Darumapedia

28 Feb 2020

EDO - Tanba Tango Kaido

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/02/tango-tanba-kaido-highways.html

Tango Tanba Kaido Highways

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- for 丹波街道 Tanba Kaido, see below -
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Tango Kaido 丹後街道 Tango Highway
From Tsuruga, Fukui to Maizuru, Kyoto.
Now National Highway Nr. 27.

Part of the Jukan Doro along the Sea of Japan
日本海側の縦貫道路の一部 jūkan dōro

- Postal stations along the Tango Kaido
Tsuruga 敦賀市
Wakasa 若狭町
Obama 小浜市
Takahama 高浜町
Kichisaka toge pass 吉坂峠 (in Maizuru)
Maizuru 舞鶴市 (Kyoto)

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Tango Province (丹後国, Tango no Kuni)
was an old province in the area that is today northern Kyoto Prefecture facing the Sea of Japan. Together with Tanba Province, Tango was sometimes called Tanshū (丹州).
Tango bordered on Tajima, Tanba, and Wakasa provinces.
At various times both Maizuru and Miyazu were the capital and chief town of the province.
- History
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713), the land of Tango Province was administratively separated from Tanba Province. In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period.
In Wadō 6, Mimasaka Province was sundered from Bizen Province, and Hyūga Province was divided from Ōsumi Province. In Wadō 5 (712), Mutsu Province had been severed from Dewa Province.
Maps of Japan and Tango Province were reformed in the 1870s when the prefecture system was introduced. At the same time, the province continued to exist for some purposes. For example, Tango is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the United States and (b) between Japan and the United Kingdom.
The 1927 Kita Tango earthquake caused major damage in the region and killed around 3,000 people.
This area is still known as Tango Peninsula, some parts of it are in Tango Quasi-National Park. A town in this region was likewise named Tango. It is now defunct and part of Kyōtango (Kyō + Tango) since 2004.
- Historical districts
Kasa District (加佐郡)
Yosa District (与謝郡)
Naka District (中郡)
Takeno District (竹野郡)
Kumano District (熊野郡)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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. Matsuo Basho - Station 41 - Tsuruga 敦賀 .

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. Wakasa 若狭 lacquer and agate 漆と瑪瑙 .

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Kichisaka toge pass 吉坂峠

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. Maizuru Daruma Festival 舞鶴だるま祭 .

. Ama no Hashidate 天の橋立 .

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Historical streetscape of Onyu / Obama
Historical streetscape of 遠敷 Onyu spreads along the road at the junction of Wakasa-kaido Road and 針畑越（根来道） Harihatagoe also known as Negori-zaka slope. In the surrounding area of Onyu district stand 若狭姫神社 Wakasahime Shrine, 若狭国府 Wakasa Kokufu, and 若狭国分寺 Wakasa Kokubunji Temple. This is the area where dedicated articles and salt were sent to Kyoto, the ancient capital of Japan. A market was established here after medieval times and developed into a town in front of Wakasahime Shrine.
Before 熊川宿 Kumagawa-juku was developed, it used to be the base of transportation of 鯖街道 Saba-kaido Road, or a highway supplying marine products and fish such as mackerel called "saba" in Japanese to the Imperial family and court in Kyoto, the ancient capital of Japan. In the mid Edo Period, Onyu district flourished by processing agate in Hokkaido and Tohoku region brought there by Kitamae-bune, or freight vessels by way of the Japan Sea. A large quantity of agate called Wakasa agate processed in Onyu was shipped to Kyoto and Osaka. Processing of agate has been handed down as a traditional craft up to today.
Today Tango-kaido Road
and the area close to Wakasahime Shrine are lined with houses called Machiya, or merchants' houses, which retain traditional architectural style built after the Meiji Period. In Onyu Festival, an annual festival of Wakasahiko shrine and Himegami shrine, drum dance and Kagura drum performance are dedicated to the gods of these shrines by local residents and Ujiko, or shrine parishioners. Kagura refers to sacred Shinto music and dancing performed at a shrine.
- source : city.obama.fukui.jp...-

source : 4travel.jp/travelogue...
熊川宿 Kumagawa-juku

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. Tango Chirimen Kaidoo 縮緬街道 the Chirimen Road .
to transport Tango Chirimen Silk Crepe to Kyoto.

. saba kaido 鯖街道 mackerel road .

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Tanba Kaido 丹波街道 / 旦波街道 Tanba Highway
From Tanba (Tamba) to Kyoto.

Tanba no kuni 丹波国 the Tamba province of the Edo period, now parts belong to Hyogo, others to Kyoto.

The first part of the 山陰街道 Sanin Kaido led to the Tanba region.
It was also called
Tanba Kaido 丹波街道
Tanshu Kaido 丹州街道
Tanbaji, Tanba-Ji 丹波路
Tanshuji, Tanshu-Ji 丹州路

- quote -
Tanba Province (丹波国, Tanba no kuni)
was an old province of Japan. The ambit of its borders encompassed both the central part of modern Kyōto Prefecture and the east-central part of Hyōgo Prefecture. It and the neighbouring Tango Province were collectively known as Tanshū (丹州). Besides Tango, Tanba bordered on Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima, Wakasa, and Yamashiro Provinces.
The ancient provincial capital is believed to be in the area of modern Kameoka.
- History
In the 3rd month of the 6th year of the Wadō era (713), Tango Province (丹後国) was administratively separated from Tanba. In that same year, Empress Genmei's Daijō-kan continued to organize other cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara period. ...
After being governed by a succession of minor daimyō, the region was eventually conquered by Oda Nobunaga in the Sengoku period. He assigned the province to one of his generals, Akechi Mitsuhide, who would become the central figure in Nobunaga's assassination in 1582.
A town in this region also named Tanba was merged with several other towns in 2005 to create Kyōtanba (Kyō + Tanba).
- Historic districts
----- Hyōgo Prefecture
Hikami District (氷上郡)
Taki District (多紀郡)
----- Kyoto Prefecture
Amata District (天田郡)
Funai District (船井郡)
Ikaruga District (何鹿郡)
Kuwada District (桑田郡)
- Kitakuwada District (北桑田郡)
- Minamikuwada District (南桑田郡)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- quote -

