabu Ichibei, including the first and second sub-district, 麻布市兵衛町一丁目 and 麻布市兵衛町二丁目.
There were some rich estates in the first district, while the second district housed the townspeople and their shops.
During WWII most of the sub-districts was lost in flames, including the official 偏奇館 Henki-Kan, where 永井荷風 Nagai Kafu had lived.

- quote -
Kafu Nagai (1879 - 1959). Writer.
..... His Association with Minato City
Lived in seclusion by naming his painted house Henki-kan.
Nagai lived in a two-story timber house in Azabu Ichibei-cho (now 1-chome Roppongi) in 1920 and named the house "Henki-kan" because it was painted. He started his life of seclusion in this Western-style house with an extended kitchen and no shoji screens, sliding paper doors, or tatami mats.
The Great Tokyo Earthquake occurred in 1923, but the house fortunately received no fire damage, only a few fallen roof tiles.
..... In 1945, however, the house was destroyed in the Great Air Raids of Tokyo, and he lost his books, except for his diary and a briefcase containing his rough draft of a novel. Twenty?six years of his time in Henki-kan had ended, and until his death in 1959 at the age of 79, he never returned to Minato Ward. .....
- source : lib.city.minato.tokyo.jp/yukari... -

. Kafu the Scribbler, by Edward Seidensticker .

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Nadare-zaka なだれ坂　"Landslide slope"
The name of this slope has been written using different kanji, but it received its name because there had been a landslide.
It was also known as Kokoku(-ji)-zaka , Sachikuni-Zak and Ichibei-zaka.
Between 3-2 and 3-4 Roppongi
- source : minato-ala.net... -

- quote -
Ichimi-zaka 市三坂 "Ichi-Mi slope"
A new slope road opened around the year Meiji 20. It connected two sub-districts:
Ichibei town named after the village headman and 三河台町 Mikawadai-machi where the 松平三河守忠直 Matsudaira, Govenor of Mikawa, Tadanao's residence stood,
used the first kanji character from each town to make this road's name.
- source : ractive-roppongi.com... -

- quote -
Princess Kazu (和宮親子内親王 Kazu-no-miya Chikako naishinnō
(1846 - 1877)
... A series of tragedies hit Princess Kazu between 1865 and 1867. Her mother, who followed her to Edo to keep her company, died on 10 August 1865, followed by her husband shōgun Iemochi, who died in Osaka while commanding the Chōshū Expedition on 20 July 1866. She became a Buddhist nun, receiving the title of Seikan'in-no-miya (静寛院宮)[1] on 9 December 1866, but just a few weeks later her brother Emperor Komei would also pass away. ...
Seikan'in arrived in Tokyo in 1874 and she took up residence in the home of Katsu Kaishū, in the mansion in Azabu ichibei-cho.
She remained there until her death in 1877 of beriberi, at the young age of 31. Her grave is at Zōjō-ji, in Minato, Tokyo.
- source : wiki/Princess_Kazu... -

- quote -
The Strange Tale of Oyuki, 1993 film
Faced with a bout of ill health, global traveller, western-educated novelist Kafu Nagai (1879-1959) began to chronicle sundry episodes in his life, as well as thoughts and observations of contemporary Japanese society, in a series of intimate journals that would eventually span the early half of 20th century. Based on A Strange Tale from East of the River, Nagai's semi-autobiographical novella, the events presented in The Strange Tale of Oyuki begins in 1920, as a middle-aged Nagai (Masahiko Tsugawa) having recently moved into a new residence in Ichibei in the Azabu district, attempts to impress his doting mother (Haruko Sugimura) – the only relative who accepts his excessive and disreputable lifestyle – by painting the house in time for her arrival.
- source : filmref.com/2017... -

