SHRINES - funadama funatama boat deity

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. Shinto Shrines (jinja　神社) - Introduction .
. kami　神　Shinto deities .
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funadama 船玉 / 船霊 / 船魂 guardian deity of a boat
funadama san 船玉さん / フナダマサン / funatama フナタマ



the Goddess of the ocean, widely worshipped by Japanese fishermen. Her shrines are niches made in the masts of ships where many items are kept. She grants good catches!
Suijin, a water Goddess, often has shrines at lakes, ponds, springs and wells. She is sometimes said to take the form of fish or large, sometimes white, snakes. Women play a key role in her worship and a few large shrines (Suitengu in Tokyo, for example) are primarily focused on helping pregnant women deliver safely.

In the original Japanese Shinto Religion, there are many versions of a God of Water, which shows how important water is to a rice planting agricultural society.

Here are just a few, this will be subject to further checking.

市杵嶋姫神　いちきしまひめのかみ Ichiki Shima Hime no Kami
闇淤加美神　くらおかみのかみ。水の神・龍神様。Kurao Kami no Kami, Kura Okami Dragon Deity
高淤加美神　たかおかみのかみ。水の神・龍神様。Takao Kami no Kami, Dragon Deity (淤加美神 Okami no Kami)
宗像の神　むなかたのかみ。海上交通の神様。水の神様。Munakata no Kami
罔象女神　みづはのめのかみ。水を司る神。雨乞いの神。Mizuha no Me no Kami
http://www.bfortune.net/spirit/zinzya/kami/
source to read : (Records of Ancient Matters)


. Mizuhanome 水速女命 Female Deity of Water .

. Munakata no Kami 宗像の神 - The Munakata Shinto Belief .
Shrine Munakata Taisha (宗像大社), Fukuoka
Ichikishima Hime-no-Kami (市杵島姫神)

. Suijin sama 水神様 Mizu no Kamisama 水の神様 .

. Ryuujin 龍神, 竜神 Ryujin, the Dragon God .




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"Sea Theologies: Elements for a Conceptualization of Maritime Religiosity in Japan"
Fabio Rambelli
A glaring blind-spot in Japanese religious studies is the lack of attention dedicated to conceptual (and theological) elements in sea-based beliefs and practices. As a consequence, we know very little about the theology of the sea and sea deities dwelling in the abyss. This talk will focus on three different aspects of sea-related cults: the role of the sea in the Nakatomi no harae great purification ritual, the status of treasure ships (takarabune), and the nature of boat spirits (funadama). These three elements are normally treated separately, and are not explored in their theological and philosophical implications, but the talk will show that, when combined, they offer a unique perspective on Japanese maritime religiosity as it was practiced and imagined by different agents and groups: fishing communities (as in the case of funadama), ritual specialists and intellectuals (in the commentaries on the Nakatomi no harae), and larger communities (as in the images of takarabune associated with widespread cults of the seven gods of good fortune or shichifukujin). It will be argued that these three elements function as semiotic shifters−representations and agents of change, transformation, and movement, all features of maritime religiosity.
- - - - - Lecture in Kyoto, May 30, 2017
- source : zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/institute ... -


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funadama sama 船霊さま amulets for Funadama
funadama 船霊は「船玉、船魂」



The one's from Chiba are top left.
Top right are from Shizuoka, bottom left from Wakayama (mamoribina 守り雛), bottom right from Okayama.

They are a pair of hina dolls made from paper.
They are an amulet to protect the boatsmen.

. Folk Toys from Chiba .


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. Funadama Jinja 船魂神社 - Hakodate, Hokkaido
and 波分不動明王　Namiwake Fudo Myo-O　

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Funadama Jinja 船玉神社
神奈川県藤沢市大鋸 / Daigiri, Fujisawa, Kanagawa

- - - - - Deity in residence - - - - -
弟橘姫命 Oto Tachibanahime no Mikoto

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shuin　朱印 stamp


omamori お守り　amulets
諸願成就、水難除け、海上・交通安全、旅行安全 for safety at sea and on the road, and when traveling

The main festival is on May 15.

- - - - - HP of the Shrine
- source : buccyake-kojiki.com/archives -

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船玉神社 Funatama Jinja
大阪府大阪市住吉区住吉 Osaka, Sumiyoshi ward



- - - - - Deities in residence - - - - -
猿田彦神 Sarutahiko
天鳥船神 Amenotorifune no Kami (鳥之石楠船神 Torinoiwa Kusufune no Kami)

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shuin　朱印 stamp


- - - - - HP of the Shrine
- reference source : kamnavi.jp/en/settu/funatama... -

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Funadamaguu 船玉宮 Funadama Gu
福井県吉崎御坊 Fukui Yoshizaki Gobo
Yoshizaki-gobō was a temple in the town of Arawashi, Sakai District.
It is best known for its connection to Rennyo, the founder of the Ikkō sect of Buddhism.