（丹波地域）たんば三街道 - 3 Kaido in Tanba
丹波の森街道： Tanba no Mori Kaido
国道427号～県道青垣柏原線～国道176号（篠山市草野～丹波市青垣町遠阪）
水分れ街道： Mizuwakare Kaido
国道175号（丹波市山南町井原～丹波市市島町下竹田）
デカンショ街道：Dekansho Kaido
国道372号（篠山市西野々～篠山市今田町本荘）
川代恐竜街道：Kawashiro Kyoryu Kaido- Dinosaur road
県道篠山山南線（篠山市大山下～丹波市山南町谷川）

- reference source : web.pref.hyogo.lg.jp... -

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Tanba Province: 鐘坂　Kanegasaka
Utagawa Hiroshige
鐘坂と鬼の架け橋　－Kanegasaka Oni no kakehashi 鬼の架け橋 - Kinzan

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Kinzan Castle
Oiiri Tanba-Sasayama city, Hyogo
..... Kinzan castle spreads T shaped peak of Kinzan mountain. Central area of castle is a rectangular one of 50 meter long and 20 meter wide, which has about two meter height stone wall at its western half where main building might exist. At the west slope of central area there is a huge shaped rock called as "Oni no Kakehashi", which is a huge flat stone stands over the gap of the rock like a bridge......
- source : japancastle.jp... -

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. Sanin Kaido 山陰街道 Sanin Highway, San'in Highway .

. Folk art from the Tanba region .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

................................................................................. Tango no Kuni 丹後国

A person from 丹後国宮津出 Tanba no Kuni, Miyazu came to Kyoto to do business, but he became ill and could not hear any more. He followed the advise of a friend and went to Osaka for three years, but his deafness did not heal. Finally he went back to Miyazu.
But his language had changed and he now talked like someone from Osaka!

.................................................................................　Kyoto 京都府
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宮津市 Miyazu city
Located in Miyazu City is 天橋立 Amanohashidate, the "bridge to heaven", one of the three most beautiful sights of Japan.
The naturally formed land bridge is 3.6 kilometers long and covered in pine trees.

oo-onna 大女 a huge woman
In 1702, there was an epidemic in the village of 宮津村 Miyazu, which finally ebbed down.
On the 7th day of the first lunar month in the evening, a villager saw a large woman of about 3 meters in white robes sitting at the foot of a pine tree. When he came home he fell ill with a fever, and mumbled the words of the woman:
"I was the servant of the lady of the castle and was executed because of an intrigue. To get my revenge I made the epidemic come to the village. If you hold a special ritual for me on the 17th day of the second lunar month, I will be saved and become the mamorigami 守り神 protector deity of this village."

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In the year 1026, a woman of about 2 meters with a long face came on a boat from 丹後国 Tango no Kuni. On the boat they had quite a Sake party and everybody got ill. When the boat reached the coast, they had all died.

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. ryuutoo 龍燈 / 龍灯 / 竜灯と伝説 Legends about Ryuto, "Dragon Lantern" .
At Amanohashidate, at night on the 16th day of every month, there is a strange light coming from the ushitora 丑寅 North-East direction and heading to the Monju Do 文殊堂 Hall for Monju Bosatsu at the temple 智恩寺 Chion-Ji. In front of the hall is one pine tree, which is called
ryuutoo no matsu 竜灯の松 "pine of the Dragon Lantern"

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Kyoto 与謝郡 Yosa district 野田川町 Nodagawa

. Eiko 英胡，Karuashi 迦樓夜叉，Tsuchiguma 土熊 - Three oni 鬼 demons .
and 麻呂子親王 Prince Maroko Shinno

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
丹後国 - ok
50 丹波国 (00)
24 丹波国動物 (00)

丹波国船井郡の動物伝説 Animal legends from Funai, Tanba.
田中勝雄 Tanaka Katsuo

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- - - - - H A I K U and S E N R Y U - - - - -

朝凪のちりめん波も丹後なる
asanagi no chirimen nami mo Tango naru

大立しづ　Hirotatsu Shizu

. asanagi - no wind in the morning .
- - kigo for late summer - -

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25 Feb 2020

SHINTO - Sai no Kami Legends

https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.com/2020/01/sai-no-kami-legends.html

Sai no Kami legends

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Shinto Shrines (jinja　神社) - Introduction .
. kami　神　Shinto deities .
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Sai no Kami 幸神 / 幸の神 / さいの神 / サイノカミ
Deity of Fortune and Good Luck

. Sai no Kami 幸の神 God of Good Fortune .
- Introduction -

Also called
Sae no kami 障の神 - 塞の神
A kind of Dosojin, Wayside Deity and also seen as Tanokami.

toshi no kami 歳の神 Deity of the Year (another name for Sai no Kami)
. toshitokujin 歳德神 Deity of the Year - Legends .
Toshigami 年神 / 歳神

Shogatsu Sama 正月様 Deity of the New Year

Sai no kami no kanjin 幸の神の勧進 Praying to the God of Good Fortune
On January 15.
This custom is mostly followed in the Tohoku region.