. Persons and People of Edo - Personen .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　麻布市兵衛町 Azabu Ichibei

kitsune 狐 the fox
In June 1752, the maid servant of a villager of Azabu Ichibei village was suddenly possessed by a fox. They tried all kinds of exorcism, but nothing helped.
The fox seemed to live in 松平紀伊守様屋敷 the estate of Matsudaira, Governor of Mikawa.
His daughter was from the Inari shrine of 石川近江守様屋敷の稲荷, his wife from the Inari shrine of 山王町の稲荷.
So they built a small Inari shrine to honor the fox family and prayed for the protection from fires.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

冬空や麻布の坂の上りおり
fuyuzora ya Azabu no saka no agari-ori

this winter sky -
I walk up the slope
in Azabu

永井荷風 Nagai Kafu

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昔麻布大山道の桔梗かな
野村喜舟 Nomura Kishu (1886 - 1983)

. kikyoo 桔梗 Platycodon grandiflorus .
- - kigo for autumn - -

石焼藷に雪降る麻布中之橋
Azabu Naka no Hashi

有働亨 Udo Toru (1920 - 2010)

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #edoazabu #azabu #azabujuban - - - -
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EDO - Kunitachi district Yaho

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2018/04/kunitachi-yaho-yabo.html

Kunitachi Yaho Yabo

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .
- - - - - for Yaho, see below
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Kunitachi town 国立市

- quote
Kunitachi (国立市 Kunitachi-shi)
is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 February 2016, the city had an estimated population of 75,867, and a population density of 9,310 persons per km². Its total area is 8.15 square kilometres (3.15 sq mi).
Kunitachi is located in the Musashino Terrace of central Tokyo Metropolis. Kunitachi is known for its broad main avenue, Daigaku Dori (University Avenue). This cherry-tree-lined boulevard stretches from Kunitachi Station on the Chūō Main Line toward the banks of the Tama River.
- - - - - History
Kunitachi lies along the historical Kōshū Kaidō, a route that connected Edo with Kofu in the province of Kai (present-day Yamanashi Prefecture).
The modern villages of Yaho, 青柳村 Aoyagi and 石田村 Ishida were created within Tama District of Kanagawa Prefecture during the establishment of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889. The district was transferred from Kanagawa to Tokyo in 1893.
The three villages were merged to form Kunitachi town in 1951. Kunitachi was elevated to city status on January 1, 1967.
- source : wikipedia

- reference source : city.kunitachi.tokyo.jp... -

. Kōshū Kaidō 甲州街道 Koshu Kaido Highway .

. Musashi no Kuni 武蔵国 Musashi Province .

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Yaho district 谷保（やほ）　/ （やぼ Yabo)
With the sub-districts 大字谷保 Daigaku Yaho, 谷保六丁目, 谷保七丁目 Yaho 6 and 7

In the 保谷地区 Hoya region of South-Eastern Tokyo there was a bad harvest for a long time and the farmers suffered a lot. So they moved on to this area trying to cultivate new fields. In order not to forget their old home, Hoya, they named the new area Yabo, bus soon changed it to Yaho.
yabo can also be spelled 野暮 and means boorishness, so they changed the reading.
The local shrine is still often called Yabo Tenmangu.

谷保天満宮 Shrine Yabo Tenmangu
Kunitachi, Yaho, 5209

Yabo Tenman-gū claims to be the oldest Shinto shrine in the Kantō region dedicated to Tenjin, the deified Sugawara no Michizane, having been built in 903 AD by Michizane's third son.
- source : wikipedia -