As a protector deity, it has various names from Shinto and Buddhist background:
舟玉神 Funadama Shin /船玉宮 Funadama Gu / 船玉明神 Funadama Myojin / 船玉権現 Funadama Gongen
船玉菩薩 Funadama Bosatsu

「日本では船乗りたちの間で、古くから船の霊魂を祀る船玉信仰があり、江戸時代より船玉を具象化した人形・髪の毛賽・古銭等を船体に埋め込む造船儀礼が行われた。これと並んで船玉を神格化し舟玉神・船玉宮・船玉明神・船玉権現・船玉菩薩等と称して船の守護神、海上安全の海神として祀る信仰も顕著になったが、媽祖をこの舟玉神にあてようとする認識が当時の日本には存在した。
中略、越前では福井市近郊に天妃媽祖観世音菩薩を本尊とする補陀洛山普門寺があり、１７世紀末に長崎から招来したという天妃観音像が現存する」
- reference source : Kazuo on facebok -


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Funadama matsuri 船玉祭 / 船玉まつり Festivals for Funadama
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


. Funadama matsuri 船玉祭 Festival of the Ship's Treasures
Maso Festival 媽祖祭 - Soofukuji 崇福寺 Temple Sofuku-Ji, Nagasaki


Hoodoosan Jinja 宝登山神社 Hodosan Jinja in Saitama, August 15.
This boat festival at Nagatoro 長瀞 dates back to the Tokugawa period. Travelers from Chichibu used to raft down to Edo and prayed at the shrine for safe passage along the Arakawa river.


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Funadama kofun 船玉古墳 Funatama burial mound
Ibaraki, Chikusei



鬼怒川の左岸の河岸段丘上に立地し、現況は、墳丘上に船玉神社が鎮座しています。この神社の参道、石段脇に横穴式石室が南面して開口しています。
横穴式石室は、羨道(せんどう)部、前室(ぜんしつ)、玄室(げんしつ)からなり、羨道部から玄室までの全長は約11.5mを測ります。石材は、雲母片岩の板石で、県下でも最大規模の巨石が用いられています。
- reference source : city.chikusei.lg.jp... -


. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .

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. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .


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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

Funadama 船魂
The Funadama is an incarnation of 十一面観音 Juichimen Kannon with 11 Heads.
People put some femail hair in the box, two dice for the 双六 Sugoroku game and 45 coins of 大観通宝 Daikan Tsuho. The box is fastened under 帆柱 the main sail supporting mast.
The dice have to be placed carefully: 1 up, 6 down and 2 facing the inside of the boat.

. sugoroku 双六 Sugoroku board game .

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. Funadama and Umibozu 海坊主 legends .


.......................................................................　Hiroshima 広島県

Funadama Sama 船魂様
The female Funadama Sama does not like just one woman in a boat. If a woman has to use it by herself, she usually keeps a doll to appease the Deity.
The box is fastened under the main sail supporting mast, see above.


Funatama 船霊
This Funatama likes gambling, so eight coins and a borad of the game 双六 Sugoroku are seen as its 神体 Divine Representation.
It does not like kuchinawa くちなわ serpents. Before something bad happens or sometimes a few days before that, it makes the sound チリンチリン chirin-chirin to announce the event.


.......................................................................　Hokkaido 北海道
博知石町

bakuchi ishi 博知石 gambling stones
道路側にある岩の洞窟には博知石という石がある。この付近で難破する船が多かったので船魂様を勧請しようとして、石工の心得のある猟師の徳蔵に洞穴を掘るように頼んだが、勧請の前夜にここで猟師が博打をした。徳蔵は洞窟を冒涜されたことに憤慨し、洞窟の中で絶食して死んでしまった。この洞窟は不思議なことに年々地下に埋没していくのだという。


.......................................................................　Kochi 高知県
宿毛市

船魂様 Funadama Sama
Funatade 船たで / 船タデ is a process of smoking out the bottom of a boat to make it stronger against rotting in the the sea water.
During this process, the Funadama Sama must be taken out.


- reference source : airnet.ne.jp/sakura/blocks_menu/conjyaku_06/bezaisen... -


. a legend from Ehime 愛媛県 about funatade 船たで .


.......................................................................　Saga 佐賀県

Funatama no saezuri 船魂のサエズリ
When Funatama can be heard making a sound チュチュチュ chuchuchu it is a bad foreboding. The sound moves from the front to the stern. This sound is also called
"the twittering of the Funatama" 船魂さんのサエサス saesazu, 船魂さんがナカス Funatama san ga nakasu".


.......................................................................　Shimane　島根県

Funadama San 船魂さん
If Funadama is in a good moot, a sound like リリン、リリン ririn ririn can be heard from the rudder.

Funatama 舟魂
In bad weather, when the boat is about to sink, Funatama walks around with the sound キョロキョロ kyoro-kyoro.
The captain then has to wash his face with salt water and grip the oar really strong.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
19 船玉 (00)
56 船霊 (00)
69 フナダマ (00)
- OK - フナタマ - 船魂 -

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船霊の白き波立ち十二月
funadama no shiroki namidatchi juunigatsu

the white waves
of the Funadama godess -
this december

Kawamura Sachiko 川村祥子

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- #funadama #funatama -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 9/24/2017 09:29:00 am

PERSON - Kajiwara Kagesue

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Kajiwara Kagesue 梶原景季
梶原源太景季 Kajiwara Genta Kagesue
(1162 - February 6, 1200)



also known as Kajiwara Kagetoki, was a samurai in service to the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War of Japan's late Heian period.