. umi no sachi 海の幸 yama no sachi 山の幸 .
food from the sea, food from the mountains
Offerings to the Japanese deities always contain at least one plate with food from the sea and one with food from the mountains, one fish and one radish.
- Umisachihiko うみさちひこ【海幸彦】
- Yamasachihiko やまさちひこ【山幸彦】- the younger brother of Umisachihiko

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. 道祖神 Dosojin, the Wayside Deities .
Most of these stone deities are found along the roads of Central Japan, especially Nagano and Yamanashi, but of course also in other parts. They are called by many names, for example:
賽の神　sai no kami, 障の神, 祖神 sae no kami, see no kami せーの神,
sakai no kami 境神> sai no kami; 障神 shooshin; 衢神 kushin, 八衢神 yachimata no kami, 道俣神 chimata no kami;
doorokujin　道六神, / 道碌神 / 道陸神 Doroku-Jin (in connection with the six Jizo statues on the crossroads and the six realms of existence (rokudoo　六道),
岐神 chimatagami, 船戸神 funado no kami; 道の神 michi no kami, ひだる神 hidarugami、アラハバキ神　Arahabakigami and more.
SAI or SAE means keeping out, destructing the way for the evil spirits.
Festivals in their honor are the fire festivities on the old lunar New Year,
Dondoyaki　どんど焼、sagichoo 左義長, saitoyaki 賽燈燒,　紫灯、寒灯.

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Sachigami Jinja 幸神神社 / さちかみじんじゃ Sachigami Shrine, Sachikami Shrine
東京都西多摩郡日の出町大久野2129 / Hinode-machi-2129 Oguno, Nishitama-gun, Nishitama District, Tokyo

- - - Deity in residence
猿田彦大神（さるたひこのおおかみ） Sarutahiko no okami

- - - Annual festival
3月26日 March 26

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Sashikami Myoojin 幸神明神 / サシカミミョウジン
Sashikami Myojin, Sainokami Myojin Deity

In Tokyo 東京都
Once the children played with a statue of 明神様 Myojin Sama and let it float in water. An old man of the hamlet took it away from them. Two or three days later, he became very ill.
Maybe this was because he had taken the statue, so he let if float again in water and was soon healed.

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In Fukushima 福島県塙町 Hanawa city / 山幸神社 Shrine Yamasachi Jinja
福島県東白川郡塙町眞名畑字宮田84

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
At the end of the Edo period, there was oosugi 大杉 a huge cedar tree with a hole in its trunk at 山幸神社 the Shrine Yamasachi Jinja.
The deity of the Shrine was 老婆 an old woman. Once she threw the 杉葉 cedar leaves into this cave and a huge Thunderstorm lasted for three days, burning the tree.
In the ashes they found the bones of a hebi 蛇 serpent.

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山幸神社 Yamasachi Jinja
佐賀県唐津市柏崎 Saga prefecture, Karatsu

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Sainokami
Yahatanishi Ward, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka / 福岡県北九州市八幡西区幸神

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.......................................................................　Ehime 愛媛県 .....
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伊予郡 Io district 砥部町 Tobe town

. Kaze no Kami 風邪の神 and Sai no Kami .

.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....
檜枝岐村 Hinoemata village

The deity is also called
Sei no Kami せいの神.

Sai no Kami さいの神 / 賽の神 can prevent illness if properly venerated in the village.
It protects the road to the village.
After the first calligraphy of the year the paper must be burned and the ashes of the
Dondoyaki fire for 賽の神 Sai no Kami thrown in the air to improve one's writing.
If this is not done, there will be no improvement.
Eating mochi 餅 rice cakes prepared in the ashes of the Dondoyaki fire will keep the teeth strong and prevent stomach illness.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
さいの神 / 幸神

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. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #sainokami #幸神 #sachigami #yamasachi #toshigami -
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22 Feb 2020

HEIAN - Ushiishi bull rock legends

https://heianperiodjapan.blogspot.com/2020/01/ushiishi-gyuseki-bull-rock-legends.html

ushiishi gyuseki bull rock legends

- BACK to the Daruma Museum -
. Japanese legends and tales 伝説民話昔話 - Introduction .
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ushiishi 牛石と伝説 Legends about the "bull rock"
ushi-ishi / gyuu-ishi ぎゅういし / gyuuseki

Not to mix with ishi no ushi 石の牛 the stone figures of a bull from Tanjin Sama!

. Tenjin Sama - Sugawara Michizane Legends 天神菅原道真伝説 .

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Ushiishi Kofun 牛石古墳 Ushiishi burial mound

1-4 Momoyamadai, Minami Ward, Sakai, Osaka
西原公園にある古墳 in Nishihara Park

Part of the exposed stone chamber looks like a bull lying down.

- quote -

石室の天井石が露出していて、いかにも牛が寝そべったように見える。この石にまつわる伝説が多々ある。
- reference source : kitamejirou .blog. -

. kofun jidai 古墳時代 burial mound period - 250 to 538 .

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- - - - - ABC List of the prefectures :

......................................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県
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多治見市 Tajimi city

Once upon a time
in the village 小泉村大原 Koizumi Ohara they pulled a bull to the Myojin Shrine, but the bull stopped walking. The bull leader became angry and slashed it, cutting off its head.
The bull turned into stone on the spot and the head rolled over to another place to become a stone too.

......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県
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利根郡 Tone district

. daija, orochi 大蛇 the huge serpent, great snake .
The governor of the Oku-Joshu region went to a banquet, where he saw a beautiful woman and became her lover.
He never saw the woman during daytime, only at night. When he asked her why, she said she was from a poor farmer family from 庄田 Shoda and if he would marry her, she would serve him during daytime too.
So they wedded and a while later a boy was born.
The woman was a huge serpent from 庄田の沼 the swamp at Shoda. The palanquin she had used to come turned into a rock and was called 牛石 Ushiishi.
Her son had a long face and scales on his body.

......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
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飯坂町 Iizaka town

In the temple town of 頭陀寺 Zuda-Ji there is a rock which looks like a sleeping bull.
When they built this temple, they used this bull to transport the lumber, when he got tired and died.

......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県
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石巻市 Ishinomaki city

The 鹿島の神 Deity from Kashima came riding on a bull, and this bull turned into stone.

. Kashima Shrine 鹿島神宮 Kashima Jingu .

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Miyagi 名取市 Natori city 高館川上 Takadate Kawakami

At the castle of 大館城 Odate, there was no water supply. They had to use a bull to carry barrels down to the river to get water.
When the castle fell, the bull turned into a rock..