- quote -
The history of Kunitachi
has its origin in the time when people began to live around Yabo Tenmangu.
A lot of ancient stone artifacts and potteries were found and ancient tombs and shell mounds remain there. Geologically Kunitachi is bordered on the south by Fuchu and on the north by Kokubunji. There was an ancient provincial government office in the Fuchu area. In Kokubunji, there is a ruin of a temple, which is one of the temples constructed by the request of Emperor Shomu in 741. From the names of the cities Fuchu and Kokubunji; "fu" meaning the center of politics and "ji" a temple, we can easily assume that people have started to live in the area, Musashi no Kuni, from a long time ago and Kunitachi has been one of the main regions.
Yabo Tenmangu
is a venerable Shinto shrine dedicated to SUGAWARA Michizane . In about five minutes' walk from JR Yaho station, you come to see a big shrine gate. Yabo Tenmangu is the oldest among three well-known shrines, Yushima, Kameido, and Yabo Tenmangu. Soon after SUGAWARA Michizane (the god of wisdom) was exiled to Dazaifu, his third son SUGAWARA Michitake was said to be also exiled and lived in Yabo . When his father died, he enshrined a wooden figure of his father in Tenjinjima near Fuchu city in 903, and that is the origin of Yabo Tenmangu, according to the Tenmangu. The ancestors of Michitake began to use a family name Tsunotono. In the Kamakura period, Saburou Tamemori Tsunotono, who was a disciple of Honen (a founder of Jodo-shu), entered the priesthood and became the priest of Yabo Tenmangu. The shrine building was later moved to the present location.
You may wonder
why the son of SUGAWARA Michizane had to be sent to Yabo. That might be because the east part of Japan, where Yabo is located, then was less advanced compared to the western part. Among relatively insignificant regions of the east Japan, Musashi no Kuni was fairly developed and Yabo was the center there.
Yabo Tenmangu
is a precious historical shrine as is described above. The long history of the shrine, more than one thousand years, creates the serene and divine atmosphere around the area, contrasting the bustling of towns in the north of Kunitachi city. There are some festivals hold throughout a year and many people come to join them. For example, about one hundred thousand people pay a visit to the shrine on a new year's day, after listening to seventy seven times of taiko drumming in a row at midnight. Every year in Kunitachi city, Yabo Tenmangu's taiko sound signals the beginning of a new year. People walk into the shrine to pray for the peace of the new year. It's a nice place to stroll around seasonally. You may run into some sweet bantams, which use the shrine as their home. The solemn building of the shrine never fails to captivate your heart.
Yabo was part of Fuchu
until the beginning of the Edo period and agricultural area for people to live in. There were only few affluent farmers who owned the lands and the rest were mostly peasants who worked for them. Now we introduce some seasonal practices and festivals held at home. They have been handed down to generations in Yabo and are all vital parts of the life in Yabo.
- Festivals
1. Cocoon ball decoration on tree (on January 10)
2. Making diamond shaped mochi (on March 3)
3. Boy's day (on May 5)
4. Summer/Fall festivals, Shishimai (Lion dance) and Buddhist lantern festival (August 25 ～September 25)
5. Full moon night festival (on September 15)
6. Okagarabi (on November 3) fire festival
7. Making Shimenawa (on December 20)
We had a glimpse of some annual events and festivals in Yaho area. Now take a look at how Yaho, the old and historical village of farmers, turned into Kunitachi, a modern town with universities. It was the end of the Edo era and Japan was about to go through dramatic changes in many aspects of our lives in the Meiji Restoration.
- more on this page
- source : kunitachikagen.com...-

. Sugawara Michizane　菅原道真 (845 - 903) .

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- - - To join me on facebook, click the image !

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. Edo bakufu 江戸幕府 The Edo Government .

. Famous Places and Powerspots of Edo　江戸の名所 .

. Doing Business in Edo - 商売　- Introduction .

. shokunin 職人 craftsman, craftsmen, artisan, Handwerker .

. senryu, senryū 川柳　Senryu poems in Edo .

. Japanese Architecture - Interior Design - The Japanese Home .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - - - #kunitachi #yaho - - - -
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30 May 2018

HEIAN - Sennin Kisen Hoshi

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2018/03/sennin-kisen-hoshi.html

Sennin Kisen Hoshi

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .
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Kisen Hooshi 窺詮法師 Kisen Hoshi
窺詮仙人

He is Nr. 12 of
. 日本の仙人37人 - The 37 Immortals of Japan .