The Heike monogatari records an anecdote about a friendly competition with Sasaki Takatsuna prior to the second battle of Uji.
Mounted on Yoritomo's black horse, Surusumi, he races Takatsuna across the River Uji.



Kagesue met death in Suruga at the hands of men loyal to Minamoto no Yoriie.

- More in the WIKIPEDIA !



CLICK for more photos !

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- quote -
Kajiwara Kagesue 梶原景季 / 梶原景時 Kagetoki
(1162 - February 6, 1200),
was a samurai in service to the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War of Japan's late Heian period.
The Heike monogatari records an anecdote about a friendly competition with Sasaki Takatsuna prior to the second battle of Uji. Mounted on Yoritomo's black horse, Surusumi, he races Takatsuna across the River Uji.


Kajiwara Kagesue, Sasaki Takatsuna, and Hatakeyama Shigetada racing to cross the Uji River before the second battle of Uji,
by Utagawa Kuniyoshi.

Kagesue met death in Suruga at the hands of men loyal to Minamoto no Yoriie.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


梶原稲荷神社 Kajiwara Inari Shrine
relocated here in 1320.


- source and more photos : gogohiderin.blog.fc2.com -


Kajiwara Kagetoki 梶原景時 (?1140 ( ?1162) - 1200)
In the village of 八王子村 Hachioji there is a pine named Kajiwara sugi 梶原杉 Kajiwara Pine.
It grew from a walking staff of Kagetoki, who had cut it out at Shrine 鎌倉八幡 Kamakura Hachimangu and planted it in the compound of this village.
The remains are venerated to our day:



- quote -
Kajiwara Kagetoki (梶原 景時, c.1162 – February 6, 1200)
was a spy for Minamoto no Yoritomo in the Genpei War, and a warrior against the Taira. He came to be known for his greed and treachery.
"A prominent eastern warrior", he supplied Yoshitsune with a number of ships after the Battle of Yashima.
Originally from Suruga province,
Kajiwara entered the Genpei War fighting under Oba Kagechika, against the Minamoto.



After the Taira victory at Ishibashiyama in 1181, he was sent to pursue the fleeing Minamoto no Yoritomo. Having discovered him, Kajiwara switched sides, leading his forces in another direction, and turning to Yoritomo's cause.
Three years later,
Kajiwara would lead the forces of Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Yoritomo into battle against their cousin Yoshinaka, and against the Taira.
Attached to Yoshitsune's force,
Kajiwara reported back to Yoritomo on Yoshitsune's actions, in order to satisfy Yoritomo's suspicion and distrust of his brother. In one particular episode related in The Tale of the Heike, Kajiwara suggests, during the Battle of Yashima, that Yoshitsune equip the Minamoto ships with "reverse oars" should they need to retreat quickly. Yoshitsune responds with distaste to Kajiwara's advice, humiliating him by saying such an act would be cowardice. From that point until Yoritomo's death, the resentful Kajiwara did as much as he could to raise tensions between the brothers. His slander led Yoritomo, already suspicious of his younger brother, to eventually accuse Yoshitsune of plotting against the bakufu, which then led to his exile and eventual death.
Even after this,
when the shogunate was successfully and firmly established, Kajiwara still caused tensions at court. He accused Yuki Tomomitsu of plotting against the Shogun Minamoto no Yoriie; a number of members of the court tried to get rid of him, who eventually left for Suruga. The following year (1200), he was defeated and killed in battle along with his son Kagesue.
Kajiwara Heima, a senior retainer of the Aizu domain in the 19th century, claimed descent from Kagetoki. His formal name, Kagetake (景武) shares a character with Kagetoki's name.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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source : sakigake-one.sakura.ne.jp

About 24 cm high. Made by 前刀鍵蔵 Sakito Kagizo
【ひらかな盛衰記】Hirakana Seisuiki
. Inuyama tsuchi ningyo 犬山土人形 clay dolls from Inuyama - Aichi .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

Minamoto no Yoritomo 源頼朝 had given Kajiwara a special horse named 磨墨 Surusumi.
It was also called Baseki 馬石 "the Stone Horse".

................................................................................. Gunma 群馬県

waka no toku 和歌の徳 the virtue of Waka poetry
Waka poetry can move heaven and earth and bring the kishin 鬼神 "Demon Deity" alive.

Once Minamoto no Yoritomo was hunting near Mount Asama, when suddenly a strong rain begun to fall.
His retainer Kajiwara composed a kyoka 狂歌 funny waka poem and very soon the sun came back.

昨日こそ浅間はふらめ今日は又みはらし玉へ白雨の神

. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神 "Oni Deity", "Demon Deity" .