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Miyagi 塩竃市 Shiogama city
shiogama - lit. kettle to make salt

ushiishi, ushi-ishi, ウシイシ gyuseki 牛石 the bull who had become a rock
This huge rock is in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja.
In the pond East of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is a huge rock, looking like a bull lying down, with his eyes, nose, horns and ears visible.
On the 6th day of the 7th lunar month, when the well is cleaned, it can be fully seen.
When the deity 塩土翁神 Shiyotsuchi no Oji made salt, the tide brought a huge bull, which turned into this rock.
Shiotsuchi no Oji had originally seven iron kettles, four remain - of two sizes
一口は径四尺 1,2 m diameter
三口は四尺八寸の鉄釜 a bit larger
dedicated to ryuujin 竜神 the Dragon Deity.
The deity 和加佐彦命 Wakasahiko no Mikoto changed into the figure of a young boy with a purple apron and let the bull to the Seaside.
His muchi 鞭 whip was made from fuji 藤 wisteria.

. Legends from Noda Kaido 野田街道 Noda Highway .

- quote -
Shiogama jinja is thought to be one of the oldest shrines in Tohoku, and there are a variety of different rituals carried out throughout the year. Primary among these are the Salt-Making ritual held on 6 July. The ancient salt making ritual is performed at the Okama (or Okamasya) Shrine in Shiogama, the smaller shrine that is subordinate to Shiogama shrine. According to shrine tradition, the Okama shrine is located in a place that used to be a beach called Hodenohama in ancient times, where salt was made for the first time in the nation.
The Okama shrine that deifies Shiotsuchi-no-Oji-kami, who allegedly taught them salt making, as well as Yonkono Kamigama and Ushiishi fujimuchi-sha, both of whom were also related to the process of salt making … is thus probably the oldest location of the Shiogama shrine structures.
- source : heritageofjapan.wordpress.com ... salt roads -

Ushiishi Fujimuchi Sha 牛石藤鞭社 "Shrine of the whip from wisteria"

......................................................................................... Nagano 長野県
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小県郡 Chiisagata district 武石村 Takeshi village

Once upon a very long time
the Deity wanted to clear the land for farming and came riding on a bull. But the animal died and turned into a rock.
It also brings illness.
Once they wanted to remove the rock to make space for a new road, but the following year hyakunichiseki 百日咳 pertussis became rampant and many died.

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Nagano 下条村 Shimojo village

ushigatsume no ushiishi 牛ヶ爪の牛石 Ushiishi with the imprint of the hoof
Once someone told a blind sennin 仙人 hermit, who had lost his way, a wrong way on purpose.
The hermit on his bull lost his way completely and he and the animal died.
The anger toward the man who had shown them the wrong way showed in the stone as the remains of the hoof.
Now people in this area learned the lesson and never deceive people.

. sennin　仙人と伝説 Legends about Immortals .

......................................................................................... Osaka 大阪府
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堺市 Sakai city

ushiishizuka 牛石塚 Ushiishi mound
There is a huge rock that looks like a bull lying down, called Ushiishizuka mound of the rock bull.
It is a sacred place and people do not dare to come near.
Once they wanted to cut the rock, but blood begun to flow into a pond. This pond is called various names:
半分血池、大方血池、大方池、ハブ池.

......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
.......................................................................
文京区 Bunkyo ward

. ushiishi, ushi-ishi 牛石 "bull stone" .
. Tenjin Sama - Sugawara Michizane Legends 天神菅原道真伝説 .

When 源実朝 Minamoto no Sanetomo (1192 - 1219) was making war in the Northern Territories, Sugawara Michizane 菅神 Kanjin appeared in his dream, riding a bull:
"Lord Sanetomo has two parts of good fortune. When the war is over, built a small shrine and venerate there."
When Sanetomo woke up, he found a stone with the imprint of a bull's hooves just as he had seen in his dream.
In this year, his son 源頼家 Minamoto no Yoriie (1182 - 1204) was born and in the following year, Sanetomo was able to fight his enemy.
After winning the battle, he had a shrine erected and made an offering of this "Bull Stone".

牛石 (牛天神北野神社)(東京都文京区春日) Ushi Tenjin Kitano Jinja
1 Chome-5-2 Kasuga, Bunkyō ward

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -

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. Kaido highway legends 街道と伝説 - - ABC list .

. animals and their legends 動物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. plants and their legends 　植物と伝説 - - ABC list .

. trees and their legends 　樹木, 木と伝説 - - ABC list .

. Persons, People, Personen and their legends - - ABC list .

. Legends about Kobo Daishi Kukai - 弘法大師　空海 - 伝説 .

. Japanese legends and tales 伝説　民話　昔話 - Introduction .

- Yookai 妖怪 Yokai Monsters of Japan -

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. Join the friends on Facebook ! .

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- #ishiushi #ushi #bullstone #kofun #ushiishi #bullrock #gyuseki -
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21 Feb 2020

EDO - Noda Kaido Shiogama

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/01/noda-kaido-highway-numakunai.html

Noda Kaido Highway Numakunai

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道, see below
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Noda Kaido 野田街道 Noda Highway
沼宮内廻野田街道 Numakunai mawari Noda Kaido

Connecting 盛岡 Morioka city, 岩手県 Iwate with 野田 Noda town the Northern part of 三陸海岸 the Sanriku Kaigan coast.

The 本野田街道 Main Noda Kaido Highway
Passing from Morioka via the 小本街道 Omoto Kaido to 岩泉 Iwaizumi, then passing 安家 Akka and on to the Daikansho 代官所 Government office in Noda.
This was the shorter route and used more often.