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Kisen 喜撰 / 喜撰法師 Kisen Hoshi

One of the Rokkasen 六歌仙 Six Immortal Waka Poets.

- quote -
Kisen (喜撰) also known as Kisen Hōshi (喜撰法師)
was an early Heian period Buddhist monk (僧 sō) and poet.
Little is known about his life other than that he lived in Ujiyama.

When Ki no Tsurayuki wrote the Japanese preface (仮名序 kanajo) of the Kokinshū, he selected Kisen as one of the six poetic sages (六歌仙 rokkasen) whose work was to be considered as superior. Tsurayuki says the following to comment on Kisen's work.

ことばかすかにして始め終りたしかならず
kotoba kasuka ni shite hajime wohari tashikanarazu.
The use of words is a delicate thing—from start to end it does not express the thing that actually is.

いはば、秋の月を見るに、暁の雲にあへるがごとし
ihaba, aki no tsuki wo miruni, akatsuki no kumo ni aheru ga gotoshi.
That is to say, to speak of the autumn moon, one compares it to the clouds at dawn.

Kisen
is sometimes said to be the author of the poetry collection waka sakushiki (倭歌作式) (also known as the kisen-shiki (喜撰式)), but it is probably apocryphal and created well after the end of the Heian period.

The following two eika (詠歌) of Kisen are the only poems that can be confidently traced back to him.

わが庵は都の辰巳しかぞすむ世を宇治山と人はいふなり
waga iho ha miyako no tatsumi shika zo sumu yo wo ujiyama to hito ha ifu nari
Loosely:
People say that I am a secluded hermit living in Ujiyama, but my hermitage is just to the southeast of the capital!
(Kokinshū 18:983; also in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu)

木の間より見ゆるは谷の蛍かもいさりに海人の海へ行くかも
ki no ma yori miyuru ha tani no hotaru kamo isari ni ama no umi he yuku kamo
Loosely:
What I see through the trees seems to be the fireflies (蛍 hotaru) from the valley—or is that the luring fires (漁火 isaribi) of the fishermen as they head to the sea?
(Gyokuyōshū 400)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

source : gregorius.jp/presentation...

Kisenyama 喜撰山 Mount Kisen - 91 m high
in Kyoto, UJi 京都府宇治市池尾南組
and
喜撰山ダム Kisenyama dam
a rockfill hydroelectric dam finished in 1970.

source : yahoo.co.jp/image...

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The Rokkasen (六歌仙, "six poetry immortals") are six Japanese poets of the mid-ninth century who were named by Ki no Tsurayuki in the kana and mana prefaces to the poetry anthology Kokin wakashū (c. 905–14) as notable poets of the generation before its compilers.
... There are numerous phrases that show the conceptualization of these six as a cohesive group, but the term "Rokkasen" first appeared in an early Kamakura-period commentary on Kokin wakashū,
titled Sanryūshō 三流抄.

僧正遍昭 Sōjō Henjō, 17 poems
在原業平 Ariwara no Narihira, 30 poems
文屋康秀 Funya no Yasuhide, 1 poem
喜撰法師 Kisen Hōshi, 1 poem
小野小町 Ono no Komachi, 18 poems
大友黒主 Ōtomo no Kuronushi, 3 poems

The concept of the rokkasen had a lasting legacy on poetic scholarship both in the pre-modern and modern periods....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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喜撰法師蛍の歌も詠まれけり
Kisen Hoshi hotaru no uta mo yomarekeri

Kisen Hoshi
has also written a poem
about fireflies . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

山口素堂 Yamaguchi Sodo

. kigo - hotaru 蛍 firefly .

鮎汲や喜撰が嶽に雲かゝる
高井几董

喜撰山入道雲の頭出て Kisenyama
辻田克巳

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. sennin 天狗と仙人伝説 Legends about Tengu and Immortals .