................................................................................. Shizuoka 静岡県

Yoritomo presented Kagesue with the horse 磨墨 Surusumi.
When Kagesue died 駿河の狐崎 in Suruga at Kitsunezaki, the horse ate 笹葉 Kumasasa leaves and died there too.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- Reference - 梶原景季 -
- Reference - Kajiwara Kagesue -

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Posted By Gabi Greve to PERSONS - index - PERSONEN on 9/20/2017 01:23:00 pm

SHRINES - Ebisu Shrine Furubira Hokkaido Tengu

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. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-Index .
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Ebisu Jinja 恵比寿神社 Ebisu Shrine
古平町　Furubira town, 北海道 Hokkaido / 古平郡古平町大字浜町989番地



- - - - - Deity in residence
Kotoshironushi no Kami 事代主神


弘化4年（1847）、古平場所支配人城川長治郎の時、浜町遺跡の丘に恵比須神社を創建し、八重事代主命を奉祀した。明治8年、村社に列せられ、8月20日を例祭日とした。明治29年、恵比須神社を郷社琴平神社の西宮とするため有志5名が発起人となり金300円を募金し、明治30年8月腐朽甚だしかった社殿を改築した。大正14年、浜町1117番地の三山神社を合祀の際、神輿を始め祭具も譲られ、その後例祭時に神輿渡御が行われるようになり、例祭日も9月20日とした。昭和21年、宗教法人となる。昭和43年、境内の稲荷社を合祀し、稲荷社の建物を修理し神輿殿とした。
- reference source : hokkaidojinjacho.jp/data... -

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Tengu no Hiwatari Matsuri 天狗の火渡り Tengu walking through the flames
Festival in September
Also at Kotohira Jinja 琴平神社

猿田彦 Sarutahiko the Grand Tengu parades through the town and then walks through the high flames three times.

火渡りは、朱色装束と天狗の面をかぶった「さるたひこ」の先導で町内をあるきご神体を清める儀式です。大きな音の太鼓と軽快な笛の音が響き渡り、火が付けられると火柱は約３メートルほどの高さになります。さるたひこは火の粉を蹴散らしながら火渡りを計３回行うと、観客から大きな歓声が上がった。続いて獅子舞や奴行列、みこしも火渡りし、祭りは最高潮に達した。近郊の町からたくさんの人が来町する有名なお祭りです。　　　　
- reference source : town.furubira.lg.jp/tourism -

- reference : 古平 北海道 恵比寿神社 -

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source : Matt Alt


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !
- reference - 古平町 天狗の火渡り-
- reference - furubira hokkaido tengu festival -

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Furubira occupies the eastern end of the north coast of the Shakotan Peninsula facing the Japan Sea. The town is largely built around the Furubira River, which runs from the highlands of the Shakotan Peninsula into the Japan Sea.
Furubira was established as one of many Pacific herring fishing settlements in the region at the beginning of the Edo period (1603 – 1868).
Manganese was once mined at the head of the Furubira River; mining ceased in the town in 1984. The mine was located at Inakuraishi.
The Port of Furubira,
located near Cape Maruyama, is an active fishing port. Shrimp, Alaska pollack, and saltwater clams are a mainstay of the economy. The Furubira River provides irrigation for the production of rice, potatoes, and soy beans. Beef, pork, and poultry are also raised in the town.
- quote wikipedia -

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. Sarutahiko no Ookami 猿田彦大神 the Great Deity Sarutahiko .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Japan - Shrines and Temples on 9/10/2017 09:19:00 am

ONI- oni no karada body features

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
- - - - - oni no ha - teeth of an Oni - see below - - - - -
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oni no karada 鬼の体 body features of an Oni Demon
oni no shintai　鬼の身体 - oni no sugata　鬼の姿　
Oni are born out of the imagination of human beings - they have the physical characteristics of things humans fear, mostly in animals.
Their appearance changed during the long history of Japan, from the Heian period to our present popular Setsubun-Oni.

- quote -
Depictions of oni vary widely but usually portray them as hideous, gigantic ogre-like creatures with sharp claws, wild hair, and two long horns growing from their heads. They are humanoid for the most part, but occasionally, they are shown with unnatural features such as odd numbers of eyes or extra fingers and toes. Their skin may be any number of colors, but red and blue are particularly common.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !




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- 頭　Head -

kao 顔　face
often square and quite large.

kami 髪 hair
Growing like weeds, like yomogi 蓬 mugwort,



. tsuno　鬼の角　the horns of Oni demons .
some have two, some have one and some have no horns

. me　鬼の目, 鬼の眼 / medama 鬼の目玉 eyes of an Oni .
mitsume no oni 三つ目の鬼 Demon with three eyes

kuchi 口 mouth
Sometimes as wide as to both ears. Some Oni have no mouth.

shita 舌 tongue
Like a fiery flame.

ha 鬼の歯 oni no ha, teeth of an oni / kiba 牙 fangs - see below



- hand and feet -



te 手　- yubi to tsume hands - fingers and nails
Nails are like swords and quite long.

ashi 足　- yubi to tsume feet - toes and nails
Some have four or three toes. Like those of birds, with long nails.




takasa 背の高さ body height - about as high as a castle gate


. hone　鬼の骨 the bones of Oni demons .
- including atama　頭 scull (head)

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. kanaboo, kanabō 鬼に金棒 Kanabo, the iron club of an Oni .
- Oni ni kanabo


. oni no koshimaki 鬼の腰巻 - oni no fundoshi 鬼の褌
oni no pantsu 鬼のパンツ pants of an oni - loincloth .
- tiger pants - 虎柄のパンツ


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oni no miira　鬼のミイラ mummy of an Oni


At the temple 勝福寺 Shofuku-Ji in 大阪 Osaka, there is a mummy of an oni. It has two horns, three fingers and three toes.