The Numakunai 沼宮内廻野田街道 Noda Kaido passing via Numakunai
Branching off from the 奥州街道 Oshu Kaido in the North of 沼宮内宿 Numakunai-juku at the village of 尾呂部 Orobe
Passing 吉ヶ沢 Yoshigasawa, 葛巻 Kuzumaki, 関 Seki, 木売内 Kiurinai and 下戸鎖 Shimotokusari
and joining the Oda Kaido at 宇部 Ube.
Another route via the 角掛峠 Tsunokake toge pass went to 久慈 Kuji city.

Since 1664 the lord of 八戸藩 the Hachinohe domain used this road to go to Morioka and a 関番所 barrier was erected.
This road is sometimes called
shio no michi 塩の道 Salt road
to transport the salt made in 塩釜 Shiogama via Noda to Morioka. It was used by 南部牛方 the Nanbu Ushikata traders, who transported the salt on cows.

- Postal stations along the Noda Kaido

Noda 野田
Shimotowada 下戸渡
Kiurinai 木売内
Oguni 小国
Seki 関
Kuzumaki 葛巻
Numakunai 沼宮内
Umibe 海辺
Akka 安家

Akka is now part of the 下閉伊郡 Shimohei district, Iwate.

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Shiogama Kaido 塩釜街道 Shiogama Highway
Connecting Shiogama with 仙台 Sendai, 宮城県 Miyagi.

shiogama - lit. kettle to make salt

- Postal stations along the Shiogama Kaido

Sendai Castle　仙台城
Iwakiri 岩切
Nangu 南宮
Ichikawa 市川
Shiogama 塩釜
then on to the famous Matsushima 松島

- quote -
Shiogama (塩竈 or 塩釜)
The city derives its name ("salt furnace") from an ancient method to harvest salt by boiling seawater in large kettles. The ritual is still performed every July at Shiogama Shrine, an important shrine at the center of the town. The shrine is also a popular cherry blossom spot with a large variety of cherry tree varieties.
Shiogama
is often combined with a visit to nearby Matsushima, as the two cities are connected by the popular sightseeing cruises via Matsushima Bay.
- source : japan-guide.com... -

. Shiogama Jinja 塩釜神社 / 鹽竈神社 Shiogama Shrine .
It is the head shrine of several hundred Shiogama shrines located throughout Japan.
In the"Narrow Roads to the Deep North",
the poet, Matsuo Basho, describes traveling from Shiogama to Matsushima by boat.
. tsubo no ishibumi at Tateishi 壷の碑を立石 .

- quote -
Shiwahiko Jinja　志波彦神社
It was formerly situated in Iwakiri, to the west of Shiogama, but it was transferred to the precincts of Shiogama Jinja in 1874.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- quote -
Shiogama Jinja (鹽竈神社)
Three kami are enshrined at Shiogama Jinja, in three separate buildings:
Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami in the betsugu (detached sanctuary),
Takemikazuchi-no-Kami in the sagu (left sanctuary), and
Futsunushi-no-Kami in the ugu (right sanctuary).
Shiwahiko Jinja is dedicated to another kami, Shiwahiko-no-Kami.
- History
The construction of Shiogama Jinja dates to before the historic era. Per shrine legend, the Sun Goddess, Amaterasu-Omikami, specifically commanded Takemikazuchi-no-Kami and Futsunushi-no-Kami, to develop the Tōhoku area.
A third kami, Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami, guided the other two to this region. After their arrival, the area enjoyed a period of peace, and Shiotsuchi-Oji-no-Kami taught the local people how to make salt from sea water. In gratitude, a shrine was erected to the three kami.
Shiogama Jinja appears in historical records in 820 AD, when it was given exemption from taxes.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

source : artne.jp/event... 福岡市博物館

塩竈・松島図屏風 Shiogama - Matsushima Byobu folding screen

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. Sanriku Hamakaido 三陸浜街道 Sanriku Beach Road .

. shio no michi 塩の道 the salt roads of Japan .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Miyagi 宮城県

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宮城郡 Miyagi district 七ヶ浜町 Shichigahama town

Mahanashijima 馬放島 "Island to let the horse run"
The two main deities venerated at Shiogama,
Futsunushi no Mikoto 経津主命(ふつぬしのみこと）and
Takemikatsuchi no Mikoto 武甕槌命(たけみかつちのみこと）
came riding on a white horse. They landed on the island Mahanashijima.
When the shinme 神馬 divine horse of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja becomes old, it is brought to this island to live his last days.

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塩竃市 Shiogama city

fuji no ki 藤の木 wisteria tree
At the 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja the color murasaki 紫 purple is taboo.
The deity in residence does not like the fuji no ki 藤の木 wisteria tree and thus not the color.
All the parishioners of the Shrine avoid purple.

- - - - -

kamagafuchi 釜ヶ渕 riverside of the kettle / cauldron
Once one of the 12 sacred kettles of the Deity, shinkama 神釜 / 神竈 / 御釜 O-Kama was stolen.
When the boat of the thieves passed the riverside, it sank to the ground.

O-Kama Jinja 御釜神社 "Shrine of the Divine Kettle"
宮城県塩竈市本町6-1

- quote -
This unassuming shrine is named for its four metal cauldrons which have been used since ancient times to make salt.
The cauldrons are designated one of the Three Great Miracles of Japan. The color of the water in these cauldrons is said to change before disasters, a belief so prevalent that during the Edo period the shrine was ordered to inform the rulers of the Sendai Domain whenever there was a change in color. It is even said that the color of the water changed just before the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.

Okama Jinja enshrines Shiotsuchi Oji no Kami,
the god who taught humans how to make salt. An sacred salt-making ritual is held here on July 6 every year, a tradition which has continued for one thousand years.
- source : visitmiyagi.com/contents... -

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塩竃市 Shiogama city 一森山 Ichimoriyama

Shiotsuchi no Oji 塩釜翁神 / シオツチノオジ / 塩竈明神 Shiogama Myojin
塩椎神 Shiotsuchi no Kami / 塩竃さん Shiogama San
There are three deities venerated at Shiogama Jinja. Later one of them,
武甕槌神 Takemikazuchi no Kami went down the river 利根川 Tonegawa to 鹿島 Kashima.
経津主神 Futsunushi no Kami went to 香取 Katori.
Only 塩椎神 Shiotsuji no Kami stayed here.