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #senninkisen #kisenhoshi
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29 May 2018

TENGU - Fukuoka legends

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.jp/2017/10/tengu-legends-08-fukuoka.html

Tengu legends 08 Fukuoka

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List.
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Tengu 天狗と伝説 - 福岡県 Legends about Tengu in Fukuoka
- - - see below for
Tengu-daoshi 天狗倒し "Tengu knocking down trees"

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .
- Introduction -

. Join the Tengu friends on Facebook .

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英彦山 Mount Hikosan is often called
Tengu masho 天狗魔所 "Monster Place of the Tengu"

. Buzenboo, Buzenbō 豊前坊 Buzenbo Tengu .
彦山豊前坊 - Hikozan Buzenbo

source : nichibun.ac.jp/YoukaiGazou
一魁齋芳年（月岡芳年）

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Kichigo 吉吾 sat under a tree and asked the Tengu what he feared most.
The answer was いけが（茨 ibara）wild roses .
When the Tengu asked Kichigo what he feared most, Kichigo said
botamochi 牡丹餅 "Peony Cakes".
A few days later when the Tengu was asleep, Kichigo placed a lot of wild roses around his bed. As a revenge, the Tengu now threw many peony cakes down the roof of Kichigo's house. Kichigo picked them up and ate them all.

. botamochi 牡丹餅 "Peony Cakes" .
round rice cakes covered with sweet bean paste

............................................................................... Yame district 八女郡
.......................................................................
星野村 Hoshino 　

Tengu-daoshi 天狗倒し "Tengu knocking down trees"
Once a hunter spent the night deep in the mountains and heared the sound of falling trees all night.
Next morning when he went to check the place, there was nothing at all.

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Tengu-daoshi, Tengu daoshi 天狗倒し / テングダオシ "Tengu knocking down trees"

The sound of cutting down trees with a saw or ax is heard at night, but next morning nothing is to be seen.
This refers to strange noises in a lonely forest.

This phenomenon of a strange sound is especially known in 岐阜県 Gifu, 福井県 Fukui, 福島県 Fukushima, 茨城県 Ibaragi、石川県 Ishikawa and 埼玉県 Saitama.

天狗なめし / テングナメシ Tengu nameshi （Iwate）
空木返し / ソラキダオシ sora kikaeshi（Fukushima - Kagoshima ）
空木倒し sora kidaoshi （Kagoshima）
カラキガエシ kara kigaeshi (Fukushima)
天クヅシ ten kuzushi（ Miyazaki）
杖突（つえつき） tsuetsuki, tsue tsuki (Tosa)