四日市 - 十宝山大乗院 Yokkaichi, Daijo-In, Kyushu
- reference -


and more in other temples of Japan - tba
. . . CLICK here for more Photos !


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ha, oni no ha 鬼の歯 teeth of an oni / kiba 牙 fangs



Some Oni show fangs upward, some downward, some have one fang up and one fang down.
Many masks also have a closed mouth.

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Emori えもり瀬兵衛 （せへえ） Emori Seei
Emori was able to buy something special. He got a tooth from a person living in 八丈島 Hachiojima, where the original inhabitants were said to be Oni.
The tooth was about 3 cm long and 6 cm wide.

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When a child looses an upper tooth, it has to throw it under the veranda and chant
nezumi no ha to tokkaero 鼠の歯ととっかえろ Change this into the tooth of a mouse.
When it looses a lower tooth, it has to throw in on the roof and chant
oni no ha to tokkaero 鬼の歯ととっかえろ Change this into the tooth of an Oni.
Thus the new tooth will grow strong and healthy.


................................................................................. Fukushima 福島県

If a child looses a tooth, it has to throw it under the veranda or on the roof and chant:
オレの歯は先生えろ、鬼の歯は後生えろ Let my tooth grow first. Let the tooth of an Oni grow later.


................................................................................. Hyogo 兵庫県

Sutten Doji 酒顛童子 / スッテンドウジ Shuten Doji
Shuten Doji was beheaded by Minamoto Yorimitsu and his head flew up into the sky. Then it came down and landed on the helmet of Yorimitsu. With his strong teeth of an Oni it started to bite off the layers of the helmet and almost succeeded, leaving just one layer before it was chased away.

. Shuten Dooji 酒呑童子 Shuten Doji "Sake Child" Demon .
Shuten Dōji 酒顛童子, 酒天童子, 朱点童子 Saka Doji


................................................................................. Iwate 岩手県
気仙郡 Kesen district

When Sakanoue no Tamuramaro drove out the demon of this region, the teeth of this Oni were left over.
The boss of the native 蝦夷 Emishi group was called 赤頭 Akagashira.


赤頭 Head of Akagashira

and his oni no kiba 鬼の牙 demon teeth


Tamuramaro built a grave for Akagashira and offered a statue of Kannon Bosatsu to appease his soul. This is now at the temple 竜福山・長谷寺 Hasedera.
When they dug out the grave in 1704, they found 33 teeth in the skull of this Akagashira Oni.
ケセンの鬼の国 Kesen is the land of the Oni.

. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 (758 - 811) .


................................................................................. Nagano 長野県
小県郡 Chiisagata district

The story about the onishi 鬼石 Oni Stone in 東内村 Higashi-Uchimura.

. onishi 鬼石 Oni Stone - places in Japan .


................................................................................. Tochigi 栃木県
宇都宮市 Utsunomiya city

If a child looses a tooth, it has to throw it under the veranda or on the roof and chant:
鬼の歯より私の歯のほうが先に生えろ Let my tooth grow before the one of the Oni.


................................................................................. Tokushima 徳島県
鳴門市 Naruto city 北灘 Kitanada / 撫養町 Muyacho

The local Oni heard to Buddhist lectures of Saint Honen, abdicated his bad ways, wrote a Buddhist name on his horns and threw his body down a cliff.
To appease his soul, the temple 鬼骨寺 Kikotsu-Ji "Temple of Demon Bones" was built.
The temple 法泉寺 Hosen-Ji venerates his myoogo 名号 Myogo, Buddhist name, the horns 鬼角.
The temple 西福寺 Saijuku-Ji venerates 鬼の歯 his teeth.

. Kikotsuji 鬼骨寺 Kikotsu-Ji "Temple of Demon Bones" .

. Hoonen 法然上人 Saint Honen (1133 - 1212) .
Founder of Pure Land Buddhism


................................................................................. Yamanashi 山梨県

If people loose a tooth, they chant
鬼の歯と取り替えてくれ Let the new one become a tooth of an Oni.

.......................................................................
山梨県河内地方 Kawachi district

Food called "oni no ha"
On the last day of the year people prepare cooked rice with barley, called oni no ha 鬼の歯.

. mugimeshi 麦飯 rice with barley .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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楓林に落せし鬼の歯なるべし
fuurin ni otoseshi oni no ha naru beshi

in the maple forest
they fall down and become
teeth of an Oni

. 高浜虚子 Takahama Kyoshi .
(1874 - 1959)




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- - - - - 鬼歯（おにば） oniba - types of human teeth and tools - - - - -

牙のように生えた歯。→八重歯 double tooth
通常より多く生えた歯。→過剰歯 hyperdontia
出生時に既に生えている歯。→先天歯 congenital tooth

籾を落とすのに使われる農具の一種。→鬼歯 (農具) a farm tool
鋸の最先端に位置する鋸歯。鬼を引き裂くように強い歯という意味に由来するともいう。part of a saw
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



鬼歯 (農具) a farm tool for hulling rice



鬼切歯 onikiriba - part of a saw for forest workers
In former times, the first tooth of the forest saw was added as a kind of amulet to prevent bad things from happening in the forest.