- quote -
Kotokatsukunikatsunagasa
A local kami who greeted the heavenly grandchild Ninigi upon his arrival at Kasasa of Ata no Nagaya (in Kagoshima Prefecture) after his descent from heaven (tenson kōrin). Nihongi states that the kami made a free-will offering of the land to Ninigi.
According to a variant "alternate writing" also provided by Nihongi, the kami is identified with Shiotsuchi no oji ("old man of the sea"), an offspring of Izanagi.
Shiotsuchi no oji is described elsewhere as guiding Hohodemi to the Palace of the Sea, and telling Emperor Jinmu about the "fair land to the east," with the result that he is viewed as a tutelary kami of the sea.
- source : kokugakuin Kadoya Atsushi -

- - - - -

tarayooju 多羅葉樹 / タラヨウジュ / Ilex latifolia
The Ilex tree in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is called
nanja monja, nanjamonja なんじゃもんじゃ "what is this?"
In former times, when bokesen 卜占 divinations were made, a leaf of this tree was roasted.

- - - - -

ushiishi, ushi-ishi, ウシイシ gyuseki 牛石 the bull who had become a rock
This huge rock is in the compound of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja.
In the pond East of 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja is a huge rock, looking like a bull lying down, with his eyes, nose, horns and ears visible.
On the 6th day of the 7th lunar month, when the well is cleaned, it can be fully seen.
When the deity 塩土翁神 Shiyotsuchi no Oji made salt, the tide brought a huge bull, which turned into this rock.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -
塩釜神社 OK
32 塩釜 (01) // 19 塩竃市 (00)

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- EDO - Shiotsu Kaido

https://edoflourishing.blogspot.com/2020/02/shiotsu-kaido-highway.html

Shiotsu Kaido Highway

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Kaido 街道 Highways - ABC Index .
- for Omi, Ōmi see below
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Shiotsu Kaido 塩津街道 Shiotsu Highway / 塩津海道 Shiotsu Sea Road
Connecting Shiotsu in 滋賀県 Shiga prefecture with 敦賀 Tsuruga, 福井県 Fukui, on the Sea of Japan.

This old road was also called
Shiotsu koe 塩津越え crossing over at Shiotsu
Another name is
Hokkoku Kaido 北国海道 Hokkoku Sea Road

. Kitamaebune 北前船 North-bound trade ships .
Tsuruga 敦賀, a traditional harbour where the ships from Hokkaido (Kitamaebune 北前船) used to stop over and unload things, mostly marine products, that were transported to Kyoto by land via
the Shiotsu Kaido 塩津街道 along the lake Biwako, linking to Kohoku Shiotsu in Omi. (Kohoku is Northern Shiga region.)
Tsuruga was also the endpoint of the road Tango Kaido 丹後街道 Tango Kaido.

Also called
shio no michi 塩の道 salt road
to transport salt from Tsuruga to Kyoto.

. Hokkoku Kaido 北国街道 Hokkoku Highway Roads .
From Oiwake on the 中仙道 Nakasendo Highway to 野尻宿 Nojiri into 越後 the Echigo province.

- Postal stations along the Shiotsu Kaido
Shiotsu 塩津宿 / Omi-Shiotsu 近江塩津
- source with many photos -

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- Places along the Omi Kaido
Kyoto 京都市
Otsu 大津市
Kusatsu 草津市
Ritto 栗東市
Moriyama 守山市
Yasu 野洲市
Ryuo 竜王町
Omi Hachiman 近江八幡市
Higashi-Omi 東近江市
Aisho 愛荘町
Toyosato 豊郷町
Hikone 彦根市
Maibara 米原市

- more photos : biwa.ne.jp/~futamura... -

. Nakasendo 中山道 .

- source with many photos -

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Nishi-Omi Kaido 西近江街道 Western Omi Highway
Connecting 近江国 Omi with the 越前国 Echigo domain.

- Places along the Nishi-Omi Kaido
Fuda no tsuji 札の辻
Koseki 小関越え
Hokkokubashi bridge 北国橋
Kannonjo town 観音寺町
Karasaki Jinja 唐﨑神社 Shrine
Sakamoto Castle ruins 坂本城跡
Hiei tsuji 比叡辻
Noka 苗鹿（のうか）
Koromogawa 衣川
Ukimido 浮御堂
Katata 堅田

- reference source : kaidouarukitabi.com/rekisi... -

- wikipedia knows this -
In olden times also called Hokkoku Road 北陸道。北国海道、北国脇往還、北国往還、北国脇道
via
Koseki koe 小関越え
Ano 穴多　穴太
Wani 和邇
Mio 三尾
Tomoyuki 鞆結駅
Arachi no Seki 愛発関

- in modern times via
Otsu 大津宿 - Fuda no Tsuji 札の辻
Koromogawa 衣川宿
Wani 和邇宿
Kido 木戸宿
Kita-Komatsu 北小松宿
Kawaraichi 河原市宿
Imazu 今津宿
Kaizu 海津宿
Tsuruga 敦賀宿