- quote -
Tengu-daoshi and other strange events in the mountains is often considered to be the deeds of mountain gods or tengu in the eastern half of Japan, but in the western half they are considered to be the deeds of the Kappa yamawaro.
Phenomena such as the tengu-daoshi (sounds such as that of a large tree falling) are considered to be done by the yamawaro themselves, and in the Kumamoto Prefecture, other than stories where they would make falling tree or falling rock noises, there are also stories where they would imitate human songs and where they make sounds imitating mokko (a tool made of bamboo or woven grass for carrying heavy loads) dropping dirt or even the explosion sounds of dynamite.
However, the tengu does not play no role at all in those regions, because in some parts, such as the Oguni in Kuamoto Prefecture, there are no yamawaro legends and they are instead considered to be the deeds of tengu.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- quote -
天狗倒し（てんぐだおし）Tengudaoshi
天狗の仕業とされる古杣と同様の怪異[8]。同様に、山中を歩いていると、大木を切るような音が聞こえ、続いて地響きと共に大樹の倒れる音がするが、その音がした方へ行ってみても、やはり木が切られた痕跡はないというものである[8][9]。突風が吹いたような轟音が急に起こることを、天狗が突然降りてくるものとして天狗倒しということもあり、日本三大修験道の山の一つとされる英彦山で起きることがよく知られている[10]。長野県南佐久郡北相木村では、天狗倒しは冬に多かったという[11]。
埼玉県飯能市の嶬峠の裏の椚平（くぬぎだいら）や久通、栃尾谷の上の四本松と呼ばれる山などの山小屋で泊まっていると、外で木を伐ったり、それがドカンと倒れる音が盛んにするが、朝になってみると小屋の周りにはどこにも木が倒れていず「天狗倒し」と人は呼んだという。奈良県吉野郡天川村でも、昔はよく山でゴチゴチと木を伐る音がした。ある月の良い晩に外へ出てみると、ゴチゴチと木を伐る音がしてやがてカンカンと木に楔を打つ音がし、ついで木の倒れる音がした。木の倒れるのも月夜だからよく見えたが、妙なことがあるものだと翌日見に行くと、何もなかったという[12]。
山梨県東八代郡芦川村（現・笛吹市）の中芦川部落では、天狗倒しは山の神の仕業といわれる[13]。栃木県安蘇郡田沼町（現・佐野市）では、山仕事の合間に仮眠をとる前に「○○時になったら起こして下さい」と山の神にお願いしておくと、その時刻に山の神が天狗倒しによって目覚めさせてくれるといわれる[14]。
狐狸の仕業ともいわれ、国東半島ではタヌキが尻尾で木を叩いて木が倒れる音を起こして人を騙すものを天狗倒しという[15]。福島県福島市飯坂地区での天狗倒しはタヌキのほかにキツネの仕業ともいわれ、燃えさしをぶつければ消えるといわれる[16]。
民俗学者・桜井徳太郎は、人里と離れた山中を歩くことによる不安な心理から、このような山中の音の怪異の伝承が生まれたものとする説を述べている[9]。
空木返し（そらきがえし）sora kigaeshi
鹿児島県肝属郡百引村（現・鹿屋市）や大分県に伝わる怪異[17][15]。同様に、山中で大木の倒れる音がするが、その音がした方へ行ってみても、やはり木が切られた痕跡はないというものである[17]。
天狗倒し同様に天狗の仕業とされるほか、キツネやタヌキの仕業とする地方もあり、大分での空木返しはタヌキが後足で石を蹴って人を脅かすものという[15]。
空木倒し（からきだおし）kara kigaeshi
鹿児島県東部などでいう古杣と同様の怪異[18]。新潟県岩船郡三面村（現・村上市）でいう空木倒しはムジナによる悪戯といわれ、夜中の山中から斧で大木を切る音が聞こえ、やがて木が倒れる音が響くが、木が地面に落ちた音は聞こえないという[19]。福島県での空木倒しは天狗倒しと同様、深山の幽谷に棲む天狗が起こすものといわれる[20]。
杖突（つえつき）tsuetsuki
土佐民俗学会発行による『近世土佐妖怪資料』に「杖突古杣と云事」として古杣と共に記述のある土佐の怪異。土佐郡蓮池村（現・高知市）で夜分に何者かが杖を突くような音を立てて通るといい、これに遭うと死んでしまうといわれる。
furusoma 古杣 Yokai "old forest worker"
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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............................................................................... Fukushima 福島県

kara kigaeshi カラキガエシ / 狐，狸 Fox and Badger
A forest worker stayed at a hut in the mountains. He heared the sound of foxes and badgers kicking down trees and even Tengu doing this.
He went out with a light in hand and on the spot all the spook stopped.

............................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県
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郡上郡 Kujo

. Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain and Tengu 天狗 .

............................................................................... Ibaraki 茨城県
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久慈郡 Kuji district 中里村 Nakasato mura / 小里村 Osato mura

A forest worker stayed at a hut in the mountains. He heard the sound of a saw cutting trees, コンツ、コンツ kontsu kontsu kontsu, like an echo in the valley.
It was really a strange experience.
On rainy and cloudy nights at the foot of 三鈷室山 Mount Sankomuro san (863 m), the sound of felling a tree can be heard three times: バカン、バカン、バカン bakan bakan bakan.