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鬼の姿
- reference source : fushigi-chikara.jp/sonota -

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. - - - Join the Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 9/10/2017 11:08:00 am

HEIAN - Jishin no Ran Tenmu Tenno

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. ABC List of Heian Contents .
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Jishin no Ran 壬申の乱 Jishin war
civil war, "War of the Year of the Monkey", Jinshin rebellion
and 天武天皇 Emperor Tenmu Tenno



- quote -
a succession dispute in Japan which broke out in 672 following the death of 天智天皇 Emperor Tenji.
The name refers to the jinshin (壬申) or ninth year of the sixty-year Jikkan Jūnishi calendrical cycle, corresponding to the Western year 673.
Tenji had originally designated his brother, 大海人皇子 Prince Ōama, as his successor, but later changed his mind in favor of his son, 大友皇子 Prince Ōtomo / 大伴 Otomo. In the course of the violence that erupted as a result of factional rivalries, Ōtomo, having taken the throne as Emperor, took his own life after reigning for less than a year.
His uncle Ōama then succeeded to the throne as the Emperor Tenmu.
- Background -
Emperor Tenji ascended to the throne and set up a capital at Ōmi-Ōtsu (currently Ōtsu city, Shiga Prefecture). He made his best efforts for the foundation of a strong country, imitating the Tang Dynasty in China, importing the Tangs' culture, architecture and political systems. Japan had to pretend to have as much power as Tang because if Japan were regarded as weak, it was feared that the Tang might invade and conquer the country.

The next thing Tenji needed to do was to secure his successor. His Empress-consort was Yamato-hime but there were no children between the two. He had to find the right man from the sons of non-Imperial wives. Prince Takeru was the first son but he was mute by nature and died when he was seven years old. Prince Ōtomo was the next prince of the Emperor. He was a hard worker, and was very clever and intellectual. He had enough ability to be the next Emperor.

Although Ōtomo was almost perfect, his mother was of low birth. She was from the rural area landlord's family and was not Imperial-Household-born. This was a great disadvantage in considering Ōtomo to ascend to the throne.

At the same time, a younger brother of the Emperor Tenji's was as excellent as Ōtomo. He, Prince Ōama, had almost the same fitness as the Emperor, except that he was younger. His reputation was much greater than Ōtomo because he was of higher birth and was more suitable to be the next Emperor.
This was a major cause of the trouble to come.
In 670, the Emperor Tenji got sick. He realized that he couldn't live long, and he wished that, after his death, the Imperial Dynasty would pass to his son, Prince Ōtomo. Because Ōtomo's greatest rival was Ōama, the Emperor attempted to drive Ōama away. He invited the prince to his bedroom and asked if Ōama had an intention to take the throne.
If Ōama answered yes, the Emperor would have arrested and punished him as a traitor. Prince Ōama was clever enough to know his trick and answered that he had no will to succeed the throne and he wanted Ōtomo to be the next Emperor. He added that he wanted to be a monk instead of inheriting the throne and would retire to a temple in Yoshino. Because there were no reasons to punish Ōama any longer, the Emperor accepted the prince's proposal. Ōama went down to Yoshino the next day and became a monk.

The Emperor declared that Ōtomo was the next Emperor. Ōtomo summoned six subjects to the Emperor's bedroom and made them swear to help him in front of the Emperor. The Emperor nodded, and several days later he died.
.....
Prince Ōama pretended to be a monk at the temple in Yoshino, but he was looking for a chance to rise a rebellion against Ōtomo and to drive him away. He secretly collected weapons and soldiers to prepare for the coup-d'etat. In the seventh month of 672, he departed Yoshino and headed for the Palace in Ōtsu where the new Emperor Ōtomo was.
- The War
- Events in the War
- References
- MORE in the Wikipedia -



Prince Oama later became 天武天皇 Emperor Tenmu Tenno.

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Ooama no Ooji, Ōama no ōji 大海人皇子 Prince Oama - 天武天皇 Tenmu Tenno
(c. 631-686)



Tenmu - the 40th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
Tenmu's reign lasted from 673 until his death in 686.
Emperor Tenmu is the first monarch of Japan, to whom the title Tennō (Emperor of Japan) was assigned contemporaneously — not only by later generations.
Tenmu had many children, including his crown prince Kusakabe.
..... In 671 Tenmu felt himself to be in danger and volunteered to resign the office of crown prince to become a monk. He moved to the mountains in Yoshino, Yamato Province (now Yoshino, Nara), officially for reasons of seclusion.