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- quote -
Ōmi Province (近江国, Ōmi no kuni)
is an old province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō circuit. Its nickname is Gōshū (江州).
Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake, is located at the center of the province. "Ōmi" came from awaumi or "fresh-water sea" and the kanji of "Ōmi" (近江) means "an inlet near the capital" (See also Tōtōmi Province).
The ancient capital was near Ōtsu, which was also a major castle town. In north of Otsu, one of the most important monastery Enryaku-ji is located on Mount Hiei.
- History
Hōjō Tokimasa, the first shikken of the Kamakura shogunate, was made daimyō of Ōmi Province in the 10th month of Shōji 2 (1200).
During the Sengoku period, the northern part of the province was the fief of Ishida Mitsunari, Tokugawa Ieyasu's opponent at the Battle of Sekigahara, although he spent most of his time in Osaka Castle administering the fief of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's young son. After Ishida's defeat, Tokugawa granted the fief to his allies, the Ii clan, who built the castle and town of Hikone from the ruins of Sawayama.
Takebe taisha was designated as the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) for the province.
Ukiyo-e print by Hiroshige of the sailboats at Yahashi, one of the Eight Views of Ōmi, c. 1834
During the Edo period, it was host to five stations of the Tōkaidō and eight stations of the Nakasendō.
The southern part of the province around the town of Kōka (Koga) was the home of the famous Kōga ninja, one of the two main founding schools of ninjutsu.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

Kurita District (栗太郡)
Yasu District (野洲郡)
Kōka District (甲賀郡)
Gamō District (蒲生郡)
Kanzaki District (神崎郡)
Echi District (愛知郡)
Inukami District (犬上郡)
Sakata District (坂田郡)
Azai District (浅井郡)
Ika District (伊香郡)
Takashima District (高島郡)

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Shiga was known as Ōmi Province 近江国
. Oomi Hakkei　近江八景 Eight Views of Omi .

. Folk Art from Omi .
. Omi joofu 近江上布 Omi Jofu Ramie fabric .
. Oomi shoonin tsuchi ningyoo 近江商人土人形 clay dolls from tradesmen of Omi .
. Omi Hino Merchant Museum 近江日野商人 .
. Oomi Daruma 近江だるま Daruma from Omi .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.................................................................................　Shiga 滋賀県
.......................................................................
伊香郡 Ika district 余呉町 Yogo town

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
A dealer in brooms made from Shuro palm came crossing over the pass to reach Shiotsu in the early morning.
He saw a fox sleeping on the roadside and teased it with his broom. When he came back the same road during daytime, it became quite dark and he could only see a strange fire. He went there and found a large lodging house, where he could sleep and get some food, even a hot bath.
Another man came past and asked him "What are you doing here?"
The man came to his senses and saw he was all naked. His food was only shit from the fox.

.......................................................................
伊香郡 Ika district 西浅井町 Nishi-Asai town

gawata がわた Kappa (in the dialect of Shiga)
The Gawata pulld people into the river. One day children were playing on the river side and one boy was imitating the Gawata to shock the others. The others, who thought it was the real Kappa, caught him and beat him quite hard.

. Kappa 河童 water goblin legends .

- - - - -

. hinotama, hi no tama 火の玉と伝説 Legends about fire balls .
Around 3 in the morning at the beginning of the month, a ship was heading to the lake. From the East came a fire ball and stopped right above the mast.
A little later a bit of wind came and the fire ball seemed to ride the wind and blew away.
Pondering about this happening, the men thought it must have been a group of spiders.

- - - - -

minomushi ミノムシ roundworm
A man boarded his ship around 3 in the morning in March, when he saw something sparkling. He picked it up, it looked like 金粉 gold powder.
This was a minomushi, which represents the soul of people who have died on sea or in water accidents.

. minomushi 蓑虫 , "straw raincoat bug" .
larva of Psychidae

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

塩津浜逸話集 Tales from Shiotsu
中村芳三

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18 Feb 2020

MINGEI - Jorogami Spider Yokai

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.com/2020/01/jorogumo-woman-spider-yokai.html

Jorogumo woman spider yokai

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .
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Jorogumo 女郎蜘蛛 / 女郎ぐも"woman spider"

quote
Jorōgumo ( 絡新婦, じょろうぐも)
is a type of Yōkai, a creature, ghost or goblin of Japanese folklore. It can shapeshift into a beautiful woman, so the kanji for its actual meaning is 女郎蜘蛛 or "woman-spider", and to write it instead as 絡新婦 ("entangling newlywed woman") is a jukujikun pronunciation of the kanji.
In Toriyama Sekien's Gazu Hyakki Yagyō, it is depicted as a spider woman manipulating small fire-breathing spiders.
Jorōgumo can also refer to some species of spiders,
such as the Nephila and Argiope spiders. Japanese-speaking entomologists use the katakana form of Jorōgumo (ジョロウグモ) to refer exclusively to the spider species Nephila clavata.
In Edo period writings such as the Taihei-Hyakumonogatari (太平百物語) and the Tonoigusa (宿直草), there are "jorogumo" that shapeshift into women.
source : wikipedia

- quote -
Jōren Falls (浄蓮の滝, Jōren-no-taki)
is a waterfall in the Yugashima district of Izu city, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, in central Izu Peninsula on the upper reaches of the Kano River. It is a Shizuoka Prefectural Natural Monument. It is one of "Japan's Top 100 Waterfalls", in a listing published by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment in 1990.
According to Japanese folklore, this is home to the legendary mistress of the Jōren Falls, Jorōgumo; a spider that can transform into a seductive woman.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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taki no nushi 滝の主 The master of the waterfall 浄蓮の滝 Joren no Taki
at 天城湯ヶ島 Amagi Yugashima is Jorogumo.

At Joren no Taki 浄蓮の滝　the Jōren Falls of Izu, Shizuoka,
allegedly lives the jorōgumo mistress of the waterfall.
The local legend tells of a man who rested beside the waterfall basin when the jorōgumo tried to drag him into the waterfall by throwing webs around his leg. The man transferred the webbing around a tree stump, which was dragged into the falls instead of him.
After that, people of the village dared not venture close to the falls anymore. Then one day, a visiting woodcutter who was a stranger to this all tried to cut a tree and mistakenly dropped his favorite axe into the basin. As he tried to go down to fetch his axe back, a beautiful woman appeared and returned it to him. "You must never tell anyone what you saw here", she said. Initially he kept the secret, but as days went by, the need to spill the story burdened him. And finally at a banquet, while drunk, he told the whole story. Feeling unburdened and at peace, he went to sleep, but he never woke again.
In another version, the woodcutter was pulled outside by an invisible string and his corpse was found floating the next day at the Jōren Falls.
In yet another version,
the woodcutter fell in love with a woman he met at the waterfall. He visited her every day, but grew physically weaker each time. The priest of a nearby temple suspected that the woodcutter was "taken in by the jorōgumo mistress of the waterfall", and accompanied him to chant a sutra. When a spider thread reached out to the woodcutter, the priest let out a thunderous yell, and the thread disappeared. Now knowing that the woman was actually a jorōgumo, the woodcutter still persisted and tried to gain permission for marriage from the mountain's tengu. When the tengu denied him, the woodcutter ran towards the waterfall, where he was entangled by spider threads and disappeared into the water.