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久慈郡 Kuji district 賀美村 Kami mura

At night, at the foot of a swamp of 立割山 Mount Tatewariyama (767 m), a hunter's dog suddenly sat down. From the far end of the swamp the sound of パカーン bakaaan was heard, like soomwan using an ax to fell a tree a few times. Then a very strong wind begun to blow.

............................................................................... Iwate 岩手県
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上閉伊郡 Kami-Hei district

tengu nameshi テングナメシ
The sound of cutting trees and trees falling down could be heard all night. But next morning they were all standing as before.

............................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県

kikariboo 木伐り坊 Kikari-Bo Tengu
If forest workers spent a night in a hut or a cave, they hear the sound of falling trees reveberating in the forest. Next morning nothing is to be seen.
This is called Tengu daoshi, 空木倒し sora kidaoshi or Kikair-Bo.

sora kigaeshi 空木倒し
Related to the tales about 海姫 Umihime and 磯女 Iso-Onna, the female Yokai from the beaches.
Around the 5th lunar month, if fishermen go out on a night with strong fog, they hear the sound of a boulder falling in the sea. They also hear the sound of trees falling or Tengu throwing stones.

. Tengu tsubute 天狗つぶて / 天狗礫 "Tengu throwing stones" .

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iso onna 磯女，海姫様 umihime sama
These tales are told by fishermen, who have to go out in the fifth lunar month, when there is fog on the sea.

長崎県 Nagasaki 小値賀町 Ojika
Iso-Onna is another name for Umi-Hime, princess of the sea. She is a Yokai of the souls of drowned people.
They come to the beach on windless nights and ask the captain of a boat to bring back the soul of a drowned person.
They are especially known in Kyushu.
磯女と海姫様は同じもの。正体は水死者。凪の日に女の姿で出て、海の中にある魂を陸に帰してくれるよう、船頭に頼む。

磯女 10 to explore
ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/磯女 - 妖怪
yokai.com/isoonna/ - Iso Onna

............................................................................... Nagano 長野県
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南佐久郡 Minami-Saku district 北相木村 Kita-Aiki

Especially in winter, villagers hear the sound of trees being cut down and boulders falling from the slopes.

............................................................................... Oita 大分県

tanuki 狸 badger
The sound of trees being felled is called Tengu daoshi, but on the 国東半島 Kunisaki Peninsula people say it is a badger with his long tail, banging on trees trying to fool people.

............................................................................... Okayama 岡山県

. Tengu no tooorimichi 天狗の通り道 / テングノトオリミチ road where Tengu pass .
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北房町 Hokubo // 真庭郡 Maniwa district

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When 山崎助四郎 Yamasaki Sukeshiro was still a young man, he used to be a seko 勢子 helper of the local hunters. Once they passed cave in the mountain, there was a sudden sound all over the place. The surroundings became dark and they experienced a "Tengu knocking down trees". They all huddled down and covered the heads with their arms until the noise had stopped.
Another hunter went out in the early morning when the kiji 雉 pheasants come out. While he was waiting in the mountain forest, there was a noise of "Tengu knocking down trees". He huddled down and fired his gun in great fear. There was a sudden silence. When it became light enough he went around seraching and found a kamo 鴨 duck shot dead. Now he knew that it was not the Tengu, but a flock of ducks that had made the noise.

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苫田郡 Tomata district 富村 Tomison

. Tenguiwa, Tengu-Iwa 天狗岩 Tengu Iwa boulder .

............................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県

. Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain and Tengu 天狗 .
芦川村 Ashigawa mura

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

天狗倒し
Osaragi Jirō 大佛次郎（おさらぎじろう) Osaragi Jiro (1897 - 1973 Daibutsu Jiro)

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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List.

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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