..... Tenmu assembled an army and marched from Yoshino to the east, to attack the capital of Omikyō in a counterclockwise movement. He left Yoshino with about 30 soldiers, but at the end of his march there were 30000. They marched through Yamato, Iga and Mino Provinces to threaten Omikyō in the adjacent province.
The army of Tenmu and the army of the young Emperor Kōbun fought in the northwestern part of Mino (nowadays Sekigahara, Gifu). Tenmu's army won and Kōbun committed suicide, an incident known as the Jinshin War.
..... As might be expected, Emperor Tenmu was no less active than former-Emperor Tenji in improving the Taika military institutions. Tenmu's reign brought many changes, such as:
(1) a centralized war department was organized;
(2) the defenses of the Inner Country near the Capital were strengthened;
(3) forts and castles were built near Capital and in the western parts of Honshū—and in Kyushu;
(4) troops were reviewed; and all provincial governors were ordered to complete the collection of arms and to study tactics.
..... In 675 Emperor Tenmu banned the consumption of animal meat (horse, cattle, dogs, monkeys, birds), due to the influence of Buddhism.
..... Emperor Tenmu commissioned the "Kojiki" to be the official history of Japan in order to help strengthen imperial rule. It was completed in 712 and the "Nihon Shoki" ("Chronicles of Japan"), another manuscript of myths and legends was compiled in 720.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !




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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

enoki 榎木 nettletree, Chinese hackberry tree
In the historical record of the Heike, 源平盛衰記 Heike Seisui-Ki, there is a story about Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147 - 1198). After loosing the battle of 石橋山 Ishibashiyama he hid in the hollow of a nettletree to avoid further harm.
When Tenmu Tenno was hiding from 大伴皇子 Prince Otomo, he also hid in the hollow of a nettletree.

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Osaka 大阪府

atori no kai 獦子鳥怪 / アトリ the monstrous Atori birds cloud
Atori belong to the family of sparrows.



In the 7th year of the reign of Tenmu Tenno a huge flog of these birds cluttered the sky. They even flow up to 摂津国天満 Tenman in Settsu and this bird storm lasted for three, four days.


kanro 甘露 "honey dew"
In the 7th year of the reign of Tenmu Tenno in winter, something like a piece of white cotton came floating down from the sky. It was about 180 cm long and 22 cm wide. Blown by the wind it landed in a pine tree forest. This was named Kanro.



春すぎて 夏来にけらし 白妙（しろたへ）の 衣ほすてふ 天の香具山
haru sugite natsu ki ni kerashi shiro-tahe no koromo hosutefu ama no kaguyama

Spring has passed, and / summer has arrived, it seems.
Heavenly Mount Kagu
Where it is said, they dry robes / of the whitest mulberry!
Tr. Ewa Machotka

Poem by Jitō Tennō 持統天皇 Empress Jito (645 – 703)
She was the wife of Emperor Tenmu,

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Yoshino 吉野 - Nara　奈良県

tennyo 天女 the Heavenly Maiden
Once Tenmu Tenno played the 琴 Koto near a waterfall in Yoshino. On the cliff opposite the river something strange like a colorful cloud appeared. Looking closer it had the form of 天女 a heavenly maiden, clad in traditional layered robes, performing a ritual dance.


This is the beginning of the ritual gosetchi no maihime 五節の舞姫 Gosechi no Mai .
This imperial dance is performed to our day, even in Kabuki.


- more photos source : deep.wakuwaku-nara.com/kiyomi -

吉野川 - 天皇淵 Yoshinogawa Tenno-Buchi Tenno Riverpool at river Yoshinogawa
Nearby is the shrine 浄見原神社 Kiyomihara Jinja.

Tenmu Tenno was quite taken by the dance of the Heavenly Maiden. He composed a poem:
おとめ子が乙女さびしもからたまを袂にまきておとめさびしも


.......................................................................

- - - - - How the village Totsukawa got its name:
At the time when Tenmu Tenno 天武天皇 was still a prince called 大海人皇子 Oama no Miko and was hiding in Yoshino, he looked all the way South and sighed in grief:
「とほつかは」 tootsuka wa

. Totsukawa 十津川と伝説 Legends about Totsukawa village .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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- Reference in Japanese 壬申の乱 -
- Reference in English - jishin no ran -

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. Legends - Heian Period (794 to 1185) - Introduction .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

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Posted By Gabi Greve to Heian Period Japan on 9/10/2017 09:13:00 am

ONI - aooni blue green demon

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
. akaoni, aka-oni 赤鬼 Red Oni Demon .
- - - - - for kuro-oni 黒鬼 black demon see below
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aooni, ao-oni 青鬼伝説　Blue or Green Oni Demon Legends



Together with his companion, the akaoni, aka oni 赤鬼 Red Oni, he takes part in the Setsubun rituals.

. setsubun 節分 / せつぶん the Seasonal Divide .
February 3, the day before the beginning of spring (risshun 立春) according to the Asian lunar calendar.
The Setsubun Ao-oni is usually blue.

aoi 青い can be translated as blue or green . . .
. blue and green in translation for 青 .
aozora 青空 blue sky / aoringo 蒼りんご green apple




. Aoni shuuraku 青鬼集落 "Green Demon" Aoni village, Nagano .
Aoni Hokujō, Hakuba-mura, Kitaazumi-gun -青鬼神社　Aoni Jinja （Aooni Jinja )
善鬼大明神 Zenki Daimyojin （御善鬼様 O-Zenki Sama) - The Benevolent Demon
O-Zenki no Yakata お善鬼の館 Mansion of Zenki - Museum


Most legends involve both the red and the blue Oni, so they will be featured here:
. akaoni, aka-oni 赤鬼 Red Oni Demon .