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source : popeye.sakura.ne.jp/shizuoka...
Jorogumo dorei 女郎蜘蛛土鈴 clay bell
from the shop 趣味の店アカオ
静岡県熱海市田原本町

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- quote Manga Mukashibanashi - tales of old -

あらすじ
伊豆の天城山中、
狩野川の上流にある浄蓮の滝は、千古の大木が鬱蒼と生い茂る、夏でも肌寒さを覚える程の場所で、滅多に人が入る事も無かった。
ある時、
他国の樵が千古の大木に目をつけてやって来て、滝の傍の大木に斧を打ちこみ始めた。ひと休みしようと斧を振る手を止め、切株に腰かけて煙草を噴かしていると、いつ現れたのか1匹のジョロウグモが、樵の足許に糸を繰り出していた。
樵は見るともなしにその光景を見ていたが、やがて仕事に戻ろうと思い、足にからめられたクモの糸を切株に巻きつけて立ち上がった。と、突然凄まじい地響きが鳴り響き、糸をからげられた切株がごそっと引っこ抜かれ、あっと言う間に滝壺に引きずり込まれてしまった。
樵からこの話を伝え聞いた人々は「浄蓮の滝の主はジョロウグモに違いない」と噂し、それからと言うもの、この滝に近づく者は絶えてしまった。
それからしばらくしたある日、先の樵とは別の樵が浄蓮の滝にやって来て、大木を切る為に斧を振るい始めた。木を切り倒し、昼飯を食べている樵の足元に、いつかと同じようにジョロウグモがやって来て、同じように糸をからげ始めた。樵は昼飯を食べ終わった後、クモの糸を切株にからげて仕事に戻ろうと立ち上がると、突然凄まじい地響きと共に切株が根こそぎに引き抜かれ、突き立ててあった斧もろとも滝壺に引きずり込まれた。
驚いた樵は、
引きこまれた斧を取り返そうと思わず滝壺に飛び込んだ。すると、水中に見た事も無い美しい姫が斧を持って立っていて、「浄蓮の滝の廻りの木を切ってはなりませぬ。そして、今日の事は誰にも語ってはなりませぬ。約束を守るなら、貴方の斧は返しましょう」と言って、樵に斧を返してくれた。
樵は家に帰ると、姫との約束を守りその日の事を誰にも語らずに過ごしていたが、ある時、振る舞い酒に酔ってつい口が滑り、浄蓮の滝で出逢った姫の事をすっかり話してしまった。と、話し終わると同時に樵はポックリと死んでしまった。
こんな事があってからと言うもの、人々は浄蓮の滝の主のジョロウグモを恐れ、滝に近付く者はいよいよ居なくなってしまったと言う事だ。
- reference source : Manga Nihon Mukashibanashi -

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Jorogumo is the messenger of Mizunokami.
水神の使者・女郎蜘蛛の伝説
- reference source : phantaporta.com... -

. Mizu no Kami 水の神様 Suijin 水神 Deity of Water .

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女郎蜘蛛八丁堀の狐
松本賢吾

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- CLICK for more manga versions - -

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- - - - - Haiku and Senryu - - - - -

女郎蜘蛛染屋は彩もなく古りぬ
古田紀一

女郎蜘蛛足に金の輪染めてをり
女郎蜘蛛黒地の脚絆染めてをり
粟津松彩子

女郎蜘蛛金龍院の空を降り
高澤良一

Temple Kinryu-In 金龍院

- Long list of haiku about Jorogumo -
- reference source : fudemaka57.exblog.jp... -

. WKD : joroogumo 女郎蜘蛛 "courtesan spider" .
- kigo for all summer -

ジョロウグモ joroogumo - Trichonephila clavata - the Jorō spider

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .

. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

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- - - #jorogumo #jorospider #spider #jorennotaki #jorenfall #izushizuoka - - - - -
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17 Feb 2020

MINGEI - Daruma daki ningyo dolls

https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.com/2020/01/daruma-daki-dolls.html

daruma daki dolls

source : Daisuke Hayashi
Daruma daki kuma だるま抱き熊 bear holding Daruma
土人形 clay doll

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. Cats holding Daruma だるま招き猫 .

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. Daruma daki usagi だるま抱き卯 rabbit holding Daruma .

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- ABC - List of dolls holding Daruma from the Prefectures

................................................................................ Kanagawa　神奈川県

. Daruma daki Kintaroo だるま抱き金太郎 Kintaro holding Daruma san .

................................................................................ Shizuoka 静岡県

. Daruma daki kozoo 達磨抱き小僧 boy holding Daruma .

................................................................................ Saitama 埼玉県
春日部張子 Kasugabe papermachee dolls

Daruma daki inoshishi 達磨抱き亥 wild boar holding Daruma

だるま抱きトラ Tiger holding Daruma

................................................................................ Yamagata 山形県

. Daruma daki dooji 達磨抱き童子 Child embracing Daruma .

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. Join the MINGEI group on facebook ! .

. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

. Regional Folk Toys from Japan .

. Japan - Shrines and Temples .

. Tohoku after the BIG earthquake March 11, 2011

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
- - - #darumadaki #embracingdaruma #holdingdaruma - - - - -
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