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

............................................................................ Akita 秋田県
仙北市 Senboku, Semboku city

akai hi 赤い火 red flames
If someone passed the graveyard after sunset, there were red flames hopping around to be seen.
Two or three blue Oni spit fire and ate it again, amusing themselves with the red flames.
When a brave samurai went there to check out the real reason, there were some beggars sitting on the ground, sticking burning leaves of local potatoes in their nose and blow them out.


............................................................................ Hokkaido 北海道
函館市 Hakodate

oni ningyoo 鬼人形 demon dolls
A craftsman with special skills made a carving of 酒顛童子 Shuten Doji for the festival float, with a red and blue demon at its side.
But the wandering souls of a young couple that had committed suicide in dispair begun to stick to the float.
鬼人形 demon dolls of the two were made and hung outside to make their spirits go away.

. The Demon Shuten dōji 酒呑童子 Shuten Doji .


............................................................................ Nara 奈良県

. the Demons Zenki 前鬼 and Goki 後鬼 .
the husband Zenki 前鬼 and his wife Goki 後鬼, servants of En-no-Gyôja 役行者 En no Gyoja.
They take part in oni no gyooretsu 鬼の行列 a Demon parade during the festival in honor of En no Gyoja.
Apart from Zenki and Goki, many red and blue demons march along on August 3rd.



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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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kuro-oni, kurooni 黒鬼伝説 black Oni demon Legends


............................................................................ Aomori 青森県

. oniko, oni-ko 津軽の鬼子 Tsugaru　.
kuro-oni no men 黒鬼の面 mask of black Oni
赤倉山神社 Akakurayama Jinja （百沢東岩木山1-39）Hyakuzawa Higashiiwakisan


source : yukitomanager.blog.jp/archives...



............................................................................ Chiba 千葉県

. onibabari 鬼払い driving out the demons, Setsubun .
with a red, blue and black demon


............................................................................ Fukushima 福島県
大笹生 （おおざそう） Oozaso distsrict

大笹生の黒鬼伝説 Black Oni legend from Ozaso
In the North-West of Fukushima city there is a mountain plateau called Ozaso.
Once upon a long long LONG time, there lived a black Oni.
He often came down from his mountain to eat villagers and travelers and cause a lot of trouble as 人食い鬼 a man-eating Oni.
Even the priest from a local temple was eventually eaten by the Oni.
Then one day a traveling monk came to stay in the village and heard the story. The villagers asked him to drive out the Oni, but first he refused, because he had no trust in his power to do so.
The villagers talked to him again and made him hold a memorial service for all the perished souls.
As things go, the monk stayed at the temple and became its priest after all.

One night as he slept, Dainichi Nyorai appeared at his pillow and taught him how to get rid of the man-eating Oni:

「修行者よ、黒鬼の心を静める方法を教えますからよく聞きなさい。
ここより西南、土湯の山奥、仁田沼のほとりに大きなトチの樹があります。
根元に落ちている実を広い、それで団子を三個作りなさい。
- - - - - the long story continues here :
- reference source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/okotanjp... -


............................................................................ Kagoshima 鹿児島県

園山の由来考察と黒鬼伝説 Sonoyama and the legend of Kuro-Oni
黒神さまは文化財 Kurokamisama - 腹五社神社 Haragosha Shrine 黒神埋没鳥居 Torii gate of the shrine

Haragosha Shrine shrine was built in the new village of the people of the Kurokami Area after they resettled following a large eruption in the Edo Period (the Annei Eruption).
The god from the shrine of their old home is enshrined here.
... This three meter-high stone torii has been buried in volcanic lava and ash since the eruption of Sakurajima in 1914, leaving just its head peeking out. It was actually completely covered but builders discovered it while doing excavation work in the process of building a school in the area. The village mayor took the decision to leave it partially buried in remembrance of the devastating eruption.
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............................................................................ Kyoto 京都

At the temple 廬山寺 Rozan-Ji in Kyoto, there are Oni of three colors.
The red Oni symbolizes greed, the green Oni anger and the black Oni stupidity.
They are the three most important bonnoo 煩悩 earthly desires



- - - - - More photos are here :
- reference source : .. allabout.co.jp/fashion/colorcoordinate/... -




. bonnoo 煩悩 worldly desires, illusions .
貪　＝　むさぼり, greed
瞋　＝　いかり, anger
癡　＝　おろかさ, stupidity

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死にかけた子が黒鬼の絵を画いた
shi ni kaketa ko ga kuro-oni no e o kaita

struggling with death
the child painted
a black demon

八木三日女 Yagi Mikajo (1924 - 2014)

. Oni to Haiku 鬼と俳句　Haiku with Demons .

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. - - - Join the Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. akaoni, aka-oni 赤鬼 Red Oni Demon .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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- #aooni #bluedemon #greendemon #blackdemon #kurooni -
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Posted By Gabi Greve to Kappa - The Kappapedia on 8/31/2017 02:11:00 pm